Pontianak Malay (Bahase Melayu Pontianak, Indonesian: Bahasa Pontianak, Jawi script: بهاس ملايو ڤونتيانق) is a Malay language spoken in Pontianak, Indonesia and the surrounding area.
| Pontianak Malay | |
|---|---|
| Bahase Melayu Pontianak بهاس ملايو ڤونتيانق | |
| Native to | Indonesia (West Kalimantan) |
| Region | Pontianak, Kubu Raya, Ketapang, and Mempawah |
| Ethnicity | Pontianak Malays |
Native speakers | (undated figure of 280,000)[1] |
| Latin script and Jawi script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | (covered by zlm) |
zlm-rit | |
| Glottolog | None |
It is one of the two major varieties of Malayic languages spoken in West Kalimantan,[2] the other being Sambas Malay. Pontianak Malay is a close relative of Sambas as well as Sarawak Malay in neighbouring Sarawak, Malaysia. Elements from Johor–Riau Malay, Chinese, Banjarese, Indonesian, and various Dayak languages as well as many localism can be seen in the language, reflecting the various ethnic origins residing in the city.
Although Pontianak is relatively homogeneous, some regional dialects are notable. The Malay varieties spoken in Pontianak, Kubu Raya, Ketapang, and Mempawah differ slightly from each other. Differences exist both in terms of vocabulary and phonology.
Linguistic features
editThe pronunciation system in Pontianak Malay language stresses the usage of the /ə/, which makes it more similar to the Johor–Riau variant as compared to other Coastal Bornean Malay dialects and the standard Indonesian language. Another notable feature of the accent is the Voiced velar fricative in pronouncing the letter R which similarly used in Sarawakian Malay. In addition, the spoken interjection of Bah is widely used in Pontianak , corresponding to the usage of language observed throughout coastal Borneo.
Determination as WBTB
editIn 2020, Pontianak Malay was designated as "Intangible Cultural heritage of Indonesia" (Warisan Budaya Tak Benda; WBTB) with registration number 202001197.[3][4][5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Pontianak Malay at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Rusnalasari, Zulidiana D.; Alfath, Tahegga Primananda; Wasil, Muhammad; Ade, Reswanda T.; Arumsari, Andini Dwi; Wardhana, Rony (2019-10-16). ICBLP 2019: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Business, Law And Pedagogy, ICBLP 2019, 13-15 February 2019, Sidoarjo, Indonesia. European Alliance for Innovation. p. 536. ISBN 978-1-63190-199-7.
- ^ "Bahasa Melayu Pontianak". Warisan Budaya Takbenda (in Indonesian). Retrieved 20 March 2022.
- ^ Ibrahim, Jemi (9 October 2020). "Bahasa Melayu Pontianak Ditetapkan sebagai WBTB". Pemerintah Kota Pontianak (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2022-04-07. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
- ^ Darsani, Hamdan (9 October 2020). Musliadi, Rivaldi Ade (ed.). "Bahasa Melayu Pontianak Ditetapkan Sebagai Warisan Budaya Tak Benda". Tribunnews.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 18 March 2022.