Schumanniophyton problematicum is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Sierra Leone. It is threatened by habitat loss.[1]
| Schumanniophyton problematicum | |
|---|---|
| |
| In Ghana | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Genus: | Schumanniophyton |
| Species: | S. problematicum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Schumanniophyton problematicum | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Assidora problematica A.Chev. | |
Chemistry
editThe plant has been found to contain the alkaloids rohitukine and rohitukine N-oxide, and the iridoid glycosides scyphiphorin A1–A2 and scyphiphorin B1–B2.[2] Alvocidib is a synthetic analog of rohitukine that acts as a CDK9 kinase inhibitor and is under clinical development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. It has also been studied for the treatment of arthritis[3] and atherosclerotic plaque formation[4]
Rohitukine was initially extracted from Aphanamixis polystachya (the alkaloid name being derived from the synonym Amoora rohituka) and later from Dysoxylum binectariferum.[5][6] - both of which plant species belong to the family Meliaceae.
The scyphiphorins were first isolated from (and subsequently named for) Scyphiphora hydrophylacea, which, like Schumanniophyton, belongs to the plant family Rubiaceae.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b Hawthorne, W. (1998). "Schumanniophyton problematicum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T34819A9891391. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34819A9891391.en.
- ^ Martins, Daiane; Nunez, Cecilia (22 July 2015). "Secondary Metabolites from Rubiaceae Species". Molecules. 20 (7): 13422–13495. doi:10.3390/molecules200713422. PMC 6331836. PMID 26205062.
- ^ Sekine C, Sugihara T, Miyake S, Hirai H, Yoshida M, Miyasaka N, Kohsaka H (2008). "Successful treatment of animal models of rheumatoid arthritis with small-molecule cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors". J. Immunol. 180 (3): 1954–61. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.3.1954. PMID 18209094.
- ^ Ruef J, Meshel AS, Hu Z, Horaist C, Ballinger CA, Thompson LJ, Subbarao VD, Dumont JA, Patterson C (1999). "Flavopiridol inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and neointimal formation In vivo after carotid injury in the rat". Circulation. 100 (6): 659–65. doi:10.1161/01.cir.100.6.659. PMID 10441105.
- ^ Harmon, AD; Weiss, U; Silverton, JV (1979). "The structure of rohitukine, the main alkaloid of Amoora rohituka (syn.Aphanamixis polystachya) (Meliaceae)". Tetrahedron Lett. 20 (1): 721–724. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)93556-7.
- ^ Lakdawala, A. D.; Shirole, M. V.; Mandrekar, S. S.; Dohadwalla, A. N. (15 July 1988). "Immunopharmacological potential of rohitukine a novel compound isolated from the plant dysoxylum binectariferum". Asia Pacific Journal of Pharmacology. 3 (2): 91–98.[unreliable source?]
- ^ Zhang, Si; Tao, Shu-Hong; Qi, Shu-Hua; Xiao, Zhi-Hui; Li, Qing-Xin (2009). "Scyphiphorins C and D, Two New Iridoid Glycosides from the Chinese Mangrove Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea". Heterocycles. 78 (6): 1557. doi:10.3987/COM-08-11634.