Thomas Thynne (died 1682)

Thomas Thynne (1647/8–12 February 1682) was an English landowner of the family that is now headed by the Marquess of Bath and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1670 to 1682. He went by the nickname "Tom of Ten Thousand" due to his great wealth. He was a friend of the Duke of Monmouth, a relationship referred to in John Dryden's satirical work Absalom and Achitophel where Thynne is described as "Issachar, his wealthy western friend".

Thomas Thynne. Mezzotint by Alexander Brown, ca. 1680–84, after Sir Peter Lely

Thynne was the son of Sir Thomas Thynne, and his wife Stuarta Balquanquill, daughter of Dr. Walter Balquanquill.^[1] His father was a younger son of Sir Thomas Thynne of Longleat, Wiltshire. In 1670 Thynne succeeded to the family estates at Longleat on the death of his uncle Sir James Thynne without issue. He also succeeded his uncle as Member of Parliament for Wiltshire, and sat until his death in 1682.

On 15 November 1681 Thynne married the wealthy Lady Elizabeth Percy, only child of Joceline Percy, 11th Earl of Northumberland, who was then aged 14. The couple were married less than a year.

Death

Thynne was murdered on 12 February 1682 after the Swedish Count Karl Johann von Königsmark began to pursue his wife. Count Karl von Königsmark was the brother of Count Philip Christoph von Königsmarck who disappeared under mysterious circumstances in the state of Hanover in Germany in 1694, possibly murdered by order of the future British monarch George I, with whose wife, Sophia Dorothea of Celle, he was having a notorious affair.

Thynne was shot while riding in his coach in Pall Mall, London, by three men, Christopher Vratz, John Stern and Charles George Borosky. It was strongly suspected that they were acting on the orders of Königsmark and the four were soon arrested, Vratz being captured by Sir John Reresby hiding at the house of a Swedish doctor in Leicester Fields (modern Leicester Square).^[2] Königsmark however was acquitted of the charge of being an accessory before the fact (due to the corruption of the jury according to diarist John Evelyn) but Vratz, Stern and Borosky were hanged on 10 March 1682.

Thynne's remains were interred in a marble tomb in Westminster Abbey. The tomb which was sculpted by Arnold Quellin, is decorated in part with a representation of the murder of Thynne in 1682. A popular ballad summed up the episode in form of a mock epitaph:

Here lies Tom Thynne of Longleat Hall
Who ne'er would have miscarried;
Had he married the woman he slept withal
Or slept with the woman he married.

After Thynne's death, his widow, Lady Elizabeth, married Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset.

Family tree summary for the Thynnes of Longleat from about 1500^[3]

Ralph Botevile^[4]

Thomas Thynne^[4]

William Thynne^[4]^[5]
d. 1546

John Thynne of Longleat^[6]
c. 1515–1580

Francis Thynne^[5]
c. 1544–1608

John Thynneof Longleat^[7]
1555–1604

Charles Thynne^[8]
c. 1568–1652

Thomas Thynne of Longleat^[9]
c. 1578–1639

Baronet of Caus Castle, of Kempsford in the County of Gloucester, 1641

James of Longleat^[10]
1605–1670

Thomas of Richmond^[11]
d. 1669

Henry Frederick Thynne
1615–1680
1st Baronet of Kempsford

Baron Thynne, 1680
Viscount Weymouth, 1682

Thomas of Longleat,^[12]
1648–1682

Thomas Thynne^[13]
1640–1714
inherited Longleat, 1682
1st Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
2nd Baronet of Kempsford

James Thynne of Buckland
d. 1709

Henry Thynne Frederick
d. 1705

unmarried

Henry Thynne^[14]
1675–1708

Thomas Thynne d. 1710

two daughters but no sons

Thomas Thynne^[15]
1710–1751
2nd Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
3rd Baronet of Kempsford

Marquess of Bath, 1789

Baron Carteret (2nd creation), 1784

Thomas Thynne^[16]
1734–1796
1st Marquess of Bath,
3rd Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
4th Baronet of Kempsford

Henry Carteret^[17]
1735–1826
1st Baron Carteret

Thomas Thynne^[18]
1765–1837
2nd Marquess of Bath,
4th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
5th Baronet of Kempsford

George Thynne
1770–1838
2nd Baron Carteret

John Thynne
1772–1849
3rd Baron Carteret

Baron Carteret extinct, 1849

Henry Thynne
^[19]
1797–1837
3rd Marquess of Bath,
5th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
6th Baronet of Kempsford

Edward Thynne
1807–1884

Lady Charlotte Anne Thynne
1811–1895
marr.: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, Duke of Buccleuch and had issue.

John Thynne^[20]
1831–1896
4th Marquess of Bath,
6th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
7th Baronet of Kempsford

Henry Thynne
1832–1904

Thomas Thynne
1862–1946
5th Marquess of Bath,
7th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
8th Baronet of Kempsford

Ulric Oliver Thynne
1871–1957

Henry Thynne
1905–1992
6th Marquess of Bath,
8th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
9th Baronet of Kempsford

Thomas Timothy Thynne
1929–1930

Alexander George Thynn
1930–2020
7th Marquess of Bath,
9th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
10th Baronet of Kempsford

Christopher John Thynne
1934–2017

Valentine Charles Thynne
1937–1979

Ceawlin Thynn
b. 1974
8th Marquess of Bath,
10th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
11th Baronet of Kempsford

Lucien Henry Valentine Thynne
b. 1965

John Alexander Ladi Thynn
b. 2014
styled Viscount Weymouth

References

^ Charles Mosley, ed., Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition (Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1999), vol. 1, p. 212
^ "Leicester Square, West Side: Leicester Estate, Nos 43-54 Leicester Square Pages 507-514 Survey of London: Volumes 33 and 34, St Anne Soho". British History Online. LCC 1966. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
^ Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243
^ ^a ^b ^c Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.
^ ^a ^b Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
^ Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.
^ Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Marshall, Alan (2008) [2004]. "Thynne, Thomas [nicknamed Tom of Ten Thousand] (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.
^ "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

Marshall, Alan (2004). "Alan Marshall, 'Thynne, Thomas (1647/8–1682)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. Retrieved 13 June 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Browning, Andrew (1996). English Historical Documents, 1660-1714: 1660-1714 V.6 By Andrew Browning. ISBN 9780415143714. Retrieved 13 June 2008.

Parliament of England
Preceded by Sir James Thynne Henry Hyde	Member of Parliament for Wiltshire 1670–1682 With: Henry Hyde Sir Richard Howe, 2nd Baronet Sir Walter St John, 3rd Baronet	Succeeded by Viscount Cornbury Viscount Bruce

[1] Charles Mosley, ed., Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition (Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1999), vol. 1, p. 212

[sol-2] "Leicester Square, West Side: Leicester Estate, Nos 43-54 Leicester Square Pages 507-514 Survey of London: Volumes 33 and 34, St Anne Soho". British History Online. LCC 1966. Retrieved 28 December 2022.

[3] Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243

[woodfall-4] Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.

[lee-5] Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[6] Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)

[7] Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[8] Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[9] Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.

[10] Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[11] Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[12] Marshall, Alan (2008) [2004]. "Thynne, Thomas [nicknamed Tom of Ten Thousand] (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[13] Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[14] Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[15] Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.

[16] "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[17] Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[18] "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[19] Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[20] "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

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