The Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928[1] was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. This act expanded on the Representation of the People Act 1918 which had given some women the vote in Parliamentary elections for the first time after World War I. It is sometimes referred to as the Fifth Reform Act.[2][3]
 | |
| Long title | An Act to assimilate the franchises for men and women in respect of parliamentary and local government elections; and for purposes consequential thereon. |
|---|---|
| Citation | 18 & 19 Geo. 5 c. 12 |
| Territorial extent | United Kingdom |
| Dates | |
| Royal assent | 2 July 1928 |
| Commencement | No |
| Other legislation | |
| Repealed by | Representation of the People Act 1948 |
Status: Repealed | |
| Text of statute as originally enacted | |
The 1928 Act widened suffrage by giving women electoral equality with men. It gave the vote to all women over 21 years old, regardless of property ownership. Prior to this act only women over 30 who met minimum property qualifications could vote.
Passing of the act
editThe act was passed by the Conservative Party without much opposition from other parties.[citation needed]
The bill became law on 2 July 1928, having been introduced in March. The leader of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies who had campaigned for the vote, Millicent Fawcett, was still alive and attended the parliament session to see the vote take place. She wrote in her diary the same night "It is almost exactly 61 years ago since I heard John Stuart Mill introduce his suffrage amendment to the Reform Bill on 20 May 1867. So I have had extraordinary good luck in having seen the struggle from the beginning.”[citation needed]
On 5 August 1928, Millicent Fawcett obtained a letter from the prime minister Stanley Baldwin. He points out that even though there were obstacles in passing the bill, he always believed it would be ratified in "the simple and complete form it ultimately assumed".[4] He finishes the letter by expressing a hope that equal vote would be beneficial for the country and it would serve for the greater good in the United Kingdom.[4]
Results
editThe Act added five million more women to the electoral roll and had the effect of making women a majority, 52.7%, of the electorate in the 1929 general election,[5] which was termed the "Flapper Election".[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Hansard, House of Commons, fifth edition, vol 219, col 1035
- ^ Albjerg, Victor Lincoln; Albjerg, Esther Marguerite Hall; Albjerg, Marguerite Hall (1951). Europe from 1914 to the Present. McGraw-Hill. p. 257.
- ^ Cole, G. D. H. (7 December 2018). British Working Class Politics, 1832-1914. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-82018-2.
- ^ a b Baldwin, Stanley. Letter to Fawcett, Millicent. 5 Aug. 1928. MS
- ^ Heater, Derek (2006). Citizenship in Britain: A History. Edinburgh University Press. p. 145. ISBN 9780748626724.
- ^ "The British General Election of 1929". CQ Researcher by CQ Press. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
Further reading
edit- Berthezène, Clarisse, and Julie Gottlieb, eds., Rethinking Right-Wing Women: Gender And The Conservative Party, 1880s To The Present (Manchester UP, 2018).
- Jarvis, David. "Mrs Maggs and Betty: The Conservative Appeal to Women Voters in the 1920s." Twentieth Century British History 5.2 (1994): 129–152.
- Thackeray, David. "Building a peaceable party: masculine identities in British Conservative politics, c. 1903–24." Historical Research 85.230 (2012): 651–673.