The Swedish Friesian, Swedish: 'Svensk Låglandsboskap', often abbreviated to SLB, is a Swedish breed of dairy cattle. It was established in about 1870 from imports of cattle of Dutch Friesian or German Black Pied type. From about 1970 it has been systematically cross-bred with the American Holstein-Friesian breed, to the point that the original Swedish type may be extinct. The name Swedish Holstein may also be used.[3]: 307 It is a type of Swedish cattle breed.
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| Conservation status | FAO (2007): not at risk[1]: 112 |
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| Other names |
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| Country of origin | Sweden |
| Distribution | nationwide |
| Use | milk |
| Traits | |
| Weight | |
| Coat | black-and-white pied |
| Horn status | horned in both sexes |
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History
editThe Swedish Friesian or Svensk Låglandsboskap originated in about 1870 with imports of black-and-white pied dairy cattle of Dutch Friesian and German Black Pied type. A herd-book was established in 1880. The Svensk Låglandsboskap became the most numerous dairy breed in southern Sweden. Selective breeding in the 1940s and 1950s led to stock shorter in the leg and broader in the body than the original types. During the 1960s the breed spread through much of Sweden.[4] In 2001 the Svensk Låglandsboskap constituted 47% of the national dairy herd, fractionally less than the Swedish Red-and-White.[5]
In about 1970, importation to Sweden of semen from American Holstein-Friesian bulls began.[4] Between 1970 and 2005, the proportion of Holstein alleles in Swedish Friesian cows rose from 6% to more than 90%; in bulls the proportion rose even more.[6] The original Swedish Friesian type has become very rare,[4] and should perhaps be considered extinct.[7][6]
In 2008 two breeds were reported to DAD-IS: the Svensk Holstein or Swedish Holstein, with just over 400 000 registered cows; and the Svensk Låglandsboskap or Swedish Friesian, with 100 registered cows and a conservation status of "critical".[7][6] In 2014 the breed was reported as "Svensk låglandsboskap (holstein friesian)", with a population of just under 560 000.[2]
Characteristics
editThe coat of the Swedish Friesian is black-and-white pied.[8] Bulls weigh approximately 1200 kg, cows about 650 kg.[2]
Use
editThe Swedish Friesian is a dairy breed, kept principally for its milk.[8]
References
edit- ^ Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Accessed November 2016.
- ^ a b c d Breed data sheet: Svensk låglandsboskap (holstein friesian)/Sweden. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed November 2016.
- ^ Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
- ^ a b c Swedish Cattle Breeds. North European Cattle Diversity Project. Archived 18 March 2009.
- ^ [Swedish Board of Agriculture] (2002). Country report on animal genetic resources for food and agriculture in Sweden[permanent dead link], annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Accessed November 2016.
- ^ a b c R.C. Bett, K. Johansson, E. Zonabend, B. Malmfors, J. Ojango, M. Okeyo, J. Philipsson (2010). Trajectories of Evolution and Extinction in the Swedish Cattle Breeds. In: 9th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production: Proceedings; Leipzig, Germany; August 1–6, 2010. Leipzig: Gesellschaft für Tierzuchtwissenschaften. ISBN 9783000316081.
- ^ a b Rawlynce C. Bett, Mwai A. Okeyo, Birgitta Malmfors, Kjell Johansson, Morris Agaba, Donald R. Kugonza, A.K.F.H. Bhuiyan, Anibal E. Vercesi Filho, Arthur S. Mariante, Fidalis D. Mujibi, Jan Philipsson (2013). Cattle Breeds: Extinction or Quasi-Extant?. Resources 2 (3): 335–357. doi:10.3390/resources2030335.
- ^ a b Breed description: Swedish Holstein Friesian. Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover. Archived 9 November 2007.