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The tomb of Jesse and Ruth (Hebrew: קבר ישי ורות, romanized: Kever Yishai v'Rut) is an ancient tomb with a small Jewish synagogue, located within the ruin of Deir Al Arba'een in the Tel Rumeida section of Hebron, in the State of Palestine. In the Jewish tradition, the tomb of Jesse and Ruth and considered to be sacred sites.[1] The place is in area H2 of Hebron, under Israeli control.
| Tomb of Jesse and Ruth | |
|---|---|
Hebrew: קבר ישי ורות | |
 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Judaism |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | Deir Al Arba'een, Hebron, West Bank |
| Country | State of Palestine |
  Location of the ancient tomb and synagogue in the West Bank | |
| Geographic coordinates | 31°31′24″N 35°06′13″E / 31.52346°N 35.10372°E |
| Tomb of Jesse and Ruth | |
| Alternative name |
|
| Type | Tomb |
The small synagogue is located in the room adjacent to the tomb and it receives visitors throughout the year, especially on the Jewish holiday of Shavuot, in which the Book of Ruth is read.[2]
History
editMamluk period
editOne of the earliest known references to the tomb comes from an unnamed student of the Ramban who visited the site between 1289 and 1290. He wrote of visiting the "cave of Jesse's grave" on a hilltop near the Cave of Machpela and the ancient Jewish Cemetery of Hebron.[3] Yaakov HaShaliach, a Jewish traveller, mentions visiting the grave of Jesse, father of David in Hebron in the year 1235, but he does not specify the burial place.[4] Rabbi Ovadia of Bertinoro (1445-1515) mentions praying there in his travel writings.[5]
Ottoman era
editIn 1522, Rabbi Moses ben Mordecai Bassola wrote,
"… at the summit of the mountain opposite Hebron is the burial place of Jesse, David's father. It has a handsome building with a small window that looks down on the burial cave. They say that once they threw a cat through the window and it emerged from the hole in the Cave of the Patriarchs. The distance between them is half a mile."[6]
Yihus HaAvos V'Neviim (Lineage of the Patriarch and the Prophets) a book from 1537 refers to the site as "a handsome building up on the mount, where Jesse, the King David's father is buried." It includes a drawing of the site, and notes an "ancient Israelite burial ground" nearby and Crusader courtyard.[citation needed]
Karaite travellers wrote of the site, Samuel ben David of Crimea in 1642,[7] and Benjamin Ben-Eliyahu in 1785.[citation needed] The first known written reference to the site housing the tomb of both Jesse and Ruth comes from the 1835 book Love of Jerusalem by Haim Horwitz, referencing local oral traditions.[citation needed]
Menachem Mendel of Kamenitz wrote in 1839,
"Here I write of the graves of the righteous to which I paid my respects. Hebron – Described above is the character and order of behavior of those coming to pray at the Cave of ha-Machpelah. I went there, between the stores, over the grave of Abner ben Ner and was required to pay a Yishmaeli – the grave was in his courtyard – to allow me to enter. Outside of the city I went to the grave of Othniel ben Kenaz and, next to him, are laid to rest 9 students in niches in the wall of a shelter standing in a vineyard. I gave 20 pa’res to the owner of the vineyard. Also in the vineyard was a shelter with 2 graves: one of Jesse, father of David, and one of Ruth, the Moabite. I gave the vineyard owner 20 pa’res. I also went to a grave said to be that of the Righteous Rav, author of Reshit Hokhma."[8]
British Mandate
editLouis-Hugues Vincent (1872-1960), a French monk and archaeologist who lived in Jerusalem, discusses the site in his two-volume work Hebron in 1923.[citation needed] In 1935, Zev Vilnay wrote that visitors were required to pay to access the site, and that it once connected to the Tomb of Machpela but was filled in during the First World War and the entrance was now unknown.[citation needed] Archaeologist Jacob Pinkerfield (1897–1956) visited the site and wrote about it in his 1945/46 book The Synagogues in Eretz Yisra'el.[citation needed]
Post-1967
editIn the 1970s, Prof. Ben Zion Tavger (1930 - 1983) excavated the site, and it was reopened to the public.[citation needed] The site was renovated in 2009.[9]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Lehrs, Lior (2013). "Political holiness: negotiating holy places in Eretz Israel/Palestine, 1937-2003". In Breger, Marshall J.; Reiter, Yitzhak; Hammer, Leonard (eds.). Sacred Space in Israel and Palestine: Religion and Politics. Routledge. pp. 228–249. ISBN 978-1-136-49034-7 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Converts pay homage to Ruth at her Hebron tomb". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
- ^ Yaari, Avraham (1946). "Masot Almoni Talmid HaRamban". Masot Eretz Yisrael. Tel Aviv. p. 88 – via Hebrew Books.
- ^ Eisenstein, Julius (1926). "Otzar Masa'oth" [An anthology of itineraries by Jewish travellers] (in Hebrew). p. 68 – via Hebrew Books.
- ^ "Iggeret R' Ovadiah Yare meBartenura mirushalayim le'aviv, 1488". Igrot Eretz Yisrael (in French). Tel Aviv. 1946. p. 126 – via Hebrew Books.
- ^ "In Zion and Jerusalem: The Itinerary of Rabbi Moses Basola (1521–1523)" (PDF). p. 148. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016.
- ^ Wilensky, Mordecai L. (1972). "Rabbi Elijah Afeda Baghi and the Karaite Community of Jerusalem". Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research. 40: 109–146. doi:10.2307/3622420. JSTOR 3622420.
- ^ Boim, Menachem Mendel (of Kamenetz) (1839). "Korot HaItim Liyshurun BeEretz Yisrael". Ben Yehuda. Vilna.
- ^ "Cleaning Ruth & Yishai's Tomb". Israel National News. May 28, 2009.
Further reading
edit- Auerbach, Jerold S. (July 15, 2009). Hebron Jews: Memory and Conflict in the Land of Israel. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9780742566156.