Redzikowo [rɛd͡ʑiˈkɔvɔ] (German: Reitz)[1] is a village in northern Poland, located in Gmina Słupsk, Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, 5 km to the east of Słupsk.
Redzikowo | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Swimming pool in Redzikowo | |
  Redzikowo | |
| Coordinates: 54°28′22″N 17°7′23″E / 54.47278°N 17.12306°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomerania |
| Powiat | Słupsk |
| Gmina | Słupsk |
| Government | |
| • Sołtys | Jerzy Wroniszewski |
| Area | |
• Total | 16.57 km2 (6.40 sq mi) |
| Population (2024) | |
• Total | 1,400 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Website | redzikowo.pl |
Just to the north of it is the Słupsk-Redzikowo Airport which is the site of a US missile defense complex that was planned to be built by 2012.[2] The original project was cancelled in September 2009.[3] The Aegis Ashore component of the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System was constructed instead, starting in 2018.[4][5] After some construction delays, the Naval Support Facility-Redzikowo became operational in 2023.[6][7][8][9][10]
History
editThe village is first mentioned in historical records from 1288, when Pomerelian duke Mestwin II granted the village to a monastery of Norbertine nuns. In subsequent centuries Reitz had been a fief owned in succession by various German noble families.[11] Like other parts of Pommerania being part of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nation for centuries, in the 18th century the village became part of the Kingdom of Prussia, and in 1871 it became part of the German Empire. In 1814 the manor was sold to the Arnold family. In 1938 the last owner of the estate had been Friedrich Wilhelm von Arnold til his expulsion 1945.
In 1935[12] the construction of an airfield named Stolp-Reitz started next to the village (earlier airfield named Stolp-West located in the area was built during World War I). Later the airfield became an Air Weapons School for the Luftwaffe, and a number of hangars and other buildings were added.
Towards the end of the Second World War, on March 8, 1945, the residents of Reitz began a trek to escape the approaching Red Army and reached Marienfelde, which belonged to the Lojow estate. They were overrun by the Red Army soldiers and returned to their home village at the end of April 1945. After the end of the hostilities, the region was handed over to the People's Republic of Poland for administration by the Soviet occupying forces. Reitz was administered under the polonized place name 'Redzikowo'. From the end of World War II to 1950 the base was used by the Soviet Air Force. Although after the end of the war the region became part of People's Republic of Poland, Redzikowo and its airfield remained under Russian control until 1950. It was handed over to the Polish Air Force in 1950. The deportation of the local ethnic German population by the Polish administration only took place in 1950.
The base was subsequently used by the 28 Słupski Pułk Lotnictwa Myśliwskiego (28th Słupsk Fighter Aviation Regiment, disbanded in 1999). It also functioned for a time as a civil airport. At present the airfield is only used by small civil airplanes.
Aegis Ashore
editThe governments of the United States and Poland approved the building and operation of an Aegis Ashore AN/SPY-1 system adjacent to the village. Delays added around four years to the construction process, stretching the start of operations into 2023. Another system is at Deveselu, Romania, and has been operational since 2016. They are part of the European Phased Adaptive Approach to regional missile defence against threats from Iran and includes Aegis radar-capable ships based at Rota, Spain, and AN/TPY-2 radar in Turkey (operational since 2011).[13][14] Naval Support Facility-Redzikowo was declared operational on 13 November 2024.[15]
References
edit- ^ Ortsnamenverzeichnis der Ortschaften jenseits von Oder und Neiße by M. Kaemmerer
- ^ "Polish PM: nothing to fear over base". AP. August 30, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-30.[dead link]
- ^ Baker, Peter (September 17, 2009). "White House Scraps Bush's Approach to Missile Shield". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-09-19.
- ^ "Centrum tarczy antyrakietowej w Niemczech". Gazeta Wyborcza. 2012-02-02.
- ^ Modifications of the U.S. Missile Defence; Plans in Europe by Jacek Durkalec
- ^ Andrew Eversden (12 August 2022). "Missile defense chief 'confident' Poland's Aegis Ashore ready in 2023". breakingdefense.com.
- ^ Megan Eckstein (12 March 2020). "MDA, Army Withholding Pay as Aegis Ashore Poland Construction Still Drags". United States Naval Institute. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- ^ Naval Support Facility - Redzikowo Includes a MWR-style link with instructions for US Navy personnel, about getting to-or-from NSF-Redzikowo. accessdate 29 Jan 2022
- ^ (27 Jan 2022) Sailors move in to the Navy’s newest base on Poland’s Baltic coast NSF-Redzikowo
- ^ Ido Vock (11 Dec 2023) US anti-missile base in Poland to start operations - Polish PM
- ^ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann: Ausführliche Beschreibung des gegenwärtigen Zustandes des Königlich-Preußischen Herzogtums Vor- und Hinterpommern. Part II, Vol. 2, Stettin 1784, p. 996, no. 109 (in German)
- ^ Stolp Flugplatz. Stolp-Pommern.de Website on Stolp in Pomerania and Regional History (German language)[permanent dead link]
- ^ CSIS (30 Jun 2021) AN/TPY-2 Radar
- ^ Construction of Aegis Ashore in Poland nearing completion, Jen Judson, DefenseNews, 2022-03-10
- ^ "US and Polish officials open missile defense site that Russia has long protested". Associated Press. November 13, 2024.
External links
edit- [1] Demonstration in Redzikowo, March 29, 2008