Tilletia barclayana is a plant pathogen that infects rice, signalgrass, pearl millet, and crabgrass. The pathogen corrupts the crops it infects, causing black busts to appear on the crops, which then become discolored and smutted.[1][2][3]
| Tilletia barclayana | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Exobasidiomycetes |
| Order: | Tilletiales |
| Family: | Tilletiaceae |
| Genus: | Tilletia |
| Species: | T. barclayana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Tilletia barclayana (Bref.) Sacc. & P. Syd., (1899)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Neovossia barclayana Bref., (1895) | |
History
editTilletia barclayana can live up to 2 years or more while in a host, and is found largely worldwide. Although the origin of the pathogen is unknown, it was first reported in the 1980s.[1][3][4]
Impact
editTilletia barclayana spreads between nearby plants, leading to an increased loss. Due to this impact scientists are attempting to make these crops more resistant to the pathogen. As of now, the main method of controlling the pathogen is by pulling the infected crops directly from the ground.[1][2]
Control
editOut of salicylic acid and plant extracts of Ammi visnaga, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Artemisia judaica, Mentha viridis, Syzygium aromaticum and Eucalyptus globulus, M. viridis and S. aromaticum were most effective in prevention of T. barclayana infection.[5] All the tested solutions did provide some level of protection however.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b c ""Plantwise Technical Factsheet." Black Smut of Rice (Tilletia Barclayana)". Plantwise. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
- ^ a b Babadoost, M.; Mathre, D. E. (1998). "A Method for Extraction and Enumeration of Teliospores of Tilletia indica, T. controversa, and T. barclayana in Soil". Plant Disease. 82 (12). American Phytopathological Society: 1357–1361. doi:10.1094/pdis.1998.82.12.1357. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 30845469.
- ^ a b Pimentel, Guillermo; Carris, Lori M.; Levy, Laurene; Meyer, Robert J. (1998). "Genetic Variability among Isolates of Tilletia barclayana, T. indica and Allied Species". Mycologia. 90 (6). Taylor & Francis, Ltd.: 1017. doi:10.2307/3761275. ISSN 0027-5514. JSTOR 3761275.
- ^ Elshafey, Rabie A.S. (2018-10-10). "Biology of rice kernel smut disease causal organism Tilletia barclayana and its molecular identification". Journal of Phytopathology and Pest Management: 108–128. eISSN 2356-6507. ISSN 2356-8577. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
- ^ a b El-kazzaz, Mohamed Kamal; Salem, Essa Ahmed; Ghoneim, Kamal Elsayed; Elsharkawy, Mohsen Mohamed; El-Kot, Gabr Abd El-wanees Nasr; Kalboush, Zeinab Abd Elnaby (2015-05-09). "Integrated control of rice kernel smut disease using plant extracts and salicylic acid". Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 48 (8): 664–675. doi:10.1080/03235408.2015.1092202. ISSN 0323-5408. S2CID 84065030.
Further reading
edit- Reyes, G.M. (January 1933). "The black smut or bunt of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Philippines". Philippine Journal of Agriculture. 4: 241-270. OCLC 5151224.
- Kameswar Row, K.V.S.R. (1962). "Incidence of 'bunt' disease on rice". Science and Culture. 28: 534-535.
- Chauhan, L.S.; Verma, S.C. (1964). "Bunt resistance paddy varieties in Uttar Pradesh". Science and Culture. 30: 201.
- Cartwright, RD; Lee, FN; Parsons, CE; Ross, WJ; Vann, SR; Overton, R (1999). "Monitoring of rice disease and on-farm evaluation of rice varieties in Arkansas". In Norman, R.J.; Johnston, T.H. (eds.). B.R. Research Series 468. Fayetteville: Arkansas Agriculture Experimental Station. pp. 148–156.
- Akhtar, M.A.; Sarwar, M (1987). "Incidence of rice kernel smut in Pakistan". Pakistan Agricultural Research Council. International Rice Research Newsletter. 12: 15-16.
- Gill, KS; Sharma, I; Aujla, SS (1993). Karnal bunt and wheat production. Ludhiana: Punjab Agricultural University.
- Kumar, I; Kang, M.S.; Saini, S.S. (1978). "Fertilizer levels and incidence of bunt disease in rice in India". International Rice Research Newsletter. 3: 5.
External links
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