The expression rice Christian is a derogatory slur used to describe someone who has formally converted to Christianity for material benefits rather than for religious reasons.[1] Merriam-Webster dictionary defines it as "a convert to Christianity who accepts baptism not on the basis of personal conviction but out of a desire for food, medical services, or other benefits".[2]
Similarly, in India, the term rice bag or rice bag convert is used as a derogatory slur targeting Christians, alleging that the target has converted to Christianity for a bag of rice.[3][4][5] The term is often used by right-wing Hindutva groups in India.[6][7]
Concerns have been expressed both by Christian missionaries and by those opposed to Christian missions that people in these situations are only nominally converting to Christianity in order to receive charity or material advancements.[8][better source needed]
History
editOne of the earliest examples of this concept in English appeared in 1689 with the writings of William Dampier when he wrote regarding the French priests' effort to convert people of Tonkin that "alms of rice have converted more than their preaching."[9]
This term and the topic were very extensively written about by Thomas Hale, Jr. He introduced the topic in his first 1986 book Don't Let the Goats Eat the Loquat Trees and spoke and taught on best practices in missions summarizing his work in his 1995 book On Being a Missionary. The term has also been used pejoratively to describe conversions by missionaries who exploit poverty and famine, where food and other allurements are given in exchange for conversion.[10] In Christian Witness in a Multi-Religious World: Recommendations for Conduct, a document issued by the World Council of Churches in 2011, one of the points raised states "If Christians engage in inappropriate methods of exercising mission by resorting to deception and coercive means, they betray the gospel and may cause suffering to others." Principles 4 and 5 of this document outline that "Acts of service, such as providing education, health care, relief services and acts of justice and advocacy are an integral part of witnessing to the gospel. The exploitation of situations of poverty and need has no place in Christian outreach. Christians should denounce and refrain from offering all forms of allurements, including financial incentives and rewards, in their acts of service...as they carry out these ministries, fully respecting human dignity and ensuring that the vulnerability of people and their need for healing are not exploited."[11] These admonitions are seen as to prevent false conversions which produce such so-called rice Christians.[12][13]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "Rice Christians". Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898. Retrieved 17 April 2007.
- ^ "Rice Christian - Definition of Rice Christian". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
- ^ John, Rachel (28 March 2021). "Jhansi train incident with nuns shows Christian habits are the new skullcaps in India". ThePrint. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- ^ "The Term "rice bag" is a Derogatory way to Curb Dissent - SheThePeople TV". Shethepeople Tv. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- ^ Dhanraj, Christina (10 December 2019). "How Babasaheb helped me understand my identity as a Dalit-Christian". The Indian Express. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- ^ Daniyal, Shoaib (17 July 2020). "Why have Hindutva online armies launched a concerted attack on India's stand-up comedians?". Scroll.in. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- ^ "False claim that Disha Ravi is Christian viral on social media". Alt News. 17 February 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- ^ Way of Life Baptist publication (11 July 2005). "Baptists Tired of Being Swindled by Rice Christians". ChristianAggression.org. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 17 April 2007.
- ^ Diana & Michael Preston (2004). A Pirate of Exquisite Mind. Walker & Company. ISBN 042520037X.Chapter XV
- ^ Strangio, Sebastian (3 September 2008). "Proselytising amid the poverty". The Phnom Penh Post.
- ^ "Christian Witness in a Multi-Religious World: Recommendations for Conduct". www.vatican.va. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
- ^ "New Code of Conduct for Christian Witness - East-West Church & Ministry Report". www.eastwestreport.org. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
- ^ Clarke, Gerard. "Religion and development: Challenges for donors and for faith groups" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2014.