Prince Heng of the First Rank, or simply Prince Heng, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Heng peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.

Prince Heng of the First Rank
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese和碩恆親王
Simplified Chinese和硕恒亲王
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyinhéshuò héng qīnwáng
Wade–Gilesho-shuo heng ch'in-wang
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡥᠣᡧᠣᡳ
ᡨᠣᠮᠣᡥᠣᠩᡤᠣ
ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ
Romanizationhošoi tomohonggo cin wang

The first bearer of the title was Yunqi (允祺; 1680–1732), the Kangxi Emperor's fifth son. He was granted the title "Prince Heng of the First Rank" by his father in 1709. The title was passed down over nine generations and held by 12 persons.

Members of the Prince Heng peerage

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  • Yunqi (允祺; 1680–1732), the Kangxi Emperor's fifth son, initially a beile from 1698 to 1709, promoted to Prince Heng of the First Rank in 1709, posthumously honoured as Prince Hengwen of the First Rank (恆溫親王)
    • Hongzhi (弘晊; 1700–1775), Yunqi's second son, initially a feng'en fuguo gong, promoted to feng'en zhenguo gong in 1727 and then to Prince Heng of the First Rank in 1732, posthumously honoured as Prince Hengke of the First Rank (恆恪親王)
      • Yonghao (永皓; 1755–1788), Hongzhi's tenth son, held the title Prince Heng of the Second Rank from 1775 to 1788, posthumously honoured as Prince Hengjing of the Second Rank (恆敬郡王)
    • Hongsheng (弘昇; 1696–1754), Yunqi's eldest son, held the title Prince Heng of the First Rank from 1720 to 1727, stripped of his title in 1727, posthumously honoured as a beile under the title Gongke Beile (恭恪貝勒) in 1754
    • Hong'ang (弘昂; 1705–1782), Yunqi's fourth son, held the title of a first class zhenguo jiangjun from 1725 to 1775, stripped of his title in 1775
    • Hongxu (弘昫; 1710–1753), Yunqi's sixth son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1735 to 1740
      • Yongqing (永慶), Hongxu's second son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1740 to 1777
        • Mianzhang (綿彰), Yongqing's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1777 to 1810
    • Hongtong (弘曈; 1711–1754), Yunqi's seventh son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1735 to 1741
      • Yongnai (永鼐), Hongtong's second son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun in 1741
      • Yongchun (永春), Hongtong's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1741 to 1758
        • Miangang (綿綱), Yongchun's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1759 to 1760, stripped of his title in 1760
      • Yongxin (永馨), Hongzhi's eldest son, held the title of a second class fuguo jiangjun from 1756 to 1760

Family tree

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adoption
Yunqi
允祺
(1680–1732)
Prince Hengwen of the First Rank
恆溫親王
(1709–1732)
Hongsheng
弘昇
(1696–1754)
Gongke Beile
恭恪貝勒
(posthumously awarded)
Hongzhi
弘晊
(1700–1775)
Prince Hengke of the First Rank
恆恪親王
(1732–1775)
Yongze
永澤
(1741–1810)
Beizi
貝子
(1790–1810)
Yongxun
永勳
(1738–1786)
Second Class Fengguo Jiangjun
二等奉國將軍
(1765–1781)
Yonghao
永皓
(1755–1788)
Prince Hengjing of the Second Rank
恆敬郡王
(1775–1788)
Mianjiang
綿疆
(1777–1811)
Feng'en Zhenguo Gong
奉恩鎮國公
(1810–1811)
Miansong
綿崧
(1780–1837)
Feng'en Fuguo Gong
奉恩輔國公
(1835–1837)
Mianhuai
綿懷
(1770–1814)
Yikui
奕奎
(1803–1841)
Feng'en Zhenguo Gong
奉恩鎮國公
(1811–1835)
(stripped of his title)
Yili
奕禮
(1792–1849)
Feng'en Fuguo Gong
奉恩輔國公
(1839–1849)
Zaifu
載茯
(1809–1862)
Feng'en Fuguo Gong
奉恩輔國公
(1849–1862)
Puquan
溥泉
(1836–1864)
Buru Bafen Fuguo Gong
不入八分輔國公
(1863–1864)
Yusen
毓森
(1860–?)
Buru Bafen Fuguo Gong
不入八分輔國公
(1865–?)
Henggui
恆溎
(1911–?)
Buru Bafen Fuguo Gong
不入八分輔國公

See also

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References

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  • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Vol. 220. China.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)