The People's Civil Guard (Greek: Λαϊκή Πολιτοφυλακή, ΛΠ, Laïkí Politofylakí) was the security force of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) during the Greek Civil War (1946–49). It was the police counterpart of the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE), KKE's military force.[1] It was actually the successor of the National Civil Guard, which was the successor of the Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle (OPLA).
The People's Civil Guard included both men and women; all of them were volunteers and ideologically dedicated to the Communist Party, a situation different from that of the DSE, which engaged in forced recruitment, especially in the last stages of the Civil War.[2]
In June 1948, the KKE leadership published a booklet to be studied by the civil guards, "Lessons of Popular Civil Guard" (Μαθήματα Λαϊκής Πολιτοφυλακής, Mathímata Laïkís Politofylakís), where it was emphasized that the Popular Civil Guard was a security force "of a new type", different from the Greek Gendarmerie and the Cities Police of the Greek government, whose aim was to serve the people.[3]
Initially the People's Civil Guard was commanded by Stephanos Papayannis, a former Captain of the Greek Army who had joined the Communist Party during World War II, and had fought in the Greek Resistance against the Nazis; later however, Vasilis Bartziotas, a Communist Party cadre took command.[4]
In northern Greece it was also named and it was much known as Close Self-Defense (Greek: Στενή Αυτοάμυνα).
References
edit- ^ Αρχεία Εμφυλίου Πολέμου: (1944-1949), Διεύθυνση Ιστορίας Στρατού Γενικού Επιτελείου Στρατού, 1998, Τόμος 1, σελίδα 237
- ^ Archeía Emfylíou Polémou: (1944-1949) Αρχεία Εμφυλίου Πολέμου: (1944-1949) [Civil War Archives: (1944-1949)] (in Greek). Vol. 1. Army History Directorate of the Army General Staff. 1998. p. 237.
- ^ Mathímata Laïkís Politofylakís Μαθήματα Λαϊκής Πολιτοφυλακής [People's Militia Courses] (in Greek). p. 3.
- ^ Ελεύθερος Κόσμος, 24/8/69