Solar eclipse of April 20, 2042

A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Saturday, April 19 and Sunday, April 20, 2042,[1] with a magnitude of 1.0614. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 21 hours after perigee (on April 19, 2042, at 5:25 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]

Solar eclipse of April 20, 2042
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma0.2956
Magnitude1.0614
Maximum eclipse
Duration291 s (4 min 51 s)
Coordinates27°00′N 137°18′E / 27°N 137.3°E / 27; 137.3
Max. width of band210 km (130 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse2:17:30
References
Saros139 (31 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9601

The path of totality will be visible from parts of western Indonesia (particularly Sumatra), eastern Malaysia, Brunei and the Philippines. A partial solar eclipse will be visible for parts of South Asia, Southeast Asia, northern Australia, East Asia, Northeast Asia, Hawaii, and northwestern North America.

Images

edit

 
Animated path

Eclipse details

edit

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]

April 20, 2042 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2042 April 19 at 23:41:45.0 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2042 April 20 at 00:37:26.5 UTC
First Central Line 2042 April 20 at 00:38:41.2 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2042 April 20 at 00:39:55.9 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2042 April 20 at 01:40:21.0 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2042 April 20 at 02:17:30.1 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2042 April 20 at 02:20:31.9 UTC
Greatest Duration 2042 April 20 at 02:21:20.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2042 April 20 at 02:32:33.0 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2042 April 20 at 02:54:18.5 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2042 April 20 at 03:54:56.1 UTC
Last Central Line 2042 April 20 at 03:56:09.9 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2042 April 20 at 03:57:23.7 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2042 April 20 at 04:53:11.4 UTC
April 20, 2042 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.06144
Eclipse Obscuration 1.12666
Gamma 0.29559
Sun Right Ascension 01h52m12.4s
Sun Declination +11°31'19.4"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'55.3"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.8"
Moon Right Ascension 01h51m39.9s
Moon Declination +11°47'27.9"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'37.6"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°01'01.4"
ΔT 79.8 s

Eclipse season

edit

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of April 2042
April 5
Descending node (full moon)
April 20
Ascending node (new moon)
   
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 113
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 139
edit

Eclipses in 2042

edit

Metonic

edit

Tzolkinex

edit

Half-Saros

edit

Tritos

edit

Solar Saros 139

edit

Inex

edit

Triad

edit

Solar eclipses of 2040–2043

edit

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]

Solar eclipse series sets from 2040 to 2043
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
119 May 11, 2040
 
Partial
−1.2529 124 November 4, 2040
 
Partial
1.0993
129 April 30, 2041
 
Total
−0.4492 134 October 25, 2041
 
Annular
0.4133
139 April 20, 2042
 
Total
0.2956 144 October 14, 2042
 
Annular
−0.303
149 April 9, 2043
 
Total (non-central)
1.0031 154 October 3, 2043
 
Annular (non-central)
1.0102

Saros 139

edit

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 139, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on May 17, 1501. It contains hybrid eclipses from August 11, 1627 through December 9, 1825 and total eclipses from December 21, 1843 through March 26, 2601. There are no annular eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on July 3, 2763. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 61 at 7 minutes, 29.22 seconds on July 16, 2186. This date is the longest solar eclipse computed between 4000 BC and AD 6000.[5] All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]

Series members 18–39 occur between 1801 and 2200:
18 19 20
 
November 29, 1807
 
December 9, 1825
 
December 21, 1843
21 22 23
 
December 31, 1861
 
January 11, 1880
 
January 22, 1898
24 25 26
 
February 3, 1916
 
February 14, 1934
 
February 25, 1952
27 28 29
 
March 7, 1970
 
March 18, 1988
 
March 29, 2006
30 31 32
 
April 8, 2024
 
April 20, 2042
 
April 30, 2060
33 34 35
 
May 11, 2078
 
May 22, 2096
 
June 3, 2114
36 37 38
 
June 13, 2132
 
June 25, 2150
 
July 5, 2168
39
 
July 16, 2186

Metonic series

edit

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

21 eclipse events between July 1, 2000 and July 1, 2076
July 1–2 April 19–20 February 5–7 November 24–25 September 12–13
117 119 121 123 125
 
July 1, 2000
 
April 19, 2004
 
February 7, 2008
 
November 25, 2011
 
September 13, 2015
127 129 131 133 135
 
July 2, 2019
 
April 20, 2023
 
February 6, 2027
 
November 25, 2030
 
September 12, 2034
137 139 141 143 145
 
July 2, 2038
 
April 20, 2042
 
February 5, 2046
 
November 25, 2049
 
September 12, 2053
147 149 151 153 155
 
July 1, 2057
 
April 20, 2061
 
February 5, 2065
 
November 24, 2068
 
September 12, 2072
157
 
July 1, 2076

Tritos series

edit

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
 
March 4, 1802
(Saros 117)
 
February 1, 1813
(Saros 118)
 
January 1, 1824
(Saros 119)
 
November 30, 1834
(Saros 120)
 
October 30, 1845
(Saros 121)
 
September 29, 1856
(Saros 122)
 
August 29, 1867
(Saros 123)
 
July 29, 1878
(Saros 124)
 
June 28, 1889
(Saros 125)
 
May 28, 1900
(Saros 126)
 
April 28, 1911
(Saros 127)
 
March 28, 1922
(Saros 128)
 
February 24, 1933
(Saros 129)
 
January 25, 1944
(Saros 130)
 
December 25, 1954
(Saros 131)
 
November 23, 1965
(Saros 132)
 
October 23, 1976
(Saros 133)
 
September 23, 1987
(Saros 134)
 
August 22, 1998
(Saros 135)
 
July 22, 2009
(Saros 136)
 
June 21, 2020
(Saros 137)
 
May 21, 2031
(Saros 138)
 
April 20, 2042
(Saros 139)
 
March 20, 2053
(Saros 140)
 
February 17, 2064
(Saros 141)
 
January 16, 2075
(Saros 142)
 
December 16, 2085
(Saros 143)
 
November 15, 2096
(Saros 144)
 
October 16, 2107
(Saros 145)
 
September 15, 2118
(Saros 146)
 
August 15, 2129
(Saros 147)
 
July 14, 2140
(Saros 148)
 
June 14, 2151
(Saros 149)
 
May 14, 2162
(Saros 150)
 
April 12, 2173
(Saros 151)
 
March 12, 2184
(Saros 152)
 
February 10, 2195
(Saros 153)

Inex series

edit

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
 
September 28, 1810
(Saros 131)
 
September 7, 1839
(Saros 132)
 
August 18, 1868
(Saros 133)
 
July 29, 1897
(Saros 134)
 
July 9, 1926
(Saros 135)
 
June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)
 
May 30, 1984
(Saros 137)
 
May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)
 
April 20, 2042
(Saros 139)
 
March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)
 
March 10, 2100
(Saros 141)
 
February 18, 2129
(Saros 142)
 
January 30, 2158
(Saros 143)
 
January 9, 2187
(Saros 144)

References

edit
  1. ^ "April 19–20, 2042 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Solar Eclipse of 2042 Apr 20". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  4. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. ^ Ten Millennium Catalog of Long Solar Eclipses, −3999 to +6000 (4000 BCE to 6000 CE) Fred Espenak.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
edit