Sphaenorhynchus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae.[1][2] They are also known as lime treefrogs[1] or hatchet-faced treefrogs.[3] They are found in the Amazon and Orinoco River basins of South America, the Guianas, Trinidad, and southern and eastern Brazil.[1] The majority of the species are associated with the Atlantic Forest domain in Brazil.[4]
| Sphaenorhynchus | |
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| Sphaenorhynchus lacteus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Hylidae |
| Tribe: | Dendropsophini |
| Genus: | Sphaenorhynchus Tschudi, 1838 |
| Species | |
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See text. | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Systematics
editSphaenorhynchus has been suggested to be the sister taxon of the clade Scarthyla + Scinax.[1] Faivovich and colleagues (2005) placed it in the tribe Dendropsophini, together with Dendropsophus, Lysapsus, Pseudis, Scarthyla, Scinax, and Xenohyla.[5]
Description
editSphaenorhynchus are small to moderately sized frogs. They are bright green or yellowish green in life. The snout is pointed and projecting in lateral view. Most species have well-developed horizontal dermal flaps on each side of the anus. The fingers are weakly webbed while the toes are extensively webbed. Males have a vocal sac on the posterior throat region.[6]
Species
editThe following species are recognised in the genus Sphaenorhynchus:[1][2]
- Sphaenorhynchus botocudo (Caramaschi, Almeida, and Gasparini, 2009)
- Sphaenorhynchus bromelicola (Bokermann, 1966)
- Sphaenorhynchus cammaeus (Roberto, Araujo-Vieira, Carvalho-e-Silva, and Ávila, 2017)
- Sphaenorhynchus canga (Araujo-Vieira, Lacerda, Pezzuti, Leite, Assis, and Cruz, 2015)
- Sphaenorhynchus caramaschii (Toledo, Garcia, Lingnau, and Haddad, 2007)
- Sphaenorhynchus carneus (Cope, 1868)
- Sphaenorhynchus dorisae (Goin, 1957)
- Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Daudin, 1800)
- Sphaenorhynchus mirim (Caramaschi, Almeida, and Gasparini, 2009)
- Sphaenorhynchus palustris (Bokermann, 1966)
- Sphaenorhynchus pauloalvini (Bokermann, 1973)
- Sphaenorhynchus planicola (Lutz and Lutz, 1938)
- Sphaenorhynchus platycephalus (Werner, 1894)
- Sphaenorhynchus prasinus (Bokermann, 1973)
- Sphaenorhynchus surdus (Cochran, 1953)
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Sphaenorhynchus Tschudi, 1838". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
- ^ a b "Hylidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017. (recently described Sphaenorhynchus cammaeus not yet included)
- ^ Araujo-Vieira, K.; Lacerda, J. V. A.; Pezzuti, T. L.; Leite, F. S. F.; de Assis, C. L.; Cruz, C. A. G. (21 December 2015). "A new species of Hatchet-faced Treefrog Sphaenorhynchus Tschudi (Anura: Hylidae) from Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil". Zootaxa. 4059 (1): 96–114. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.5. hdl:11336/85191. PMID 26701555.
- ^ Roberto, Igor Joventino; Araujo-Vieira, Katyuscia; de Carvalho-e-Silva, Sergio Potsch; Ávila, Robson Waldemar (June 2017). "A new species of Sphaenorhynchus (Anura: Hylidae) from northeastern Brazil". Herpetologica. 73 (2): 148–161. doi:10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-16-00021. hdl:11336/48862. S2CID 91143723.
- ^ Faivovich, Julián; Haddad, Célio F.B.; Garcia, Paulo C.A.; Frost, Darrel R.; Campbell, Jonathan A.; Wheeler, Ward C. (2005). "Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 294: 1–240. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.470.2967. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2005)294[0001:SROTFF]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/462. S2CID 83925199.
- ^ Goin, Coleman J. (1957). "Status of the frog genus Sphoenohyla with a synopsis of the species". Caldasia. 8 (36): 11–31.