TAF2

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF2 gene.

TAF2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 5FUR
Identifiers
Aliases	TAF2, CIF150, MRT40, TAF2B, TAFII150, TATA-box binding protein associated factor 2
External IDs	OMIM: 604912; MGI: 2443028; HomoloGene: 31137; GeneCards: TAF2; OMA:TAF2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human) Band 8q24.12 Start 119,730,774 bp End 119,832,863 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse) Band 15|15 D1 Start 54,878,527 bp End 54,935,548 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell Achilles tendon corpus epididymis tail of epididymis Epithelium of choroid plexus ventricular zone caput epididymis skin of hip epithelium of nasopharynx germinal epithelium Top expressed in hand genital tubercle tail of embryo Gonadal ridge superior cervical ganglion spermatocyte otolith organ utricle mandibular prominence maxillary prominence More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function sequence-specific DNA binding chromatin binding protein binding TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity Cellular component transcription factor TFTC complex transcription factor TFIID complex nucleoplasm nucleus Biological process regulation of transcription, DNA-templated response to organic cyclic compound transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6873 319944 Ensembl ENSG00000064313 ENSMUSG00000037343 UniProt Q6P1X5 Q8C176 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003184 NM_001081288 NM_177040 RefSeq (protein) NP_003175 NP_001074757 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 119.73 – 119.83 Mb Chr 15: 54.88 – 54.94 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the larger subunits of TFIID that is stably associated with the TFIID complex. It contributes to interactions at and downstream of the transcription initiation site, interactions that help determine transcription complex response to activators.

Further reading

• Comai L, Zomerdijk JC, Beckmann H, et al. (1995). "Reconstitution of transcription factor SL1: exclusive binding of TBP by SL1 or TFIID subunits". Science. 266 (5193): 1966–72. doi:10.1126/science.7801123. PMID 7801123.
• Zhou Q, Sharp PA (1995). "Novel mechanism and factor for regulation by HIV-1 Tat". EMBO J. 14 (2): 321–8. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07006.x. PMC 398086. PMID 7835343.
• Parada CA, Yoon JB, Roeder RG (1995). "A novel LBP-1-mediated restriction of HIV-1 transcription at the level of elongation in vitro". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (5): 2274–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.5.2274. PMID 7836461.
• Ou SH, Garcia-Martínez LF, Paulssen EJ, Gaynor RB (1994). "Role of flanking E box motifs in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TATA element function". J. Virol. 68 (11): 7188–99. doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.7188-7199.1994. PMC 237158. PMID 7933101.
• Kashanchi F, Piras G, Radonovich MF, et al. (1994). "Direct interaction of human TFIID with the HIV-1 transactivator tat". Nature. 367 (6460): 295–9. Bibcode:1994Natur.367..295K. doi:10.1038/367295a0. PMID 8121496. S2CID 4362048.
• Wang Z, Morris GF, Rice AP, et al. (1996). "Wild-type and transactivation-defective mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein bind human TATA-binding protein in vitro". J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 12 (2): 128–38. doi:10.1097/00042560-199606010-00005. PMID 8680883.
• Pendergrast PS, Morrison D, Tansey WP, Hernandez N (1996). "Mutations in the carboxy-terminal domain of TBP affect the synthesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 full-length and short transcripts similarly". J. Virol. 70 (8): 5025–34. doi:10.1128/JVI.70.8.5025-5034.1996. PMC 190456. PMID 8764009.
• Kashanchi F, Khleif SN, Duvall JF, et al. (1996). "Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat with a unique site of TFIID inhibits negative cofactor Dr1 and stabilizes the TFIID-TFIIA complex". J. Virol. 70 (8): 5503–10. doi:10.1128/JVI.70.8.5503-5510.1996. PMC 190508. PMID 8764062.
• Zhou Q, Sharp PA (1996). "Tat-SF1: cofactor for stimulation of transcriptional elongation by HIV-1 Tat". Science. 274 (5287): 605–10. Bibcode:1996Sci...274..605Z. doi:10.1126/science.274.5287.605. PMID 8849451. S2CID 13266489.
• García-Martínez LF, Ivanov D, Gaynor RB (1997). "Association of Tat with purified HIV-1 and HIV-2 transcription preinitiation complexes". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (11): 6951–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.11.6951. PMID 9054383.
• Martinez E, Kundu TK, Fu J, Roeder RG (1998). "A human SPT3-TAFII31-GCN5-L acetylase complex distinct from transcription factor IID". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (37): 23781–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.37.23781. PMID 9726987.
• Brand M, Yamamoto K, Staub A, Tora L (1999). "Identification of TATA-binding protein-free TAFII-containing complex subunits suggests a role in nucleosome acetylation and signal transduction". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (26): 18285–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.26.18285. PMID 10373431.
• Martin J, Halenbeck R, Kaufmann J (1999). "Human transcription factor hTAF(II)150 (CIF150) is involved in transcriptional regulation of cell cycle progression". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (8): 5548–56. doi:10.1128/mcb.19.8.5548. PMC 84407. PMID 10409744.
• Chalkley GE, Verrijzer CP (1999). "DNA binding site selection by RNA polymerase II TAFs: a TAF(II)250-TAF(II)150 complex recognizes the initiator". EMBO J. 18 (17): 4835–45. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.17.4835. PMC 1171555. PMID 10469661.
• Suzuki Y, Tsunoda T, Sese J, et al. (2001). "Identification and characterization of the potential promoter regions of 1031 kinds of human genes". Genome Res. 11 (5): 677–84. doi:10.1101/gr.gr-1640r. PMC 311086. PMID 11337467.
• Brand M, Moggs JG, Oulad-Abdelghani M, et al. (2001). "UV-damaged DNA-binding protein in the TFTC complex links DNA damage recognition to nucleosome acetylation". EMBO J. 20 (12): 3187–96. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.12.3187. PMC 150203. PMID 11406595.
• Martinez E, Palhan VB, Tjernberg A, et al. (2001). "Human STAGA complex is a chromatin-acetylating transcription coactivator that interacts with pre-mRNA splicing and DNA damage-binding factors in vivo". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (20): 6782–95. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.20.6782-6795.2001. PMC 99856. PMID 11564863.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.

External links

• TAF2+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q6P1X5 (Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 2) at the PDBe-KB.