The Polyporaceae (/pɔːlprsiˌ, -sˌ/) are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota. The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough. Most members of this family have their hymenium (fertile layer) in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills (e.g. Panus) or gill-like structures (such as Daedaleopsis, whose elongated pores form a corky labyrinth). Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.

Polyporaceae
Dryad's saddle (Cerioporus squamosus)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Polyporaceae
Fr. ex Corda (1839)[1]
Type genus
Polyporus
P.Micheli ex Adans. (1763)
Synonyms[2]
  • Ganodermataceae (Donk) Donk (1948)
  • Coriolaceae Singer (1961)
  • Cryptoporaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Echinochaetaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Fomitaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Grammotheleaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Haddowiaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Microporaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Pachykytosporaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Perenniporiaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Sparsitubaceae Jülich (1981)
  • Lophariaceae Boidin, Mugnier & Canales (1998)
  • Trametaceae Boidin, Mugnier & Canales (1998)

Most of these fungi have white spore powder but members of the genus Abundisporus have colored spores and produce yellowish spore prints. Cystidia are absent.

Taxonomy

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In his 1838 work Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici seu Synopsis Hymenomycetum, Elias Magnus Fries introduced the "Polyporei".[3] August Corda published the name validly the following year, retaining Fries's concept.[1] American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill, in a series of publications in the early 1900s, classified the polypores into a more organized family of 78 genera, including 29 that were monotypic, and 39 that were new to science.[4] Around the same time as Murrill, Curtis Gates Lloyd devoted considerable effort in sorting polypore taxonomy, and amassed a large and diverse collection of fruit bodies from around the world.[5] In his 1953 monograph The Polyporaceae of the European U.S.S.R. and Caucasia, Apollinarii Semenovich Bondartsev included 54 genera in the Polyporaceae, which he further divided into five subfamilies and 10 tribes.[6] Several works contributing to the systematics of the Polyporaceae were published in the following decades, including Marinus Anton Donk (1960, 1964),[7][8] Gordon Heriot Cunningham (1965),[9] and David Pegler (1973).[10]

Genera

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Datronia mollis
 
Favolus tenuiculus
 
Hapalopilus nidulans
 
Polyporus umbellatus
 
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus
 
Tyromyces galactinus
 
Ryvardenia cretacea

As of April 2018, Index Fungorum accepts 114 genera and 1621 species in the Polyporaceae:[11]

In a proposed family-level classification of the Polyporales based on molecular phylogenetics, Alfredo Justo and colleagues propose synonymizing the Ganodermataceae with the Polyporaceae, and accept 44 genera in this family: Abundisporus, Amauroderma, Cerarioporia, Colospora, Cryptoporus, Datronia, Datroniella, Dendrodontia, Dentocorticium, Dichomitus, Donkioporia, Earliella, Echinochaete, Epithele, Favolus, Fomes, Fomitella, Ganoderma, Grammothele, Grammothelopsis, Hexagonia, Haploporus, Hornodermoporus, Lentinus, Lignosus, Lopharia, Megasporia, Megasporoporia, Melanoderma, Microporellus, Microporus, Neodatronia, Neofavolus, Pachykytospora, Perenniporia, Perenniporiella, Pseudofavolus, Pyrofomes, Tinctoporellus, Tomophagus, Trametes, Truncospora, Vanderbylia, and Yuchengia.[2]

References

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  1. ^ a b Corda, A.C.J. (1839). Icones fungorum hucusque cognitorum. Vol. 3. p. 49.
  2. ^ a b Justo, Alfredo; Miettinen, Otto; Floudas, Dimitrios; Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz; Sjökvist, Elisabet; Lindner, Daniel; Nakasone, Karen; Niemelä, Tuomo; Larsson, Karl-Henrik; Ryvarden, Leif; Hibbett, David S. (2017). "A revised family-level classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota)". Fungal Biology. 121 (9): 798–824. Bibcode:2017FunB..121..798J. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.010. PMID 28800851.
  3. ^ Fries, E. M. (1838). Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici: Seu Synopsis Hymenomycetum [A Critical Study of Mycology: A Synopsis of the Hymenomycetes] (in Latin). Vol. 1–2. Uppsala, Sweden: Regiae Academiae Typographia. p. 408.
  4. ^ For example:
  5. ^ Lowe, Josiah L. (1963). "The Polyporaceae of the world". Mycologia. 55 (1): 1–12. doi:10.2307/3756376. JSTOR 3756376.
  6. ^ Bondartsev, A.S. (1953). The Polyporaceae of the European USSR and Caucasia. Moscow: Israel Program for Scientific Translations.
  7. ^ Donk, M.A. (1960). "The generic names proposed for Polyporaceae". Persoonia. 1 (2): 173–302.
  8. ^ Donk, M.A. (1964). "A conspectus of the families of Aphyllophorales". Persoonia. 3 (2): 199–324.
  9. ^ Cunningham, G.H. (1965). "Polyporaceae of New Zealand". New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin. 164: 1–304.
  10. ^ Pegler, D.N. (1973). "Aphyllophorales IV. Poroid families". In Ainsworth, G.C.; Sparrow, F.K.; Sussaman, A.S. (eds.). The Fungi IV-B an advance treatise. Vol. IV B. New York and London: Academic press. pp. 397–420.
  11. ^ Kirk, P.M. "Species Fungorum (version 28th March 2018). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
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  18. ^ Ariyawansa Hiran A.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Jayasiri, Subashini C.; et al. (2015). "Fungal diversity notes 111–252 – taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 75 (1): 27–274. doi:10.1007/s13225-015-0346-5. S2CID 62809402.
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  27. ^ Nakasone, K.K. (2013). "Taxonomy of Epithele (Polyporales, Basidiomycota)". Sydowia. 65: 59–112.
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  30. ^ Palacio, Melissa; Robledo, Gerardo Lucio; Reck, Mateus Arduvino; Grassi, Emanuel; Góes-Neto, Aristóteles; Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo (2017). "Decrypting the Polyporus dictyopus complex: Recovery of Atroporus Ryvarden and segregation of Neodictyopus gen. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomyocta)". PLOS ONE. 12 (10): e0186183. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1286183P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186183. PMC 5648139. PMID 29049417.
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  40. ^ Ryvarden, L. (1973). "New genera in the Polyporaceae". Norwegian Journal of Botany. 20 (1): 1–5.
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