The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Prior to 19th century
edit- 35 BCE - Emona, a Roman castrum (fort), founded by emperor Augustus.[1]
- 400 - Emona besieged by Alaric I.[1]
- 451 - Emona desolated by the Huns.[1]
- 900 - Laibach suffered from the Magyars.[1]
- 11th C. - Construction of Ljubljana Castle probably started.[1]
- 12th C. - Duchy of Carinthia in power.[1]
- 1270 – Ottokar II of Bohemia in power.[2][1]
- 1277 – Habsburgs in power.[1]
- 1335 – Town becomes capital of Carniola, province of the Holy Roman Empire.[2]
- 1370 – St. Bartholomew's Church first mentioned.
- 1461 – Roman Catholic diocese of Laibach established.[3][1]
- 1484 – Town Hall built.
- 1504 – Janez Lantheri becomes first elected mayor.[2]
- 1511 – 1511 Idrija earthquake.[2]
- 1536 – Protestant Latin school established.[2]
- 1599 – Jesuit school established.[2]
- 1622 – 5 May: 1622 Slovenia earthquake.
- 1658 – Auersperg Palace, Ljubljana built.
- 1660 – Franciscan Church of the Annunciation built.
- 1693 – Academia Operosorum Labacensium founded.[4]
- 1701 – Academia Philharmonicorum Labacensis founded.[4]
- 1703 – Tivoli Castle built.
- 1707 – St. Nicholas's Cathedral rebuilt.[1]
- 1719 – Town Hall, Baroque renovation completed
- 1747 – Visitation of Mary Church built.
- 1751 – Robba Fountain installed in the Town Square.
- 1755 – Cekin Mansion built.
- 1767 – Society of Agriculture and the Useful Arts in the Duchy of Carniola founded.[5]
- 1777 – Gruber Palace built.
- 1778 – Laibacher Zeitung German-language newspaper begins publication.
- 1780 – Gruber Canal constructed (approximate date).[2]
- 1797 – Town occupied by French forces.[1]
19th century
edit- 1809 – Town occupied by French forces again.[2][1]
- 1810 – Botanical Garden established.[6]
- 1813 – French occupation ends.[2]
- 1816 - Laibach was the capital of the Kingdom of Illyria (to 1849).[1]
- 1821
- January–May: International Congress of Laibach held in Laibach.[2][1]
- Congress Square laid out.
- Estate Museum of Carniola founded.
- 1837 – Casino Building constructed.
- 1842 – Franz's Bridge built.[7]
- 1848 – Railway station built.
- 1849 – Vienna-Laibach railroad begins operating.[4]
- 1857 – Trieste-Laibach railway built.[2]
- 1861 – Gas lighting installed.[2]
- 1867 – Hradecky Bridge built.
- 1869 – Population: 22,593.[2]
- 1871 – Tobačna Ljubljana (tobacco factory) begins operating.[8]
- 1889 – Vodnik statue erected in Vodnik Square.
- 1890
- 1892 – Provincial Theatre built.
- 1895 – 14 April: Earthquake.[1]
- 1897 – Central Pharmacy built.
- 1898 – Kresija Palace built.
- 1899 – Government Palace built.
- 1900 - Population: 36,547.[1]
20th century
edit- 1901
- Tram begins operating.[2]
- Dragon Bridge built.
- 1903 – Jek Bridge rebuilt.
- 1905
- Grand Hotel Union built.
- Prešeren Monument erected on Prešeren Square.
- 1907 – Mladika built.
- 1908 – Slovene Philharmonic Orchestra active.
- 1911 – Theatre built on Erjavec Street.[1]
- 1918
- City becomes part of the newly established Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.[2]
- National Gallery of Slovenia founded.[2]
- St. Peter's Bridge rebuilt.
- 1919
- University of Ljubljana[4] and Ljubljana Music Conservatory founded.
- Ljubljana National Drama Theatre in use.
- Population: 60,000.[10]
- 1923 – Palace Theatre built.[11]
- 1930 – July: Honorary Consulate of Poland opened.[12]
- 1933 – Nebotičnik hi-rise built.[13]
- 1935 – City Museum of Ljubljana established.
- 1937 – Hotel Slon on Čop Street rebuilt.
- 1938 – Academy of Sciences and Arts founded.[4]
- 1939
- Ljubljana Central Market built.
- Academy of Music active.
- 1941
- April: City annexed by Italy.[14]
- April: Honorary Consulate of Poland closed.[12]
- National and University Library of Slovenia building constructed.[13]
- 1942 – "Occupiers surrounded Ljubljana with a 30-kilometre barb wire fence."[2]
- 1943 – German occupation begins.[2]
- 1945
- Occupation ends.[2]
- Academy of Theatre established.
- Ljubljanica Sluice Gate built.
- 1951
- Ljubljana trolleybus begins operating.
- Dnevnik newspaper begins publication.[15]
- 1953 – Population: 138,211.[16]
- 1955 – Biennial of Graphic Arts (Ljubljana) begins.
.jpg)
- 1959 – Exhibition and Convention Centre (Ljubljana) built.
- 1965
- Tivoli Hall (arena) opens in Tivoli City Park.
- SKB bank established.(sl)
- 1966 – OHO (art group) formed.[13]
- 1971
- City bus service no. 1 (Ljubljana) begins operating.
- Population: 173,853 city; 213,298 urban agglomeration.[17]
- 1975 - Ljubljana University Medical Centre opened.
- 1982 – Cankar Hall built.
- 1984 – Druga godba music festival begins.
- 1985 – Trail of Remembrance and Comradeship created.
- 1990 – Ljubljana International Film Festival begins.
- 1991
- 25 June: Ljubljana designated capital of newly declared independent Slovenia.[2]
- 27 June: Airport bombed by Yugoslav People's Army.[14]
- Slovenske novice newspaper begins publication.[18]
- 1993 – Prule Bridge built.
- 1999 – General Maister Monument (Brdar) erected.
21st century
edit- 2001
- 2004 – May: Slovenia becomes part of the European Union.[2]
- 2005
- 2006
- Filofest of student films begins.
- Zoran Janković becomes mayor.
- 2010 – City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
- 2011 – "Tito Street" issue decided.
- 2012 – November: Anti-austerity 2012–13 Slovenian protests begin.[19]
- 2014 – Population: 277,554.
See also
edit- Ljubljana history
- Timeline of Ljubljana (in Slovenian)
- Other names of Ljubljana, e.g. Laibach, Laybach, Lubiana
- List of mayors of Ljubljana
- Timeline of Slovenian history
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "History of Ljubljana". Municipality of Ljubljana. Archived from the original on 8 September 2015. Retrieved 30 November 2015. (includes timeline)
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Slovenia". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ a b c d e Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj; Carole Rogel (2007). A to Z of Slovenia (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8108-7216-5.
- ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ "Garden Search: Slovenia". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ Costa 1848.
- ^ "Tobacco Museum". City Museum of Ljubljana. Municipality of Ljubljana. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ "Austria-Hungary: Austria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550.
- ^ "Serb, Croat and Slovene State". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ a b "Movie Theaters in Ljubljana, Slovenia". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ a b Ceranka, Paweł; Szczepanik, Krzysztof (2020). Urzędy konsularne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1918–1945. Informator archiwalny (in Polish). Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. p. 228. ISBN 978-83-65681-93-5.
- ^ a b c "Balkan Peninsula, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ a b "Slovenia". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. pp. 234+. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3.
- ^ Europa Publications (2003). "Slovenia". Central and South-Eastern Europe 2004. Europa Publications. ISBN 978-1-85743-186-5.
- ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Michael Biggins; Janet Crayne, eds. (2000). Publishing in Yugoslavia's Successor States. New York: Haworth Press. ISBN 978-0-7890-1046-9.
- ^ a b "Slovenia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 2 May 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
Bibliography
edit
in English
edit- George Henry Townsend (1877), "Laybach, Austria", Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co., hdl:2027/wu.89097349427
- David Kay (1880), "Provinces and Principal Towns: Carniola: Laibach", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
- "Laibach". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7zk5ms79.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Laibach". Handbook for Travellers in South Germany and Austria (15th ed.). London: J. Murray. 1903.
- Phillips, Walter Alison (1910). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 82–83.
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Laybach, Illyria", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
- "Laibach", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
- Jörg Stabenow (2009). "Ljubljana". In Emily Gunzburger Makas; Tanja Damljanovic Conley (eds.). Capital Cities in the Aftermath of Empires: Planning in Central and Southeastern Europe. Routledge. pp. 223–240. ISBN 978-1-135-16725-7.
in other languages
edit- Heinrich Costa [in Slovenian] (1848). "Laibach". Reiseerinnerungen aus Krain [Travels in Carniola] (in German). Ljubljana: Eger.
- "Laibach". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 10 (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1908. hdl:2027/njp.32101064064569.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Ljubljana.
- Items related to Ljubljana, various dates (via Europeana).
- Items related to Ljubljana, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).