The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Monrovia, Liberia.
19th century
edit- 1822
- April: Settlement of Christopolis established by the American Colonization Society in Pepper Coast area.[1]
- Providence Baptist Church founded.[2][1][2]
- 1824 - Settlement renamed "Monrovia" named after United States president James Monroe.[3]
- 1826 - Liberia Herald newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1839 - Monrovia Seminary founded.
- 1847
- June 25: Constitutional Convention held in Monrovia to discuss creation of the state of Liberia.[1]
- July 26: Monrovia becomes part of newly formed Republic of Liberia.[1]
- October 5: First Liberian general election held.
- Monrovia becomes seat of newly formed Montserrado County.
- 1853 - Photographer Augustus Washington in business.
- 1862 - Supreme Court building constructed.[4]
- 1863
- Liberia College opens.
- Trinity Church consecrated.[3]
- 1867 - Masonic Order of Liberia organized in Monrovia.
- 1872 - January 1: Inauguration of Liberian president Joseph Roberts (second term).[5]
- 1890s - Masonic Temple (Monrovia) built.
- 1892 - Arthur Barclay becomes mayor.
20th century
edit- 1904 - College of West Africa active.
- 1918 - Battle of Monrovia.
- 1920 - Population: 6,000 (estimate).[6]
- 1940s - West Point settlement formed.
- 1940 - Population: 12,000.[2]
- 1943 - Invincible Eleven football club formed.
- 1945 - Gbarnga-Monrovia highway constructed.[4]
- 1947 - Centennial Pavilion erected.
- 1948 - Freeport of Monrovia begins operating on nearby Bushrod Island.
- 1951
- Liberia Chamber of Commerce headquartered in city.[7]
- University of Liberia active.
- 1954
- University's Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law opens.
- Monrovia Elementary School built.(de)
- 1956 - Nathan C. Ross becomes mayor.[8]
- 1958 - Capitol building constructed.[9]
- 1960 - Ducor Hotel in business.
- 1961 - September: Labor strike held.[1]
- 1962
- Liberian National Museum established on Providence Island.[4]
- Population: 80,992.[10]
- 1964
- Executive Mansion (presidential residence) built.[9]
- National Cultural Centre created in nearby Kendeja, Paynesville.[4]
- 1965 - Temple of Justice built.
- 1970s - Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia) built over Saint Paul River.[citation needed]
- 1970 - Population: 96,226.[11]
- 1971 - John F. Kennedy Medical Center opens.
- 1974 - Seat of Montserrado County moved from Monrovia to Bensonville.
- 1976 - People's Bridge built over Mesurado River.
- 1977 - Liberian Center for National Documents and Records headquartered in Monrovia.
- 1979
- July: Organisation of African Unity meeting held at Hotel Africa in nearby Virginia.
- "Civil unrest."[12]
- 1980
- April 12: 1980 Liberian coup d'état; president Tolbert assassinated in the Presidential Palace. Subsequent unrest occurs.[12]
- Monrovia Black Star FC (football club) formed.
- 1981 - Liberian Observer newspaper begins publication.
- 1984 - Population: 421,053.[13]
- 1986 - Samuel Kanyon Doe Sports Complex opens.
- 1990
- May 13: Barclay Training Center besieged on Capitol Hill during the First Liberian Civil War.
- July: Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia "seized control in part of the capital."[1]
- July: Massacre at St. Peter's Lutheran church in Sinkor.[14]
- August 24: Peacekeeping forces of Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group begin operating.[12]
- September 9: Assassination of president Doe.[12]
- 1997 - STAR radio begins broadcasting.
- 1998 - 1998 Monrovia clashes.[12]
- 1999 - Red Cross Monument (Monrovia) erected on Broad Street.[citation needed]
- 2000 - Daily Talk news chalkboard launched.
21st century
edit- 2001 - Ophelia Hoff Saytumah becomes mayor.
- 2003
- April: Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace begins demonstrating.
- July 18–August 14: Siege of Monrovia occurs during the Second Liberian Civil War.[15]
- 2004 - October: "Riots in Monrovia."[15]
- 2006 - July: Government "switches on generator-powered street lights in the capital, which has been without electricity for 15 years."[15]
- 2008 - Population: 970,824 urban agglomeration.[16]
- 2009 - Mary Broh becomes mayor.
- 2011 - Zolu-Duma-Bridge built.
- 2012 - Coconut Plantation settlement razed.[17]
- 2013 - Henry Reed Cooper becomes mayor.
- 2014
- Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia occurs.
- Clara Doe-Mvogo becomes mayor.
- 2015 - George M. Weah becomes Senator of Montserrado County.
- 2017 - George M. Weah elected president.
- 2018 - First Presidential transition occurred since 1944.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e "Liberia". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. pp. 228–234. ISBN 0203409957.
- ^ a b c D. Elwood Dunn; et al. (2001). Historical Dictionary of Liberia (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4616-5931-0.
- ^ "History of Liberia: A Time Line". Washington DC: U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
- ^ a b c Girma Kidane (1982), Liberia: the National Museum (PDF), Technical Report, Unesco
- ^ "Inauguration Day at Monrovia", African Repository, vol. 48, Washington DC: American Colonization Society, 1872, hdl:2027/mdp.39015027750564,
From the (Liberia) Lone Star
- ^ "Liberia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ "Liberia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.
- ^ Haiti Sun, Port-au-Prince, September 16, 1962, p. 6 – via University of Florida
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
- ^ a b "Monrovia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
- ^ a b c d e Zeleza 2003.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.
- ^ Troops massacre 600: Monrovia, Liberia, United Press International, July 30, 1990
- ^ a b c "Liberia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 10 June 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
- ^ "Demolitions ravage Liberia neighbourhoods", Aljazeera.com, August 27, 2012
- This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.
Bibliography
edit- Johann Büttikofer (2013) [1890]. "Monrovia". In Henk Dop; Phillip Robinson (eds.). Travel Sketches from Liberia: Johann Büttikofer's 19th Century Rainforest Explorations in West Africa. Brill. pp. 35–54. ISBN 978-90-04-23630-1. (written in 1870s-1880s). 1890 German edition
- Merran Fraenkel (1964). Tribe and Class in Monrovia. London. OCLC 3061240.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Monrovia, Liberia". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
- Kevin Shillington, ed. (2005). "Monrovia". Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
- Danny Hoffman (2007). "City as Barracks: Freetown, Monrovia, and the Organization of Violence in Postcolonial African Cities". Cultural Anthropology. 22 (3): 400–428. doi:10.1525/can.2007.22.3.400. JSTOR 4497779.
- Urcun Aude; et al. (2010). "Gouvernance 'non souveraine' et régulation des services de l'eau à Monrovia (Liberia)". Revue Tiers Monde (in French). 203 (203): 159. doi:10.3917/rtm.203.0159 – via Cairn.info.
- Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2010). "Monrovia". Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195337709.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Monrovia.
- "(Monrovia)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
- "(Monrovia)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
- "(Monrovia)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
- Items related to Monrovia, various dates (via Europeana) (Images, etc.)
- Items related to Monrovia, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America) (Images, etc.)
- "Monrovia, Liberia". BlackPast.org. United States. 8 October 2014.
- U.S. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs division. Images related to Monrovia