Seharane, also spelled Seharaneh, is a multi-day festival celebrated by Kurdish Jews. Although traditionally observed following Passover, in Israel today the festival is observed during the intermediate days of Sukkot.
Etymology
editThere are several theories as to the etymology of Seharane. One theory says it derives from the Kurdish word sayran, meaning to see nature.[1][2] Others relate it to sahar, meaning crescent moon.[2]
Origins
editSeharane is thought to derive from Navruz, also called Sayeran, a similar spring festival observed by Kurdish Muslims.[2]
Traditional observance
editThe festival was traditionally celebrated for multiple days, with event preparations beginning the first night after Passover ended.[1]
Traditionally, Kurdish Jews would travel to the countryside and set up camps for the festival celebrations.[2] Communities would hire guards to protect the camps for the festival's length.[2] Families would bring food, which they cooked or reheated over campfires and shared with each other.[2] Seharane observances were joyful and social occasions, in which people wore their best clothes and sang, danced (especially in group circle dances), and made music with the zurna and dahola.[1][2][3] Young men and women also were able to spend time more freely with each other, leading to social connections and engagements.[2]
Another aspect of the holiday was to visit the graves of "righteous elders".[3]
Contemporary observance
editThe Kurdish Jewish community was almost entirely relocated to Israel in the early 1950s, through Operation Ezra and Nehemiah.[2][4] Following this, observance of Seharane largely stopped for the next twenty years, due to the community being scattered across the country.[2][4] The festival was revived in the 1970s,[5] as part of a larger move to revive cultural traditions and festivals,[4] by the newly formed National Council of the Association of Kurdish Jewry.[2] The council decided to move the festival from its traditional timing after Passover to the intermediate days of Sukkot,[4] in order to avoid conflicts with Mimouna, a Sephardic festival which also takes place after Passover.[1][2][5][6]
A Seharane festival was established in 1972, which has been held annually.[7] The festival offers an opportunity for Israeli politicians to interact with the community, as well as a way for Kurdish Jews to connect to the rest of the Kurdish diaspora; multiple times over the years, non-Jewish Kurds have been invited to participate.[6][7][8]
In the years since, the occasion has led to public celebrations, during which many people choose to picnic.[2]
In popular culture
editIn September 2019, the Israel Postal Company issued a series of stamps commemorating Seharane.[9]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Zylali, Mira. "Seharaneh: A Post-Passover Kurdish Jewish Celebration". My Jewish Learning. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "The Seharane". The Jewish Agency. 2005-07-20. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
- ^ a b Goren-Kadman, Ayalah (December 31, 1999). "Community Dance Practices in the Yishuv and Israel: 1900-2000". Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
- ^ a b c d "Seharane". Rossing Center for Education and Dialogue. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
- ^ a b Tapper, Aaron J. Hahn (2016-06-07). Judaisms: A Twenty-First-Century Introduction to Jews and Jewish Identities. Univ of California Press. pp. 123–124. ISBN 978-0-520-28135-6.
- ^ a b Maisel, Sebastian (2018-06-21). The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 260. ISBN 978-1-4408-4257-3.
- ^ a b Baser, Bahar; Atlas, Duygu (2021-10-02). "Once A Diaspora, Always A Diaspora? The Ethnic, Cultural and Political Mobilization of Kurdistani Jews in Israel". Politics, Religion & Ideology. 22 (3–4): 302–328. doi:10.1080/21567689.2021.1975111. ISSN 2156-7689.
- ^ Berman, Lazar (September 30, 2013). "Cultural pride, and unlikely guests, at Kurdish Jewish festival". The Times of Israel. Retrieved November 14, 2023.
- ^ "Ethnic Festivals in Israel -The Sehrane Festival Stamp Sheet". Israel Post Shop. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
Further reading
edit- Sharaby, Rachel (May 20, 2022). Constructing Ethnic Identities: Immigration, Festivals and Syncretism. Brill. ISBN 9789004511996.