The Special Region of Jakarta Act[1] (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta) is a law which declared that Jakarta is no longer the capital of Indonesia. Initially, it was expected that Nusantara will officially become Indonesia's new capital beginning on 25 April 2024, but it has since been halted, with Jakarta still being the capital as of October 2024. It is expected when Nusantara becomes the capital city, Jakarta's status as "Special Capital Region" will be revoked.[2][3] The law will turn Jakarta into a "Special Region" for economic and trading purposes.[4]
| UU Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta | |
|---|---|
 | |
| People's Representative Council | |
| |
| Citation | Law No. 2/2024 |
| Territorial extent | Jakarta, with extension of Bogor Regency, Tangerang Regency, Bekasi Regency, Cianjur Regency, Bogor, Tangerang City, South Tangerang, and Bekasi City |
| Passed by | People's Representative Council |
| Passed | 28 March 2024 |
| Commenced | 25 April 2024 |
| Legislative history | |
| Bill title | RUU Daerah Khusus Jakarta (Bill on Special Region of Jakarta) |
| Introduced | 5 December 2023 |
| Repeals | |
| Law No. 29/2007 (Special Capital Region of Jakarta Act) | |
| Related legislation | |
| State Capital Act 2023 Law on State Capital | |
| Status: In force | |
Of the nine political parties in the House of Representatives that passed the bill, only the Prosperous Justice Party rejected the passage of the law.[5]
History
editAfter the passage of the State Capital Act 2023, the Indonesian government and People's Representative Council discussed Jakarta's future for when the capital is moved to Nusantara. On 5 December 2023, the People's Representative Council submitted the "Bill on Special Region of Jakarta". The main contents of the bill were:[6]
- Areal delimitation of Jakarta.
- Governor and Deputy Governor to no longer be elected positions, but by presidential appointment.
- Special rights of Jakarta in regulating its economy.
- There will be regencies and cities in future Jakarta, but the regent and mayor posts will be by gubernatorial appointment.
- As the consequences of formation of new regencies and cities, there will be regency-level and town-level representative council.
- Special taxes in Special Region of Jakarta.
Regarding the governor and deputy governor being presidentially appointed posts, the PDI-P, Golkar, National Awakening Party, Nasdem, Prosperous Justice Party, Democratic Party, and National Mandate Party objected to the change. The government, through the Ministry of Home Affairs, also voiced their rejection as the change being undemocratic.[7]
When the law finally passed on 28 April 2024, much of its content was revised from the original bill. The main contents are:[8]
- Formation of Agglomerated Regions Council.
- Governor and Deputy Governor are still democratically elected posts.
- Allocation of special funds for social and community affairs for districts.
- Limited autonomy for future Jakarta local government.
- Cultural development in Jakarta.
- Special taxation and tariffs established within Jakarta.
- Agrarian affairs in Jakarta.
Agglomerated Regions Council
editArticle 55 of the law mandated the formation of Agglomerated Regions Council (Indonesian: Dewan Kawasan Aglomerasi).[1] The council will regulate the development of Agglomerated Regions of Jakarta, which would consist of Jakarta and its satellites: Bogor Regency, Tangerang Regency, Bekasi Regency, Cianjur Regency, Bogor, Tangerang City, South Tangerang, and Bekasi.[9] The formation of this council was required because prior the formation the council, Jakarta's environmental and transportation problems were divided into Jakarta, Bogor, and Bekasi's local governments. Moreover, different ruling political factions and views between the three local governments caused difficulties in enacting the changes.[10] In the original bill, it was mentioned that the Agglomerated Regions Council would be chaired by Vice President of Indonesia ex officio.[11] However, in the law form, the office will be filled by a president-appointed official.[9]
Transitional period
editDue to the law, Jakarta no longer served as the de jure Indonesian capital. Article 73 of the law stated that the capital remained in Jakarta de facto until Nusantara was properly established for administrative purposes.[1] The move to Nusantara was expected to occur by 16 August 2024.[12]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 2 Tahun 2024 Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta" (PDF). JDIH - Sekretariat Kabinet RI (in Indonesian). 2024-04-25. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Mufarida, Binti (2024-04-27). "Jokowi Teken UU DKJ, Jakarta Tak Lagi Jadi Ibu Kota Negara". SINDOnews Metro (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Simatupang, Tommy (2024-04-27). "SAH! Jakarta Bukan Lagi Ibu Kota Negara, Jokowi Teken UU DKJ, Ubah Status Jakarta Jadi Daerah Khusus". Tribun Medan (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ "Jokowi Teken UU DKJ, Selangkah Lagi Ibu Kota Pindah ke IKN - Nasional". www.bloombergtechnoz.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Ni'am, Syakirun; Ihsanuddin (2024-03-28). "PKS Satu-satunya Fraksi yang Tolak Pengesahan UU DKJ, Ini Alasannya". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Nurhadi (2023-12-07). "6 Poin Penting RUU DKJ yang Perlu Diketahui". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Dirgantara, Adhyasta; Prabowo, Dani (2023-12-08). "7 Parpol Menolak Gubernur Jakarta Ditunjuk Presiden, Siapa Pengusul Pasalnya? Halaman all". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Amirullah (2024-03-28). "7 Poin RUU DKJ yang Disahkan di Sidang Paripurna DPR Hari Ini". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ a b "UU DKJ: Presiden Tunjuk Pemimpin Aglomerasi Jabodetabek Cianjur - Nasional". www.bloombergtechnoz.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Dirgantara, Adhyasta; Prabowo, Dani (2024-03-15). "Mendagri Sebut Dewan Kawasan Aglomerasi Diperlukan agar Pemda Jakarta-Bogor Tak Sendirian Selesaikan Persoalan". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Aditya, Nicholas Ryan; Prabowo, Dani (2024-03-13). "Soal Dewan Kawasan Aglomerasi, Mendagri: Jangan Berpikir Wapres Ambil Alih Kewenangan Pemda". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ Herman (2022-02-02). "Presiden Targetkan Pindah ke Ibu Kota Baru sebelum 16 Agustus 2024". BeritaSatu.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-04-27.