The Swedes in Omaha, Nebraska are a long-standing ethnic group in the city with important economic, social, and political ties.[1]
History
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The first Swedes in Omaha came through Florence at the Winter Quarters of the Mormons. The group continued to come through, particularly with the construction of the Union Pacific railroad in the 1860s and the Union Pacific Railroad Omaha Shops Facility near downtown Omaha.[2] In 1871, a committee of Swedes came from Illinois to determine whether the Nebraska prairie was suitable for Swedish settlement and farming. When they did, this committee effectively ushered in an entirely new influence in the growth of the state. This led to a variety of towns being settled, including Stromsburg, Oakland, Pender, Wakefield, and Wausa. Other significant Swedish populations in Nebraska included Mead, Malmo, and Swedeburg. It also led to the development of Omaha's substantial Swedish population.[1][3]
Neighborhoods
editOmaha boasted an area of the city with such a heavy concentration of Swedes that it was called "Little Stockholm".[4][5] That early area was in the Near North Side neighborhood, bordered by 21st and 18th Streets, from Cass to Cumming Streets. Further north in the Kountze Place neighborhood was another area with "many Swedes, some of the 'better class'". Other professional people who were from Sweden lived in the Gifford Park neighborhood around 36th and Cass Streets.[6] The impact of Swedes on the North Omaha community may be present in the Vikings mascot of Omaha North High School. Josie McCullough, who grew up in the Near North Side during the late 1800s, wrote, "In that neighborhood Swedish, Bohemian, Italian, Irish and Negro children all contributed to the process of Americanization."[7] By 1930, Swedes made up more than 10 percent of Omaha's population.[8]
Institutions
editThere were a variety of Swedish institutions throughout Omaha, including religious, social, and economic facilities.
Churches
editSecond Baptist Church, originally built in 1889, was rebuilt in 1906 at South 26th and K Streets near South High. Swedish Salem Lutheran church on Vinton was the longest serving Omaha church with its original congregation, serving for more than 100 years from 1891 onwards. In 1922 the Trinity Lutheran Church at 30th Street and Redick Avenue in the Miller Park neighborhood of North Omaha was founded. These were both considered "children churches" of the original "mother churches", Immanuel Lutheran located at 17th and Cass, and the First Swedish Baptist Church. Other Swedish places of worship included First Swedish Methodist, Mission Covenant, Scandinavian Seventh Day Adventist, Holy Family Catholic, Trinity Episcopal, and Swedish Salvation Army. There was a notable corridor of Swedish churches along North 18th Street. The Immanuel congregation merged with its daughter, Zion, under the name Augustana Swedish Evangelical Lutheran in a building constructed at 36th and Lafayette Avenue near the Bemis Park neighborhood.[9] The church is the subject of the 1966 Academy Award-winning documentary A Time for Burning.[10]
Immanuel Hospital
editOn October 8, 1887, Reverend E.A. Fogelstrom and others organized the Evangelical Lutheran Immanuel Association for Works for Charity. In December 1890, the association completed construction of a hospital located at 36th and Meredith Streets in North Omaha. As the community's needs grew, a new hospital opened in 1910 in the same area, and a third hospital was built at the 36th and Meredith site in 1926. In the 1950s, a six-story addition to the hospital doubled its size. The current 166-acre site of the Immanuel Medical Center at 72nd and Sorensen Parkway opened on June 29, 1974.[11][12]
Others
editThe Swedish Auditorium, a social hall, was located at 1611 Chicago Street near Downtown Omaha. The Auditorium housed a number of fraternities, including the Order of Vasa, the Vikings, Good Templars, and others.[13] The Noon Day Scandinavian Club, a business group, has hosted Viking Fest, Christmas smörgåsbord, Pea Soup supper, and an annual banquet annually since 1909.[14] The Omaha Posten (Omaha Post) was a Swedish-language paper published for several decades.[15]
Today there is a Swedish consul in Omaha.[16]
Famous Swedes from Omaha
edit- Carl A. Swanson started a commission business hauling eggs, milk and poultry they bought from local farmers and selling them to the grocery stores and hotels in Omaha. His company fostered the famous Swanson foods brand.[17]
- Glynn Ross was an American opera impresario from Omaha. The first general director of the Seattle Opera, he was also the second general director of the Arizona Opera, from 1983 to 1998.[18]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b Meyering, Sheryl L. (2002). Understanding O pioneers! and My Antonia: A student casebook to issues, sources, and historical documents. The Greenwood Press. p. 108. ISBN 0-313-31390-3.
- ^ "Just passing through". Grönvall Website. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ Alexis, Joseph (2001). "Swedes in Nebraska". Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ Fors, J. (n.d.) "Immigrants in Nebraska", Concordia College. Retrieved 11/21/10.
- ^ "K.G. William Dahl of Bethphage Mission" Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine. Grönvall Website. Retrieved 11/21/10.
- ^ "Swedish Churches in Omaha: Sites and Survivals". Grönvall Website. Retrieved 11/21/10.
- ^ Larsen, Lawrence A.; Cotrell, Barbara J.; Dalstrom, Harl A.; Dalstrom, Kay Calame (2007). Upstream Metropolis: An urban biography of Omaha and Council Bluffs. University of Nebraska Press. p. 163. ISBN 978-0-8032-8002-1.
- ^ Wishart, David J. (2004). Encyclopedia of the Great Plains. University of Nebraska Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-0-8032-4787-1. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
- ^ "Swedish Churches in Omaha: Sites and survivals". Grönvall Website. Retrieved 13 November 2010.Note: This citation is for the entire paragraph.
- ^ "A Time for Burning". Hartley Film Foundation. 2010. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
- ^ "Immanuel Medical Center marks 120 years of healing". Nebraska Hospital Association. 10 October 2007. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ "Immanuel Deaconess Motherhouse and Training School". Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. 2008. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ Westman, Erik G.; Johnson, E. Gustav (1931). The Swedish Element in America: A comprehensive history of Swedish-American achievements from 1638 to the present day. Swedish-American Biographical Society. p. 175. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ "The Noon Day Scandinavian Club of Omaha". Swedish Council of America. December 2009. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Samuel Magnus Hill - Poems Translated into English". Swedish Roots in Oregon. 9 June 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ "Consulates". Embassy of Sweden - Washington. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ Snider, Diane (2009). "Carl Swanson". Douglas County Historical Society. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
- ^ "Glynn Ross, Founding Director of Seattle Opera, Dies at Age 90" (PDF). Seattle Opera. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
External links
edit- "A History of Scandinavians in North Omaha, Nebraska" by Adam Fletcher Sasse for NorthOmahaHistory.com
Bibliography
edit- Baumann, Louise Bloom; Gaines, Agneta Anderhagen; Mossblad, Gunnar; Skoog, Donald P.; Olsson, Nils William; Bohmansson, Carl Gustaf (2005). The Swedes in Omaha and South Omaha 1889. Swedish Cultural Committee. ISBN 0-9704655-1-3.
- Lund, L. Dale; Swanson, Reuben T.; Nelson, O. M. (1991). Swedish Omaha-Past and Present: Biographical sketches of Swedish-Americans in the Omaha area gathered in 1933, 1935, and 1991. Omaha: Swedish Cultural Committee.
- Skoog, Donald P. (ed) (2000). Swedes, Danes, and Norwegians: Oral Histories from Nebraska. Omaha: Swedish Cultural Committee. ISBN 0-9704655-0-5.