Sucidava (Sykibid, Skedevà after Procopius of Caesarea,[2] Σucidava after Vasile Pârvan, where Σ is pronounced "sh"[3]) was a Dacian and Daco-Roman city situated in Corabia, Romania, on the north bank of the Danube. It developed from the 270s AD and especially after the construction of Constantine's Bridge the northern side of which it protected.
| Castra Sucidava | |
|---|---|
 Ruins of Sucidava, modern Romania | |
  Location within Romania | |
| Known also as | Castra of Celeiu |
| Abandoned | 6th century |
| Attested by | Tabula Peutingeriana |
| Previous fortification | Dacian |
| Place in the Roman world | |
| Province | Dacia |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Malvensis |
| Nearby water | Danubius |
| Structure | |
| — Stone structure — | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 43°45′52″N 24°27′33″E / 43.7644°N 24.4591°E |
| Altitude | c. 37 m |
| Place name | Cartier Celei |
| Town | Corabia |
| County | Olt |
| Country |  Romania |
| Reference | |
| RO-LMI | OT-I-s-A-08492 |
| Site notes | |
| Recognition |  National Historical Monument |
| Condition | Ruined |
| Excavation dates | 1900 [1] |
| Archaeologists | Pamfil Polonic[1] |
History
editIt was a significant economic and military centre of the Dacian Suci tribe.
The Roman fort, one of the largest Roman forts in Oltenia, was built over the former Dacian citadel in the 270s[4] at the time of Roman withdrawal from Dacia to protect the Roman pontoon bridge and road there. The defensive walls with eight towers of the late Roman town of Sucidava can still be seen.
Constantine's Bridge (Danube) was built nearby over the Danube in 328 in order to start his reconquest of Dacia. Sucidava had its own defensive walls protecting the city and the bridge. The bridge connected to the Oescus fort in Bulgaria which protected its southern end.
The city developed around the fort. The archaeological evidence shows that in 443–447 the city and the fort were sacked by the Huns, and were restored under Justin I 518–527 or Justinian I 527–565.[5] Around 600, it seems that the Roman garrison abandoned the city.[2][dead link]
The first Christian Basilica established in Romania can be found there. There is also a secret underground fountain which flows under the walls of the town to a water spring situated outside.
The coins found at Sucidava show an uninterrupted series from Aurelian (270–275) to Theodosius II (408–450).[citation needed]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Manuscrisele lui Pamfil Polonic". cimec.ro. Archived from the original on 19 December 2011. Retrieved 15 December 2012.
- ^ a b Olga Karagiorgou "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2010-11-15.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Pârvan - știri din Dacia Malvensis http://www.cimec.ro/Arheologie/ParvanArticole/ParvanStiriNouaDinDaciaMalvensis.pdf)
- ^ Roman Fortress Sucidava https://danubelimes-robg.eu/index.php/en/37en
- ^ Roman Fortress Sucidava https://danubelimes-robg.eu/index.php/en/37en
Additional References
edit- Paul Lachlan MacKendrick, "The Dacian Stones Speak", Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1975. ISBN 0-8078-1226-9
- Notitia Dignitatum cca 395-413
External links
edit
- Sucidava on Tabula Peutingeriana: http://www.euratlas.net/cartogra/peutinger/7_thracia/thracia_4_1.html
- (in Romanian) "Archaeological Excavation Report"
- Photo gallery
- Gabriel Vasile, "Analiza antropologică a unui schelet descoperit la Sucidava - Celei (judeţul Olt)", Cercetări Arheologice, 13/2006, at National Museum of Romanian History
- http://www.threemonkeysonline.com/als/_sucidava_romania_eu_expansion.html
- Roman castra from Romania - Google Maps / Earth