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PMOI Bibliography

Abrahamian, Ervand, Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin (London, 1989).

Abrahamian, Ervand. Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Modern Iran. University of California Press. (1999)

Abrahamian, Ervand. History of Modern Iran. New York: Columbia University Press. (2008)

Association of Committed Professors of Iranian Universities, Facts and Myths on the Peoples Mojahedin of Iran (Iran, 1990).

Amuzegar, J. (1991). The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution: The Pahlavi’s Triumph and Tragedy. SUNY Press.

Bakhash, Shaul, The Reign of the Ayatollahs, Iran and the Islamic Revolution (New York, 1984).

Atabaki, T. (2000). Azerbaijan: Ethnicity and the Struggle for Power in Iran. IB Taurus.

Bani-Sadr, Abul Hassan, My Turn to Speak (New York, 1989).

Banisadr, Massoud, Human Rights BetrayedGalindo Pohls Iran Report Under Scrutiny (Secretariat of the National Council of Resistance of Iran, Auvers-sur-Oise, France, 1990).

Beeman, W. (2006). The Great Satan versus the Mad Mullahs: How the United States and Iran Demonize each Other. Greenwood Publishing Group.

Bill, James. The Eagle and the Lion: The Tragedy of American-Iranian Relocations. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1988.

Bill, James A., Politics in the Middle East (London, 1990).

Boroujerdi, Mehrzad, Iranian Intellectuals and the West, the Tormented Triumph of Nativism (Syracuse, New York, 1996).

Behman, M. Reza. Cultural Foundations of Iranian Politics. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1986

Behrooz, M. (2000). Rebels with a Cause: The Failure of the Left in Iran. I. B. Taurus.

Bowden, (2006). Guests of the Ayatollah: The First Battle in America’s War with Militant Islam. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.

Costigan, S. S., and Gold, D. (2007). Terrornomics. United Kingdom: Ashgate Publishing.

Bulloch, John, and Morris, Harvey, The Gulf War (London, 1989).

Chapin, Helen (ed.), Iran: a Country Study (Federal Research Division of Congress, Washington, 1989).

Dabashi, Hamis. Theology of Discontent: The Ideological Foundation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. New York: New YOrk University Press, 1993.

Cordesman, Anthony H., Iran and Iraq (Oxford, 1994).

Fuller, Graham E., and Lesser, Ian O., A Sense of Siege, The Geopolitics of Islam and the West (Oxford, 1995).

Ghods, Reza M., Iran in the Twentieth Century (Colorado, Denver, 1988).

Hiro, Dilip, The Longest War (London, 1989).

Hooglund, Eric (ed.), Twenty Years of Islamic Revolution, Political and Social Transition in Iran since 1979 (Syracuse, New York, 2002).

Hunter, Shireen T. Iran after Khomeini. New York: Praeger, 1992.

Keddie, Nikki R., Iran and the Muslim World: Resistance and Revolution (London, 1995).

Kemp, Geoffrey, Forever Enemies? (Washington, 1994).

Milani, Mohsen M., The Making of Irans Islamic Revolution (Colorado, 1988).

Mohaddessin, Mohammad, Islamic Fundamentalism: The New Global Threat, Washington. 1993.

Omid, Homa, Islam and the Post-Revolutionary State in Iran (London, 1994).

Rajavi, Massoud, Artesh Azadbekhesh Meli-e Iran ([The] National Liberation Army of Iran) (Antasherat Iran ketab, Khordadmah, 1374 [1995]).

Siavoshi, Sussan, Liberal Nationalism in Iran, The Failure of the Movement (London, 1990).

Wardlaw, Grant, Political Terrorism, Theory, Tactics, and Counter-measures (Cambridge, 1982).

Ramazani, Nest. “Women in Iran: The Revolutionary Ebb and Flow”. Middle East Journal 47, no.3 (summer 1993): 409-28

Abedin, Mahan, “The MKO and the War on Iraq”, Middle East Intelligence Bulletin, Vol. 5, No. 2, February/March 2003.

Bakhtiari, Bahman, “The Leftist Challenge: The Mojahedin Khalq and The Tudeh Party”, Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 13, No. 1 & 2, Fall/Winter 1989, pp. 29-51.

Banuazizi, Ali. “Iran’s Revolutionary Impass: Political Factionalism and Societal Resistance.” Middle East Report 24, no. 6 (November-December 1994): 2-8

Gulf States Newsletter, “Mojahedin Guerrilla Activity against Iranian Forces is Intensifying”, No. 310, April 20, 1987, pp. 3-4.

Haeri, Safa, “The missing prisoners”. Middle East International, No. 388, November 23, 1990, p. 13. 206

Fayazmanesh, S. (2008). The United States and Iran: Sanctions, Wars and the Policy of Dual Containment. Routledge Publishers.

Hashemi, Farzin, “Letters: Iran and the Mujahedin”, Middle East Internationa/, No. 398, April 19,1991, p. 27.

Hunter, Robert, E., “Western Europe and the Middle East since the Iran-Contra Affair”, in Robert O. Freedman (ed.), The Middle East from the Iran-Contra to the Intifada (New York, 1991), p. 105.

Hyman, Anthony, “The Revival of Iran’s Mojahedin”, Middle East International, No. 301, May 29, 1987, pp. 15-16.

Willet, E. (2004). Ayatollah Khomeini. The Rosen Publishing Group.

Iran Press Digest, “Illegal Parties: Bomb Blast”, Vol. 5, No. 21, April 15, 1986, p. 2.

Jansen, Godfrey, “The Iranian Mojahedin: Marxist, Muslims or Both?”, Middle East International, No. 355, July 21,1989, pp. 19-20.

“The Politics of Land, Law, and Social Justice in Iran.” Middle East Journal 43, no. 2 (spring 1989): 186-201.

Fischer, M. M. J. (2003). Iran: From Religious Dispute to Revolution. University of Wisconsin Press.

Jarrah, Najm, “The truce is shattered”, Middle East International, No. 505, July 21, 1995, pp. 13-14.

Middle East Economic Digest, “KDPI Leader Hassan Rastegar Meets Mojaheddin-e Khalq Leader in Baghdad”, September 2, 1996.

Keddie, N. R. (2006). Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution. Yale University Press.

Kurzman, C. (2004). The Unthinkable Revolution in Iran, Harvard University Press.

Moghadam, Val, “The Left and Revolution in Iran: A Critical Analysis”, in Hooshang Amirahmadi and Parvin Manoucher (eds), Post-Revolutionary Iran (London, 1988), pp. 23-40.

Neff, Donald, “Support for the Mujahedin”, Middle East International, No. 381, August 3,1990, pp. 12-13.

Hussein, A. (1985). Islamic Iran: Revolution and Counter-Revolution. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Nuri-zadeh, Ali, “Alnizam far madhrur” (The (Iranian) Regime is Crumbling), Aldustur, August 1,1988, pp. 14-15.

Piazza, James A., “The Democratic Islamic Republic of Iran in Exile”, Digest of Middle East Studies, Vol. 3, No. 4, Fall 1994, pp. 9^44.

Robinson, Colin, “In the Spotlight: Mujaheddin-e-Khalq Organization (MEK or MKO)”, CDI, September 11, 2002.

Karsh, E. (2002). The Iran–Iraq War 1980–1988. Osprey Publishing.

Shoaee, Rokhsareh, S., “The Mujahed Women of Iran: Reconciling ‘Culture’ and ‘Gender’”, Middle East Journal, Vol. 41, No. 4. August 1987, pp. 519-536.

MEK-Kurds allegations

[1] US Department of State, “People’s Mojahedin of Iran,” prepared at the request of Congress, Section 523 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995, Public Law No. 103-236., October 28, 1994. p. 10.
[2] Hoshyar Zebari, letter to M.F. Wijingaarden, attorney in the Netherlands, July 14, 1999. See also, “U.S. Says Iraq-based Iran Opposition Aids Iraq Government,” by Jonathan Wright, Reuters, May 22, 2002. Available at:

http://www.www.localhost/nearali/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=21&Itemid=30

[3] Implications of Humanitarian Activities for The Enjoyment of Human Rights, written statement submitted by International Educational Development, United Nations Economic and Social Council, Commission on Human Rights, Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, Forty-seventh session, Agenda item 19, E/CN.4/Sub.2/1995/NGO/55, August 22, 1995. Available at: http://www.globalpolitician.com/25756-ncri-mek-pmoi-iran
[4] Jamshid Tafrishi, affidavit to the United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, submitted in the case PEOPLE’S MOJAHEDIN ORGANIZATION OF IRAN, Petitioner, v. DEPARTMENT OF STATE and Colin L. Powell, Secretary of State, Respondents. No. 01-1465 and No. 01-1476., September 11, 2001. Available at: http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F3/327/327.F3d.1238.01-1476.01-1465.html
[5] Question of the Violation of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in Any Part of the World, written statement submitted by International Educational Development, United Nations Economic and Social Council, Commission on Human Rights, Fifty-seventh session, Agenda item 9, E/CN.4/2001/NGO/51, January 23, 2001. Available at: http://www.globalpolitician.com/25756-ncri-mek-pmoi-iran
[6] 2007 Country Reports on Terrorism, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, US Department of State, Chap. 6, Terrorist Organizations, April 30, 2008. Available at: http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2007/103714.htm
[7] Douglas Jehl, “U.S. Sees No Basis to Prosecute Iranian Opposition ‘Terror’ Group Being Held in Iraq,” The New York Times, July 27, 2004, p. A8. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/27/politics/27iran.html?pagewanted=all
[8] Letter by Mohammad Mehdi Hachem to US Ambassador to Iraq, Zalmay Khalilzad, November 2006.
[9] Statement by Mohammad Mehdi Hachem, December 2, 2006.
[10] Ayatollah Iyad Jamal Ad-Din, interview with Al-Arabiya Television Network, Panorama Program, January 28, 2009.
[11] Emmanuel Ludot, Interview with the French-German Television channel, ARTE, September 27, 2005.
[12] National Council of Resistance of Iran, Plan for the Autonomy of Iranian Kurdistan, adopted November 1983. Available at: http://ncr-iran.org/content/view/32/
[13] Jalal Talabani, letter to NCRI President Massoud Rajavi, March3, 1984, Mojahed Weekly, No. 196, March 29, 1984. Also reprinted in Democracy Betrayed, A Response to the State Department Report on the Mojahedin and the Iranian Resistance, Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran, Paris: 2005, p. 128. Available at: www.iran-e-azad.org/english/special/chap8.html
[14] Agence France Presse, dispatch from Tehran, April 13, 1991. Hassan Zolfaqari and Beshar Shabibi, were handed over to the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps in Qasr-e Shirin (western Iran). See also the report by Mr. Bacre Waly Ndiaye, Special Representative of the United Nations Human Rights Commission to the 49th Session of the Commission, para. 360, p. 89. E/CN.4/1993/46, December 23, 1992. Available at: http://www.extrajudicialexecutions.org/application/media/49%20Comm%20HR%20SR%20Report%20(E-CN.4-1993-46).pdf
[15] Reuters, dispatch from Damascus, March 27, 1991. The only allegation concerning MEK’s involvement in the crackdown on Iraqi Kurds revolves around a single incident in the Iraqi town of Kelar on March 25 1991. Anticipating that the Iranian regime might take advantage of the turmoil resulting from Iraq’s defeat in Operation Desert Storm to attack its bases, the MEK sent a number of messages through the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran – Revolutionary Leadership, to the leaders of the Iraqi Kurds in early March 1991, explaining Tehran’s nefarious plans. The MEK stressed that it did not seek to engage the Iraqi Kurds unless attacked, explaining that the MEK’s presence in Diyala Province, in the central region of the Iran-Iraq border, was its only passage into Iran. Owing to the geographical distance, at no time and at no place did the MEK come into contact with the forces of Massoud Barzani’s Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iraq. But on March 11, 1991, Talebani’s forces attacked a detachment of MEK units near the city of Tuz, as they were evacuating from one a base further north to Camp Ashraf. The MEK’s unit commander (Reza Karamali) was killed and several others were wounded. On March 25, during large-scale battles between the MEK and the units of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC), which had penetrated well into Iraq to attack MEK’s defensive positions near the town of Jalula, a platoon of 19 combatants, riding in four armored vehicles, lost radio contact with the command center. The group lost its way in the unfamiliar terrain, and mistakenly advanced several kilometers north toward the city of Kelar, where they were captured by members of Talebani’s group and the Kurdish Hezbollah (a proxy group of the Iranian regime). Although the MEK immediately acknowledged the error and issued statements to that effect the same day, the Talebani group executed 17 MEK fighters. The other two, Hassan Zolfaqari and Beshar Shabibi, were handed over to the Iranian regime in Qasr-e Shirin (western Iran).
[16] Zebari letter, op. cit.
[17] Letter by the Political Bureau of Intifadiya Movement of Sha’baniya to the European Union’s Foreign Policy Chief, Javier Solana, November 18, 2006.
[18] In March 2006, Iraqi national dailies Az-Zaman, Al-Watan, Al-Haqa’eq, Al-Iraq Al-Yowm and Assyiada published the declaration by 12,000 prominent Iraqi jurists and lawyers. The declaration was also published in a full-page advertisement in The New York Times on April 21, 2006 (p. A19). See also: “Hitting the Mark on the Wrong Iranian Target Doesn’t Help the Cause,” Daniel M. Zucker, Global Politician, February 22, 2006. Available at: www.globalpolitician.com/21625-iran
[19] Amit R. Paley and Sudarsan Raghav, “Muslim Shiite Sheiks Condemn Tehran for Violence in Iraq”, The Washington Post, November 22, 2007. Also reported by CNN.com, “Tribal leader: Evicting Iranian regime is only solution for Iraq,” November 23, 2007. Available at: http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/meast/11/23/iraq.iran/
[20] Arab-language daily, Al-Qabas, Kuwait, June 15, 2008, p. 73.