The Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route (Indonesian: Jalan Lintas Kalimantan Poros Selatan), or simply the Trans-Kalimantan Highway, (Indonesian: Jalan Lintas Kalimantan) is a 3,901-kilometre (2,424 mi) national road that forms the backbone highway system in Kalimantan, Indonesia.[1] It forms a part of the larger Pan-Borneo Highway network which also combines with highway networks of East Malaysia and Brunei. The combined highway network forms the entire Asian Highway Network Route AH150.[3]
| Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route | |
|---|---|
| Jalan Lintas Kalimantan Poros Selatan | |
| Route information | |
Part of  AH150 | |
| Length | 3,901 km (2,424 mi) |
| Existed | 1970s[1]–present |
| History | Completed in 2016[2] |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Aruk, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan |
 Q516 Lundu–Biawak RoadTrans-Kalimantan Highway Northern Route Trans-Kalimantan Highway Central Route Samarinda-Balikpapan Expressway | |
| East end | Malinau City, Malinau Regency, North Kalimantan |
| Location | |
| Country | Indonesia |
| Primary destinations | Sambas, Singkawang, Mempawah, Pontianak, Pangkalan Bun, Sampit, Palangkaraya, Kuala Kapuas, Banjarmasin, Banjarbaru, Martapura, Rantau, Kandangan, Barabai, Paringin, Balikpapan, Samarinda, Bontang, Sangatta, Tanjung Redeb, Tanjung Selor, Kabupaten Paser |
| Highway system | |
The Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route is linked to the Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway FT1 via the Trans-Malindo Highway that links to the border crossing towns of Entikong and Tebedu. A new border crossing in Aruk at the western terminus of the Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route was inaugurated by the President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo on 17 March 2017, which is linked to the Sarawak Pan-Borneo Highway FT1 via the Lundu–Biawak Road (Sarawak State Route Q516).[4]
Route background
editThe Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route is one of the three backbone highways in Kalimantan being planned by the Indonesian government; the other two are the Trans-Kalimantan Highway Central Route (Jalan Lintas Kalimantan Poros Tengah) and the Trans-Kalimantan Highway Northern Route (Jalan Lintas Kalimantan Poros Utara). None of the three highways bear any route number yet. The total length of the Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route is 3,901 kilometres (2,424 mi).[1]
The Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route is a semi-circular highway that runs along the coastlines of Kalimantan. The highway begins from Aruk, a small border town in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan, where the highway continues in Sarawak as the Lundu–Biawak Road Q516.[4][5] It passes through most major cities and towns in Kalimantan. Most major bridges in Kalimantan such as the Kapuas Bridge, Tayan Bridge, Barito Bridge[6] and Mahakam Bridge are located along this highway. There is a missing link between Penajam and Balikpapan separated by Balikpapan Bay, requiring motorists to cross the bay by ferry or use a longer provincial highway that bypasses the bay.[7] The missing link is planned to be eliminated through the construction of the Balang Island Bridge, which is targeted to be completed in 2019.[8][9] From Balikpapan to Samarinda, the highway runs in parallel with the first controlled-access expressway in Borneo, the Samarinda-Balikpapan Expressway, which is also under construction. The Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route ends at Malinau City in North Kalimantan, where the highway is linked to the Trans-Kalimantan Highway Northern Route to Simanggaris.[10]
The entire Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route, together with the Trans-Malindo Highway and the section of the Trans-Kalimantan Highway Northern Route from Malinau City to Simanggaris, forms the Indonesian section of the Asian Highway Network route AH150.[3]
History
editDuring colonial times in 1800s, the European colonists were obsessed in travelling across the Borneo island from east to west by land. In 1825, a troop of Dutch army led by Major George Muller began their expedition by going upstream along the Mahakam River from Samarinda to the river source before proceeding inland by foot. However, Muller and his troops mysteriously disappeared without any traces. Later, a Dutch doctor named Anton W. Niewenhuis became the first Dutch explorer who had successfully travelled across Borneo from Samarinda in the east to Pontianak in the west by land.[1]
However, the Kalimantan region still lacked a proper highway network until 1970s where logging companies began constructing logging roads before those roads were converted into national roads by the Indonesian government.[11] However, the construction to link the former logging roads to form the Trans-Kalimantan Highway was very sluggish. On 6 June 1989, the governors of the four Kalimantan provinces (West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and East Kalimantan) urged the central government to speed up the construction pace, and the Ministry of Public Works and People's Housing promised to them that the highway would be completed in 2009.[1] The Trans Kalimantan Highway Southern Route was completed in 2016 with the opening of the Tayan Bridge.[2]
The Trans-Kalimantan Highway Southern Route is notorious for its poor condition in many sections. As of 2010[update], 1,184 kilometres (736 mi) of the highway was built below the Asian Highway Network Class III standards (lane width: 3.0 m; design speed limit: 80 km/h).[3] Many sections of the highway is still unpaved yet, including the first 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from its western terminus at the new border crossing in Aruk.[12]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Ahmad Arif; Haryo Damardono (5 February 2009). "Trans-Kalimantan, Jalan Harapan" (in Indonesian). Kompas.com. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ a b S Ilham A (23 March 2016). "Jembatan Tayan diresmikan, Trans Kalimantan semakin lancar". Rappler (in Indonesian). Retrieved 19 October 2017.
- ^ a b c "Chapter 3: Current Status of ASEAN Transport Sector" (PDF). Jakarta: ERIA Study Team and ASEAN Secretariat as part of ASEAN Strategic Transport Plan 2011–2015. October 2010: 3–1/3–95. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b Yohanes Kurnia Irawan (18 March 2017). "Presiden Jokowi: Desain PLBN Aruk Paling Bagus Se-Indonesia" (in Indonesian). Kompas.com. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ West Kalimantan Province Road Map - by the Road Preservation Directorate, Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, Indonesia.
- ^ "Jembatan Barito". Barito Kuala Regency Government. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ East Kalimantan Province Road Map - by the Road Preservation Directorate, Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, Indonesia.
- ^ "Jembatan Pulau Balang jadi Akses Trans Kalimantan" (in Indonesian). Tribun Kaltim. 1 August 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
- ^ "Pembangunan Bentang Panjang Jembatan Pulau Balang Capai 50 Persen" (in Indonesian). Tribun Kaltim. 28 January 2018. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
- ^ North Kalimantan Province Road Map - by the Road Preservation Directorate, Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, Indonesia.
- ^ Ahmad Arif; Haryo Damardono (27 February 2009). "Trans-Kalimantan, Dilema Sebuah Jalan". Kompas (in Indonesian). Retrieved 19 October 2017.
- ^ Alsadad Rudi (22 July 2017). "Menjajal Perjalanan Darat ke Malaysia". Kompas.com. Retrieved 29 April 2018.