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Royal Corps of Signals

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The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals – abbreviated to R SIGNALS) is one of the combat support arms of the British Army. Signals units are among the first into action, providing the battlefield communications and information systems essential to all operations. Royal Signals units provide the full telecommunications infrastructure for the Army wherever they operate in the world. The Corps has its own engineers, logistics experts and systems operators to run radio and area networks in the field.[3] It is responsible for installing, maintaining and operating all types of telecommunications equipment and information systems, providing command support to commanders and their headquarters, and conducting electronic warfare against enemy communications.

Royal Corps of Signals
Cap Badge of the Royal Corps of Signals during the reign of Elizabeth II
Active1920 – present
Allegiance United Kingdom
Branch British Army
Garrison/HQBlandford Camp, Dorset
Motto(s)Certa Cito
(Swift and Sure)
[1]
MarchBegone Dull Care (Quick); HRH The Princess Royal (Slow)
Commanders
Colonel-in-ChiefAnne, Princess Royal
Master of SignalsGeneral Dame Sharon Nesmith[2]
Corps ColonelColonel Nicholas Bruce
Insignia
Tactical Recognition Flash

History

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Origins

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In 1870, 'C' Telegraph Troop, Royal Engineers, was founded under Captain Montague Lambert. The Troop was the first formal professional body of signallers in the British Army and its duty was to provide communications for a field army by means of visual signalling, mounted orderlies and telegraph. By 1871, 'C' Troop had expanded in size from 2 officers and 133 other ranks to 5 officers and 245 other ranks. In 1879, 'C' Troop first saw action during the Anglo-Zulu War.[4] On 1 May 1884, 'C' Troop was amalgamated with the 22nd and 34th Companies, Royal Engineers, to form the Telegraph Battalion Royal Engineers;[4] 'C' Troop formed the 1st Division (Field Force, based at Aldershot) while the two Royal Engineers companies formed the 2nd Division (Postal and Telegraph, based in London). Signalling was the responsibility of the Telegraph Battalion until 1908, when the Royal Engineers Signal Service was formed.[5] As such, it provided communications during the First World War. It was about this time that motorcycle despatch riders and wireless sets were introduced into service.[5]

Royal Warrant

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A Royal Warrant for the creation of a Corps of Signals was signed by the Secretary of State for War, Winston Churchill, on 28 June 1920. Six weeks later, King George V conferred the title Royal Corps of Signals.[6]

Subsequent history

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Before the Second World War, Royal Signals recruits were required to be at least 5 feet 2 inches tall. They initially enlisted for eight years with the colours and a further four years with the reserve. They trained at the Signal Training Centre at Catterick Camp and all personnel were taught to ride.[7]

During the Second World War (1939–45), members of the Royal Corps of Signals served in every theatre of war. In one notable action, Corporal Thomas Waters of the 5th Parachute Brigade Signal Section was awarded the Military Medal for laying and maintaining the field telephone line under heavy enemy fire across the Caen Canal Bridge during the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.[8]

 
A Land Rover based VSC 501 being shown to Princess Anne at Blandford Camp by 30th Signal Regiment

In the immediate post-war period, the Corps played a full and active part in numerous campaigns including Palestine, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, Malaya and the Korean War. Until the end of the Cold War, the main body of the Corps was deployed with the British Army of the Rhine confronting Soviet Bloc forces, providing the British Forces' contribution to NATO with its communications infrastructure. Soldiers from the Royal Signals delivered communications in the Falklands War in 1982 and the first Gulf War in 1991.[9]

In 1994, The Royal Corps of Signals moved its training regiments, 11th Signal Regiment (the Recruit Training Regiment) and 8th Signal Regiment (the Trade Training School), from Catterick Garrison to Blandford Camp.[10]

In late 2012, 2nd (National Communications) Signal Brigade was disbanded.[11] Soldiers from the Royal Corps of Signals saw extensive service during the eight years of the Iraq War before withdrawal of troops in 2011,[12] and the 13 years of the War in Afghanistan before it ended in 2014.[13]

Under Army 2020 Refine a number of changes planned for the Corps were made public in 2013-14.[14] A presentation by the Master of Signals indicated that 16 Signal Regiment would shift from 11 Signal Brigade to 1 Signal Brigade and focus on supporting communications for logistic headquarters. Similarly, 32 and 39 Signal Regiments were planned to shift to 1 Signal Brigade. 15 Signal Regiment would no longer be focused on Information Systems but would support 12th Armoured Infantry Brigade, while 21 and 2 Signal Regiments were planned to support the 1st and second Strike Brigades respectively. Furthermore, a new regiment, 13th Signal Regiment, was planned to form up under 1st Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade and work with 14th Signal Regiment on cyber and electromagnetic activity.[15]

In 2017 the Royal Signals Motorcycle Display Team, then in its 90th year, was disbanded; senior officers had complained that it "failed to reflect the modern-day cyber communication skills in which the Royal Signals are trained".[16]

On 28 June 2020, the Royal Corps of Signals marked the 100th anniversary of its foundation.[17] Constrained by COVID-19 rules, many Royal Signals 100 celebrations were organised online, including the #100for100 challenge[18] that involved hundreds of members of the Corps running 100 km for the Royal Signals Charity. The Princess Royal, the Colonel-In-Chief of the Corps, delivered a video message of congratulations,[19] and the Foreman of Signals Course students successfully took a photograph of the Royal Signals 100 badge in space, completing a challenge that was set for them.[20]

Personnel

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Training and trades

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Main article: Royal Signals trades

Royal Signals officers receive general military training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, followed by specialist communications training at the Royal School of Signals, Blandford Camp, Dorset. Other ranks are trained both as field soldiers and tradesmen. Their basic military training is delivered at the Army Training Regiment at Winchester or Army Training Centre Pirbright before undergoing trade training at 11th (Royal School of Signals) Signal Regiment. There are currently six different trades available to other ranks, each of which is open to both men and women:[21]

  • Cyber Information Services Engineer: trained in programming, database, web and app development, data communications and computer networks
  • Cyber Networks Engineer: trained in data communications, computer networks, military radio and trunk communications systems
  • Cyber Infrastructure Engineer: trained in installing and repairing fibre optic and copper voice and data networks in both internal and external environments
  • Power Engineer: trained to prepare, engineer and maintain complex Power Distribution Systems worldwide
  • Supply Chain Operative: trained in all aspects of logistics, including driving, warehouse management and accounting
  • Electronic Warfare & Signals Intelligence Operative: trained to intercept voice and data communications, to provide tactical electro-magnetic, cyber and signals intelligence on the battlefield and close tactical support to and advice to bomb disposal units

On selection for promotion to Sergeant, soldiers may choose to volunteer for selection to a Supervisory roster. Currently there are 4 Supervisor roles:

  • Yeoman of Signals – trained in the planning and deployment and management of military tactical/strategic communications networks;
  • Yeoman of Signals (Electronic Warfare) – trained in the planning, deployment and management of military tactical/strategic electronic warfare assets;
  • Foreman of Signals – trained in the installation, maintenance, repair and interoperability of military tactical/strategic communications assets;
  • Foreman of Signals (Information Systems) – trained in the installation, maintenance, repair and interoperability of military tactical/strategic Information Systems

If a soldier chooses not to follow the Supervisor route, they will remain employed 'in trade' until promoted to Warrant Officer, where they will then be classed as on the Regimental Duty (RD) roster and will oversee the daily routine, and administration of a unit's personnel and equipment.

Museum

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The Royal Signals Museum is based at Blandford Camp in Dorset.[22]

Dress and ceremonial

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Tactical Recognition flash

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The Corps wears a blue and white tactical recognition flash. This is worn horizontally on the right arm with the blue half charging forward.[23]

Cap badge

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The flag and cap badge feature Mercury (Latin: Mercurius), the winged messenger of the gods, who is referred to by members of the corps as "Jimmy". The origins of this nickname are unclear. According to one explanation, the badge is referred to as "Jimmy" because the image of Mercury was based on the late mediaeval bronze statue by the Italian sculptor Giambologna, and shortening his name over time reduced it to "Jimmy". The most widely accepted origin is a Royal Signals boxer, Jimmy Emblen, who was the British Army Champion in 1924 and represented the Royal Corps of Signals from 1921 to 1924.[24]

Lanyard

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On No 2, No 4 and No 14 Dress, the Corps wears a dark blue lanyard on the right side signifying its early links with the Royal Engineers. The Airborne Signals Unit wears a drab green lanyard made from parachute cord.[23]

Motto

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The Corps motto is "certa cito", often translated from Latin as Swift and Sure .[23]

Appointments

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The Colonel-in-Chief is currently The Princess Royal.[25]

Equipment

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Main article: British Armed Forces communications and information systems

The Corps deploys and operates a broad range of specialist military and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) communications systems.[26] The main categories are as follows:

  • Satellite ground terminals
  • Terrestrial trunk radio systems
  • Combat net radio systems
  • Computer networks
  • Specialist military applications (computer programmes)

Units

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Brigades

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There are now two signal brigades:

The structure of the Royal Signals changed under Army 2020.[31] The listing below shows the present location of units and their future location.[32][15][33]

Regular Army

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Army Reserve

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The Royal Corps of Signals reserve component was severely reduced after the 2009 Review of Reserve Forces, losing many full regiments, with their respective squadrons mostly reduced to troops.[47][48]

Cadet Forces

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The Royal Corps of Signals is the sponsoring Corps for several Army Cadet Force and Combined Cadet Force units, such as in Blandford Forum, home to the Royal School of Signals.[50]

Order of precedence

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Preceded by Order of Precedence Succeeded by

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Charlotte Banks (26 January 2020). "New Gurkhas Welcomed Into Royal Corps Of Signals". Forces Network. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  2. ^ @R_Signals (1 October 2020). "We are excited to confirm that we have a new Master of Signals! General Sharon Nesmith formally took over today from General Pope. Although without ceremony due to #COVID19 restrictions we would like to wish her all the very best as our new Master of Signals. Certa Cito" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  3. ^ "Home – British Army Jobs".
  4. ^ a b The Royal Signals Museum: Telegraph TP & Boer War
  5. ^ a b The Royal Signals Museum: Corps History
  6. ^ "Royal Corps of Signals". National Army Museum. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  7. ^ War Office, His Majesty's Army, 1938
  8. ^ "Pegasus Bridge hero honoured in exhibition". Dorset Echo. 23 July 2004. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  9. ^ "No. 52589". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 June 1991. p. 45.
  10. ^ "Blandford Garrison". Army Garrisons. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  11. ^ THE SIGNAL OFFICER IN CHIEF'S MESSAGE ON CHANGE FOR THE CORPS, dated 19 Sep 11
  12. ^ "Chilcot report: Who were the 179 British soldiers who died during the Iraq War?". The Independent. 5 July 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  13. ^ "UK ends its war in Afghanistan: These are the 453 British men and women who died fighting the Taliban". The Independent. 27 October 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  14. ^ "Army 2020, p. 56-57" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2013. and "Royal Signals Journal" (PDF). pp. 42–45. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2014.
  15. ^ a b "The Caduceus Programme: A Corps for the 21st Century" (PDF). Royal Signals. October 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
  16. ^ Sawer, Patrick (1 September 2017). "'Old fashioned' White Helmets display team wound up as Army looks to promote more high tech role". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  17. ^ "CORPS 100TH BIRTHDAY | Royal Corps of Signals".
  18. ^ "#100for100 Challenge | Royal Corps of Signals".
  19. ^ "Royal Birthday Message | Royal Corps of Signals".
  20. ^ "Jimmy in Space | Royal Corps of Signals".
  21. ^ "Roles". Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  22. ^ "About us". Royal Signals Museum. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
  23. ^ a b c Roger so Far: The First 100 Years of the Royal Signals. The History Press. 14 July 2020. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-0750990509.
  24. ^ "Adopting Mercury". Royal Signals Museum. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  25. ^ "Colonel-in-Chief". Royal Signals Museum. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  26. ^ "Royal Signals Equipment". Archived from the original on 13 September 2008.
  27. ^ "1st United Kingdom Signal Brigade – British Army Website". Army.mod.uk. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
  28. ^ "HQ 11 Sig Bde – British Army Website". Army.mod.uk. Archived from the original on 28 August 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  29. ^ @3rdUKDivision (16 October 2020). "Today we welcome 11th Signals & West Midlands Bde to @3rdUKDivision.@R_Signals soldiers enable our command & control systems & are now with us at the forefront of national operations. Welcome to the Iron Division!@BritishArmy@3UKDivComdSM @11SigWMBde" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  30. ^ "6th UK Division". army.mod.uk. British Army. 16 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  31. ^ "Royal Signals Journal" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  32. ^ "Army 2020 listing" (PDF).
  33. ^ "The Wire | Royal Corps of Signals".
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Royal Corps of Signals: The Wire, Spring 2021.
  35. ^ "Regular Army Basing Matrix by Formation and Unit" (PDF). Army Families Federation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 August 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  36. ^ "British Army units from 1945 on - 250 to 253 Squadrons". british-army-units1945on.co.uk. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  37. ^ Royal Corps of Signals, The Wire – Winter 2020.
  38. ^ Royal Corps of Signals, The Wire: Spring 2021.
  39. ^ Redshaw, Bernard (August 2005). "A New Royal Signals Unit" (PDF). The wire : The Magazine of the Royal Corps of Signals. Vol. 59, no. 4. Portsmouth: Holbrook Printers Ltd. ISSN 1462-9259. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 January 2007.
  40. ^ "Hansard – House of Commons Written Answers 26 January 2011". Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  41. ^ Kirstie Chambers (18 September 2020). "Princess Anne Joins Gurkha Signals For Double Celebration". Forces Network. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  42. ^ "299 Sig Sqn (SC)". British Army. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017.
  43. ^ "Army's NATO-Exclusive Unit Rebranded". Forces News. 27 July 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
  44. ^ Royal Corps of Signals, The Wire Summer 2021
  45. ^ "Falkland Islands: Signals Unit Gets Its Own Crest For Protecting The Islands". Forces Network. 21 June 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  46. ^ British Army, Royal Corps of Signals: The Wire Magazine. Autumn 2021 Edition, pp. 32–33. Blandford Camp, Dorset, United Kingdom. Retrieved 28 December 2021
  47. ^ "Royal Corps of Signals". www.army.mod.uk. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  48. ^ a b c d e "The Royal Corps of Signals Regimental Information". British Army. November 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  49. ^ The British Army (13 January 2009). "The British Army - CVHQ". Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  50. ^ "Homepage of ACF/CCF Signals Training". Archived from the original on 4 March 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2008.

Further reading

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