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Palazzo dell'Arengo (Rimini)

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Palazzo dell'Arengo
 
The façade of the Palazzo dell'Arengo, April 2012
Former namesPalatium Comunis
General information
StatusCompleted
TypeHotel
AddressPiazza Cavour
Town or cityRimini
CountryItaly
Construction started28 September 1928 (1928-09-28)
Opened15 August 1929; 95 years ago (1929-08-15)

The Palazzo dell'Arengo is

The Palazzo dell'Arengo, the adjacent fourteenth-century Palazzo del Podestà [it], and the sculptural garden they overlook collectively house the Palazzi dell'Arte Rimini, a museum dedicated to modern and contemporary art inaugurated on 24 September 2020.[1]

History

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The building was built in 1204,[2] by the will of mayor Modio dè Carbonesi.[3][4]

In medieval Rimini, the municipal council met on the first floor, while the judiciary occupied the ground floor and its portico.[2][3] A large stone, the lapis magnum, was kept in the portico; insolvent debtors had to strike their bare bottom on the stone three times.[3] The building's bell-tower housed medieval custodial cells;[4][5] the tower likely had two separate rooms for male and female prisoners, who would be temporarily held in the cells before being administered their punishments.[5]

 
Piazza della Fontana in an 1832 engraving by Bernardo Rosaspina, showing the Palazzo dell'Arengo before its 1920s remodelling

The building was renovated in 1562 and 1672.[3] In 1681, Rimini's first permanent theatre was constructed in the building,[6][7] with four tiers of twenty-one wooden boxes. It was closed in 1839.[6]

It was formerly known as the Palatium Comunis.[3]

In the early 20th century, the loggia of the palace was the only place in which shoeshining was permitted in the city. A municipal council motion in 1913 records that only one shoeshiner operated year-round, with a second shoeshiner operating during the summer.[8]

The building was damaged by the 1916 Rimini earthquakes,[9] which revealed the building's polifore.[7] It was renovated between 1919 and 1923,[3] and remodelled in a neo-medieval style by architect Gaspare Rastelli.[9][7]

On 21 September 1924, the palace hosted Benito Mussolini's first visit to Rimini as Italy's fascist dictator, in honour of the poet Giovanni Pascoli. The visit inaugurated the newly-remodelled palace and city hall. The celebration was attended by senior cultural figures and representatives of the Italian and Sammarinese governments, including Alfredo Panzini, Aldo Oviglio, and Giuliano Gozi.[10] On 27 April 1929, the palace hosted the inauguration of Pietro Palloni as the city's podestà. A large banquet was hosted in the palace's hall, with over 450 guests.[11]

At a council meeting on 15 June 1954, an MSI councillor was pushed down the stairs of the building after suggesting that commemorations for Giacomo Matteotti, who was assassinated by fascists, should be followed by commemorations for Giovanni Gentile, who was assassinated by anti-fascists. The councillor was recompensed in an out-of-court settlement for a fracture to his nasal septum. The following month, the mayor and nineteen councillors were acquitted in a trial for an attack against citizens' political rights.[12]

On 9 September 1972,[13][14] the Museum of Primitive Arts (Museo delle Arti Primitivi) opened in the Palazzo dell'Arengo and the Palazzo della Podestà. The museum moved to Castel Sismondo in 1988, dedicated to non-European arts.[15] The palace was thereafter used as an exhibition space.[16][17][18]

On 24 September 2020, the Palazzi dell'Arte Rimini was inaugurated at the Palazzo dell'Arengo.[1] The first floor of the Palazzo dell'Arengo was partitioned in two, with one area used for sculptural displays and another for photographic displays.[19]

Art and architecture

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The palace was the work of a Cistercian architect. It was built approximate to the Roman grid plan of the city.[20] There was likely a clock on its façade.[21]

Since the 1920s remodelling, the palace has been slightly raised from the street level by five steps.[7] On the ground floor, the portico with pointed arches was possibly the first to be built in Romagna,[3] and represents the most authentic part of the original building.[4] The portico contains seven piers, decorated in the early 1300s, when Rimini was controlled by the Guelphs. Among the artwork on its capitals are depictions of a cockerel, representing the Guelphs, capturing a hen, representing the Ghibellines.[7]

 
The table of measurements on the Palazzo dell'Arengo's wall, August 2015

The first floor contains a large hall, with a trussed ceiling.[4] The building features large, multi-mullioned windows. [3][4] It is crowned with Ghibelline merlons,[4] which date to the early 1920s remodelling.[7] The bell tower stands on the building's northern corner.[4] The building contains a table of measurements affixed to a wall.[22]

During the medieval era, the palace and its tower were likely painted white with red accents.[20]

Plaques in the building commemorate notable Riminese people, such as patriot Giovanni Venerucci [it], whose plaque was inaugurated on 28 October 1900.[23]

See also

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Palazzi dell'Arte Rimini

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History

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The Palazzo dell'Arengo, the adjacent fourteenth-century Palazzo del Podestà [it], and the sculptural garden they overlook collectively house the Palazzi dell'Arte Rimini, a museum dedicated to modern and contemporary art inaugurated on 24 September 2020.[1] The first floor of the Palazzo dell'Arengo has been partitioned in two, with one area used for sculptural displays and another for photographic displays.[19]

Collection

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The collection is from the San Patrignano Foundation.[24]

For the first eighteen months, Giovanni da Rimini's The Last Judgment was displayed in the museum.[24] ** CHECK IF RIGHT PAINTER **

Rooms

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Sculptural garden

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The Palazzo dell'Arengo and Palazzo del Podestà [it] overlook a sculptural garden (Giardino delle Sculture), inaugurated with the Palazzo dell'Arte Rimini in September 2020. The garden, which is freely accessible, is located on the site of the former municipal ovens, which existed until 1898.[25] Before the PART's foundation, It was known as the Garden of Paolo and Francesca (Giardino di Paolo e Francesca), in reference to Francesca da Rimini.[26]

Its area is 1,675 square metres (18,030 square feet), and it is paved with stone cubes from San Marino and solid terracotta bricks. The garden has 345 yew hedges and trees.[25]

The garden includes seven sculptures connected to the Collezione San Patrignano, some of which are on loaned exhibition.[25]

  • A sculpture by Paul Kneale is 3 metres (9.8 feet) in height.
  • A bench in concrete and galvanised iron by Alberto Garutti [it] includes a dog sitting on one site.
  • In Giuseppe Penone's Anatomia (2011), roots and branches emerge from a block of white Carrara marble.
  • Arnaldo Pomodoro's Lancia di Luce I (1985) is a bronze sculpture.
  • Piotr Uklański's Untitled (The Thing) (2007) is a large-scale installation with steel tubes and paint, profiling an open hand that appears to grasp its surroundings.
  • Chen Zhen's Jardin mémorable (2000), an installation loaned by the Galleria Continua [it], includes five bronze and metal slabs representing the history of Qianlong Emperor's medieval park.

Reception

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Writing in Il Giornale before its inauguration, art critic Luca Beatrice [it] reflected that PART was "a new model, to be followed carefully" of "a perfect art space for the Instagram era" in which visitors could express their likes and dislikes: "Had it not been disgraced by certain politics, we could really use the expression 'participatory democracy'."[24]

San Nicolò al Porto

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The Church of St Nicholas at the Port (Italian: Chiesa di San Nicolò al Porto)

History

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The church is dedicated to St Nicholas of Bari.[27]

In 1177, a German bishop named Gulto removed the left humerus of St Nicholas of Bari from the saint's skeleton in Bari Basilica. Returning home, his ship was driven into Rimini's port three times, causing him to repent and deposit the bone in the Oratory of St Lawrence, which would later become the church of San Nicolò al Porto.[27]

The church was run by the Celestine monks, a Benedictine congregation founded by the future Pope Celestine V, which is no longer extant. The monks arrived in Rimini between 1338 and 1340, and operated the church until the suppression of religious orders under the Cisalpine Republic in 1797.[27]

In 1633, St Nicholas was proclaimed co-patron of the city.[27]

During the Second World War, the church was largely destroyed: only its bell tower, fourteenth-century crucifix, and a chapel were spared. The church was rebuilt in 1955, with its façade reoriented to face the city, rather than looking out over the port canal.[27]

In 2003, after the church donated part of St Nicholas' humerus to the Greek Orthodox Church of Dimitriada in Volos, Greece, it was gifted an icon of St Nicholas, which was installed on the right-hand side of the church. In 2007, the remaining relic was moved from the celestial chapel, where it previously resided and was exposed for veneration on 6 December and other celebrations, to beneath the icon.[27]

Architecture

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The celestial chapel (capella celestina), once part of the church, is now incorporated into the rectory. It is rectangular in shape, with a cross-vault ceiling decorated by fourteenth-century frescoes of the Rimnese school. They are believed to date to the arrival of the Celestine monks, and according to Andrea Donati, the frescoes can be identified with the workshop of Pietro da Rimini. The frescoes depict scenes of creation from Genesis: in the first, light and dark are separated; in the second, Adam is created and Eve from his rib; in the third, Adam and Eve are expulsed from the Garden fo Even; in the last scene, they are made to work. They were discovered by Tullo Busignani in 1925, and uncovered over the subsequent three years by Giovanni Nave. After being detached, they were placed in the Palazzo dell'Arengo and now the Museo della Città.[27]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Palazzi dell'Arte Rimini". Rimini Turismo (in Italian). Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Piazza Cavour, Rimini: cosa vedere, storia e mappa". Romagna.net (in Italian). Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "Palazzi storici" [Historic palaces]. Comune di Rimini (in Italian). 27 October 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Palazzo dell'Arengo". Rimini Turismo (in Italian). 21 September 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  5. ^ a b Zaghini, Paolo (27 January 2020). "E i nomi dei luoghi diventano l'affascinante racconto della storia di Rimini" [And the names of the places become the fascinating story of Rimini's history]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  6. ^ a b Ceroni, Nadia; Bortolotti, Lidia (14 April 2020). "Teatro Amintore Galli (Ex Vittorio Emanuele II)" [Amintore Galli Theatre (formerly Victor Emmanuel II)]. Ministry of Culture (in Italian). Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Rimondini, Giovanni (19 March 2023). "Sul Palazzo detto "del Garampi" e sui motivi per non chiamarlo più con questo nome" [On the Palace known as "del Garampi" and on the reasons to no longer call it by this name]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  8. ^ Masini, Manlio (2017). "Lavoro e dignità" [Labour and dignity] (PDF). Ariminum. January–February 2017 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 5. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  9. ^ a b Fariselli, Elisa (8 June 2022). "Piazza Cavour a Rimini" [Piazza Cavour in Rimini]. Il Romagnolo (in Italian). Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  10. ^ Catrani, Alessandro (2013). "Mussolini onora Giovanni Pascoli" [Mussolini honours Giovanni Pascoli] (PDF). Ariminum. July–August 2013 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 20–23. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
  11. ^ Catrani, Alessandro (2013). "Pietro Palloni, nuovo podestà di Rimini" [Pietro Palloni: Rimini's new podestà] (PDF). Ariminum. November–December 2013 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 14–17. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  12. ^ "Che botte in consiglio comunale!" [What a fight in the city council!]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). 29 January 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  13. ^ Zaghini, Paolo (4 August 2019). "Niki Pagliarani, il sindaco che diede a Rimini i parchi e i Peep" [Niki Pagliarani, the mayor who gave Rimini parks and the Peep]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  14. ^ "Museo degli Sguardi" [Museum of Glances]. Comune di Rimini (in Italian). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  15. ^ Giovanardi, Alessandro (2013). "Un museo senza sguardi" [A musem without glances] (PDF). Ariminum. September–October 2019 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 5. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  16. ^ Rimondini, Giovanni (2013). "Il Grand Hotel e la Cassa di Risparmio" [The Grand Hotel and the Cassa di Risparmio] (PDF). Ariminum. September–October 2013 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 16–18. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  17. ^ Cucci, Anna Maria (2013). "Manichini d'autore" [Mannequins of an author] (PDF). Ariminum. November–December 2013 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 26–31. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  18. ^ "Giovedì 19 marzo 2015 - Arte e Vino - Dott.ssa Sabrina Marin" [Thursday 19 March 2015 – Art and Wine – Dr Sabrina Marin]. Rotary Rimini (in Italian). 20 March 2015. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  19. ^ a b "Museo d'arte moderna, i lavori mettono il turbo: l'obiettivo è realizzare lo spazio entro dicembre" [Museum of modern art, the works are in full swing: The goal is to complete the space by December]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 2 September 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  20. ^ a b Rimondini, Giovanni (18 July 2020). "La chiesa di Sant'Agostino e la pittura riminese del Trecento famosa nel mondo" [The church of Sant'Agostino and the world-famous fourteenth-century Rimini paintings]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  21. ^ Giugli, Silvana (2014). "L'Orologio: Una storia che ha segnato il tempo" [The clock: A history that has marked time] (PDF). Ariminum. November–December 2014 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 43. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  22. ^ Barducci, Luca (5 December 2023). "Misure vecchie e misure nuove" [Old measures and new measures]. Rimini Sparita APS (in Italian). Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  23. ^ "Augusto, Tiberio e Venerucci: arrivano tre busti per celebrare la Rimini romana e risorgimentale" [Augustus, Tiberius and Venerucci: Three busts arrive to celebrate Roman and Risorgimento Rimini]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). 13 March 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  24. ^ a b c "PARTiamo per quale museo? Non ancora inaugurato e già scoppia la polemica" [We're dePARTing for which museum? Not yet inaugurated and controversy is already breaking out]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). 22 September 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  25. ^ a b c "Giardino delle Sculture". Rimini Turismo (in Italian). 30 March 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  26. ^ Pagammo, Lussi (1 April 2021). "Quattro passi fra i lavori in corso con l'occhio rivolto al verde" [Four steps among the works in progress with an eye on the greenery]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g Cesarini, Michela (2011). "Gli affreschi del trecento nella "capella celestina"" [The fourteenth-century frescos in the "celestial chapel"] (PDF). Ariminum. January–February 2011 (in Italian). Rimini Rotary Club: 32–33. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
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