Wikipedia

Patricia Bullrich

Patricia Bullrich (Latin American Spanish: [paˈtɾisja ˈβulritʃ] ⓘ; born 11 June 1956) is an Argentine professor and politician who was appointed Minister of Security in 2023 under president Javier Milei, having previously held the office under president Mauricio Macri from 2015 to 2019. She was the chairwoman of Republican Proposal, until 2024.[2]

Patricia Bullrich
Bullrich in 2024
Minister of Security
Incumbent
Assumed office
10 December 2023
PresidentJavier Milei
Preceded byAníbal Fernández
In office
10 December 2015 – 10 December 2019
PresidentMauricio Macri
Preceded byMaría Cecilia Rodríguez
Succeeded bySabina Frederic
National Deputy
In office
10 December 2007 – 10 December 2015
ConstituencyCity of Buenos Aires
In office
10 December 1993 – 10 December 1997
ConstituencyCity of Buenos Aires
Minister of Social Security
In office
31 October 2001 – 13 November 2001
PresidentFernando de la Rúa
Preceded by
  • Jorge Antonio San Martino
  • (Secretary of State)
Succeeded byJosé Gabriel Dumón
Minister of Labour, Employment and Human Resources
In office
6 October 2000 – 29 October 2001
PresidentFernando de la Rúa
Preceded byAlberto Flamarique
Succeeded byJosé Gabriel Dumón
Secretary of Criminal Policy and Penitentiary Affairs
In office
15 December 1999 – 5 October 2000
PresidentFernando de la Rúa
Preceded byJulio Enrique Aparicio
Succeeded byMariano Ciafardini
Personal details
Born (1956-06-11) 11 June 1956 (age 68)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Political partyJusticialist Party (1983–1996)
New Leadership (1996–1999)
Union for Freedom (2002–2018)
Republican Proposal (since 2018)
Other political
affiliations		Alliance for Work, Justice and Education (1999–2001)
Civic Coalition (2007–2011)
PRO Union (2013–2015)
Juntos por el Cambio (since 2015)
Spouses
Marcelo Langieri
​
​
(m. 1975; div. 1982)​
Guillermo Yanco
​
(m. 1997)​
RelationsEsteban Bullrich (second cousin)[1]
Children1
Alma materUniversity of Palermo
Signature

Born in Buenos Aires, Bullrich graduated from the University of Palermo, and as a young woman she was involved with the Peronist Youth. Following the election of Macri to the presidency in the 2015 Argentine general election, it was announced that Bullrich had been nominated the Minister of Security.

Bullrich represented the hardest and most right-wing sector of the Together for Change coalition and the Republican Proposal party during both the 2023 Argentine primary and general elections as presidential candidate. Following her defeat in the first round of the general election, she decided to personally support Javier Milei on the second round. Later on, she was chosen to serve as Minister of Security by Milei after being elected President.

Early life

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Bullrich was born on 11 June 1956 in Buenos Aires, daughter of Alejandro Bullrich, a cardiologist, and Julieta Luro Pueyrredon. She belongs to two wealthy families on each of her parents' sides. On her mother's side, she belongs to the Pueyrredón family, a traditional lineage of Spanish, French, and Irish descent whose members featured prominently in the early years of Argentine Independence (such as Juan Martín de Pueyrredón and Honorio Pueyrredon).[3] On her father's side, she descends from Adolfo Bullrich, a businessman and politician of German ancestry, who served as Mayor of Buenos Aires from 1898 to 1902.[4] Although it was a wealthy family, Alejandro and Julieta divorced, and Patricia adjusted to a simpler lifestyle when her mother got a job as publicist.[5]

She became politically engaged from an early age, abandoning a potential career in field hockey to dedicate herself fully to political activism.[6] She also worked at the Cheburger fast food joint and became a member of the food workers' union, encouraging coworkers to unionise as well.[7]

She is the cousin of Fabiana Cantilo, and introduced her to Argentine rock. In the TV program "Almorzando con Mirtha Legrand" Cantilo explained that their mothers were siblings, had a frequent relation, and that Bullrich invited her to a concert of the band Pescado Rabioso, led by Luis Alberto Spinetta. This was the first concert that Fabiana Cantilo had attended, years before becoming a rock singer herself.[8] Patricia skipped school classes one day to attend the music competition TV program "Si lo sabe cante", where she sang the song "El extraño de pelo largo" of La Joven Guardia. She was defeated in the competition.[5]

Peronist Youth years

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Patricia's grandmother, daughter of Honorio Pueyrredon, took her to meet Ricardo Balbín, leader of the Radical Civic Union (UCR). The meeting had the opposite effect than expected, as there was a huge generation gap between them. Rather than make her embrace the ideas of the UCR, supportive of liberal democracy, she rejected Balbín and chose Peronism instead, which proposed far-left politics at the time.[8] She joined the Peronist Youth (JP), the youth wing of the Peronist movement, aged 17. On 20 June 1973, she joined the procession to Ezeiza to bear witness to Juan Perón's return to Argentina following his 18-year exile, but left before the Ezeiza Massacre took place that same day.[9]

She was also present at the Plaza de Mayo on the International Workers' Day of 1974, when Perón, who had once again become president of Argentina, expelled the Montoneros and the left-wing youth groups from the celebrations. Although both the Peronist unions and guerrillas such as Montoneros had worked together against the Argentine Revolution dictatorship, they had begun a dispute over their political clout on the new democratic government; with the aforementioned expulsion Perón openly sided with the unions. Bullrich herself was a member of the Montoneros, active in the Columna Norte subgroup commanded by Rodolfo Galimberti.[10] Her nom-de-guerre within the organization was "Cali".[10] Galimberti was Bullrich's brother-in-law, as he was married with Bullrich's sister, Julieta.[11] Bullrich has denied being a Montoneros member, and maintains that she was just a member of the JP.[12][13]

Perón died in 1974 and the Dirty War, an armed conflict between the Montoneros and the military, worsened: the guerrillas resumed the tactics used years before to attempt to remove the current authorities from power. In 1975, Bullrich was arrested for spray-painting political messages on the entrance of the University of Buenos Aires Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, and spent six months in prison. Upon being released, she dropped out of her sociology degree at the University of Buenos Aires and enrolled at the Universidad de Belgrano to study law.[7] She also rejoined the Columna Norte. By the end of 1975, she started dating Marcelo Langieri, secretary of Galimberti.[14] The 1976 coup d'état established a military dictatorship, the National Reorganization Process, that continued the armed conflict against the Montoneros. Montoneros organized an attack on September 4, 1976, that would kill a manager of the Sudamtex textile firm while in his car. Patricia Bullrich had to be on the scene, pretending to be a casual student, but felt that she was being followed and escaped. The military, who had abducted one of the masterminds of the plan, knew about the imminent attack beforehand, which allowed them to surprise the Montoneros and kill the whole unit.[10] In January 1977, Galimberti and Bullrich attached an improvised explosive device to the car of Pepe Noguer, mayor of San Isidro. The device exploded, injuring the daughter and the daughter-in-law of the mayor, Ana María Noguer, and Hortensia M. de Noguer.[10]

Patricia Bullrich went into exile in 1977 with her partner Marcelo Langieri, first settling in Brazil, and later in Mexico, Spain and France.[5] She was still a member of Montoneros living abroad, until Galimberti cut ties with the organization in 1979.[10] She returned briefly to Argentina on that year, to give birth to her son Francisco.[5]

Political career

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Bullrich returned to the country after the 1982 Falklands War.[9] She had conflicts with Dante Gullo over the reorganization of the JP, thinking that it should have its own political leaders rather than follow the older ones.[15] Peronism lost the 1983 Argentine general election, so she joined the internal faction of Antonio Cafiero that sought to renew the party. Peronism returned to power in 1989 when Carlos Menem won the 1989 Argentine general election. She was elected deputy for the Justicialist Party (PJ) in 1993, alongside Erman González.[5] She proposed over two hundred bills, including the Art University law, the Cinema law, and the Leasing Contract law.[16] In 1995, she was named the Legislator of the Year.[16]

Patricia Bullrich left the PJ in 1996 and started New Leadership alongside Gustavo Béliz. She had disagreements with him because she thought that he managed the party unilaterally, without making her part of the decisions.[17] She left the party as a result and, after briefly considering joining the Frepaso, she started another party. Initially named Cambio 97, it was soon renamed "Unión por Todos" (UPT) as the Cambio 97 name had already been registered. The new party did not get enough votes to allow her to be reelected as deputy in the 1997 Argentine legislative election. Since then, she worked for the Buenos Aires Province on security matters, assisting the municipality of Hurlingham. She resigned in 1998, because of conflicts with León Arslanián, minister of justice of the province.[18]

 
Patricia Bullrich at the time she served as deputy.

In 1999, the UPT became part of the Alliance for Work, Justice and Education, which took Fernando de la Rúa to the Presidency. Bullrich was appointed to office in the Department of Criminal Policy and Penitentiary Matters. In 2001, she was made a cabinet minister, as Secretary of Labour, Employment and Human Resources and, later that year, as Secretary of Social Security.[16] In 2001 she announced a cut of 13% on the retirement wages above $574, 16% of all retirees, which would reduce the deficit by 68.6 millions of pesos.[19]

De la Rúa resigned, and eventually the governor of Buenos Aires Eduardo Duhalde was appointed president by the Congress. Bullrich relaunched the UPT in 2002, aiming for the 2003 presidential elections. The party platform announced reforms on labor and education.[20] The UPT did not take part in the elections, supporting instead Ricardo López Murphy of the Recreate for Growth party,[21] who ended in the third place. Both parties united in the alliance "Unión para Recrear Buenos Aires", proposing Bullrich for mayor of Buenos Aires. She ended in the fourth place, with 9.76% of the vote.[22]

The UPT joined forces with the Support for an Egalitarian Republic (ARI) and created the Civic Coalition to run for the 2007 Argentine general election, with Elisa Carrió as a candidate for president. Bullrich ran instead for deputy for Buenos Aires.[23] Her centrist politics and polemical history as a government minister, however, contributed to the disenchantment of a group of left-wing members of ARI who left the Civic Coalition.[24]

Minister of Security (2015-2019)

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Patricia Bullrich presents a report about the Resistencia Ancestral Mapuche organization.

Mauricio Macri was elected president in 2015 and Patricia Bullrich was appointed Minister of Security.[25] Within the first days, three criminals convicted by the triple crime escaped from a high-security prison, leading to a nation-wide operation to recapture them. Bullrich announced on January 9 that the three criminals had been captured, but, in reality, only one had been captured. She tendered her resignation to Macri because of the mistake, but Macri rejected it. The other two criminals were captured a few days later.[26]

Bullrich proposed a protocol to remove roadblocks caused by piqueteros. Such blocks should be announced in advance, restrict only part of the roads, and last for a short time. They should cease if ordered so by the police, and those who commit violent actions shall be detained. This protocol was approved by a meeting of the ministers of security of all provinces of Argentina.[27] Horacio Rodríguez Larreta, chief of government of the Buenos Aires city, and María Eugenia Vidal, governor of the Buenos Aires province, refused to endorse it, as they thought that doing so could prove controversial. Instead, they preferred to negotiate and stay on good terms with organizations of piqueteros such as the Evita Movement.[28] Larreta also explained that the city does not need to endorse the protocols because it already has regulations for roadblocks.[29]

Resistencia Ancestral Mapuche (RAM) and the Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco (CAM), two Mapuche organizations that normally operate in Patagonia, expanded their attacks to the city of Buenos Aires. Their goal is to create a Mapuche nation, seceding from Argentina and Chile. Bullrich said that "We won't allow an autonomous mapuche republic inside Argentina; that's the logic of their request, the denial of the Argentine state, the anarchist logic. Our resolution is total and absolute in not allowing a group that uses violence as a way of action in Argentina."[30] Facundo Jones Huala, leader of RAM, claimed to be a political prisoner, and that the RAM only acts in self-defense on lands that used to belong to them.[31] Bullrich organized a joint command with the ministers of security of the Neuquén, Río Negro and Chubut Provinceprovinces against the RAM, and delivered a report of the actions taken against the organization, including 96 lawsuits, 2 of them for murder.[32]

The Argentine National Gendarmerie forced a group of Mapuche demonstrators to cease a roadblock next to the Chubut River, and the demonstrator Santiago Maldonado went missing after that. The case became a national scandal, with the Gendarmerie being accused of an alleged enforced disappearance, and by extension their political authorities, Bullrich and Macri. Bullrich gave her full support to the Gendarmerie. Maldonado was found dead some months later, drown in the Chubut river. Bullrich said "The whole world saw what happened with Maldonado. He stayed in the same place where he drowned, without being seen or touched by anyone. Neither the Gendarmerie nor our government would have made a person disappear".[9]

A tourist was stabbed ten times by thieves, who then ran away. The policeman Luis Chocobar shot one of the thieves, claiming that the thief made a movement suggesting he was about to fire a gun. However, a video released by Telefe Noticias showed that the criminal had his back to him. Bullrich, however, pointed out that the video was edited and did not show the exact moment of the gunshot.[33] Bullrich and Macri supported the actions of Chocobar, on the grounds that it would be a right of self-defense,[33] while human rights organizations considered it a case of police brutality.[9] Chocobar was sentenced for homicide four years later.[9]

Presidential candidate

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AI image posted by Javier Milei to announce his alliance with Bullrich.

The 2021 Argentine legislative election resulted in a victory for Juntos por el Cambio (JXC), with the libertarian party La Libertad Avanza led by Javier Milei, emerging as a significant third party.[34] Bullrich and Milei maintained a positive relationship and at one point considered forming an alliance for the 2023 Argentine general election. However, Milei ultimately decided to run independently with his own party.[35]

There was expectation that Mauricio Macri would run for president once again, as even in defeat he had got 41% of the vote in 2019 and his image had improved since then. However, he declined to do so, so the party had primary elections between Bullrich and Horacio Rodríguez Larreta. They represented the "hawks" and "doves" of the party. Macri did not openly side with any of them.[36] Bullrich chose the former legislator Luis Petri, from the UCR, as the candidate for vice-president. Petri had lost the primary elections for governor of Mendoza to Alfredo Cornejo a short time before. She chose him because he was young, sided with the "hawks", and not from Buenos Aires; and also because he worked with her during her time as minister of security. As Petri was from the UCR, Bullrich would secure the support of the radicals that were not pleased with the leadership of Gerardo Morales (who supported Larreta), and with the whole party if Larreta was defeated in the primaries. Other politicians briefly considered to run for vice-president under her were Carlos Melconian, Maximiliano Abad, Luis Naidenoff, and Ricardo López Murphy.[37]

Carlos Melconian was proposed instead as Bullrich's potential minister of economy. In contrast with Milei, who proposed a full dollarization of the economy, Melconian proposed instead a bimonetary economy, where both the Argentine peso and the United States dollar would be legal tender. Before implementing it, fiscal deficit would be eliminated, the by-laws of the Central Bank would be amended to prohibit money emission, and the restrictions to the use of US dollars would be removed.[38] She also proposed the creation of a maximum security prison named after former president Cristina Kirchner.[39]

The primary elections ended with a decisive victory of Bullrich over Larreta.[40]

Once the primaries were concluded, the candidates took part in the presidential debates, explaining their positions and proposals over several topics.[41] Bullrich promised to end inflation, and to end the roadblocks caused by piqueteros.[42]

Although the primary elections ended with the three main candidates, Bullrich, Milei and Peronist Sergio Massa in a close tie, Massa got ahead in the general election and won with 36% of the vote, followed by Milei with 30%. As a result, both candidates would go to a third ballotage election. Bullrich would not take part in it, as JXC ended in third place, but both candidates sought to get the support of her voters. Massa made a speech about institutional stability and public security, usual topics of the UCR and PRO respectively, and Milei focused on the need to join forces against Kirchnerism.[43] On 25 October 2023, Bullrich officially endorsed Javier Milei for the runoff election.[44] She did not ask the other parties within JXC, the UCR and the CC, for their opinion, as they have conflicting views over Milei. Both of them met the Wednesday after the elections to negotiate this support, alongside Macri. Milei announced the alliance on his X account, with an AI image of an embrace between a lion and a duck. Milei associates himself with imagery of lions, and "pato" ("duck") is a common nickname in Spanish for people named "Patricia".[45]

Minister of Security (2023)

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Patricia Bullrich announced a decrease in homicides in Rosario.

In December 2023, Patricia Bullrich returned to government as security minister in president Javier Milei's Cabinet.[46] Bullrich immediately issued a protocol to deal with demonstrations and roadblocks made by piqueteros. The Workers' Party made an habeas corpus request to prevent the protocol from coming into force, which judge Gustavo Pierretti rejected. Several groups of Piqueteros called for a massive demonstration on December 20, a week after the inauguration of Javier Milei. The government announced that demonstrators who committed crimes during demonstrations, such as roadblocks or vandalism, would lose their welfare payments, and provided a phone number to denounce piquetero leaders who would be coercing people to take part in such demonstrations. The demonstration had very little attendance, and the phone calls were summarized into 660 denounces.[47] The policies were kept for all later protests. The welfare aid that was outsourced to piquetero organizations returned to the direct state control, and social leaders that worked at the ministry of Social Development despite the conflict of interest were fired. Several audits also revealed that several social organizations that used to control the outsourced welfare aid only destined a fraction of it for such a purpose. All this decreased the power of piqueteros, and protests and demonstrations rapidly decreased in size.[48]

The city of Rosario had ongoing problems with narcotrafficking cartels, who had moved beyond the illegal drug trade into other illicit activities, such as extortion and contract killing. Bullrich announced the "Plan Bandera" ("Flag plan") with governor of Santa Fe Province Maximiliano Pullaro to deal with the problem. One of the initial actions was to enforce stricter conditions at the local prisons, as several crime bosses were already jailed but managed to control the criminal operations nonetheless. The national government installed mobile phone jammers at those prisons, which led to death threats against Pullaro and his family.[49] Bullrich provided a report of the results of the operation six months later: homicides decreased by 73%, they detained 400 people linked to drug trade, 118 kilograms of cocaine and dope, 50,000 parts of synthetic drugs, 900 kilograms of ammonia, 57,005,062 pesos, 18,050 US dollars and 70 weapons.[50]

Political positions

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Patricia Bullrich announces new policies against traffic obstructions by piqueteros.

First, Patricia Bullrich was a member of Peronist guerrillas in her youth, and became critical of them as an adult. She described the ideas held by those organizations as an improvised blend of nationalism, Christianity and socialism. She explained that back then she thought that she was taking part in a revolution and that the people would eventually get used to it, but eventually realized that revolutions rarely have a positive outcome. She also thinks that she deluded herself by thinking that Peronism had goals that were not its actual goals. She started to have doubts over her allegiance to the guerrillas when she found out that Montoneros had killed the priest Carlos Mugica, and the aide of Perón José Ignacio Rucci. She realized that Montoneros and the People's Revolutionary Army killed people, even if they had not said so openly, and that she was helping that even if from a passive role.[13]

In her book "Yo Propongo", written during the presidency of Cristina Kirchner, Bullrich talks about populism and authoritarianism. She considers that democracy in Argentina has been weakened by a dominant-party system coupled with the dismantling of the lead party, which led to a system where only the president has authority, the party is an extension of the president's will, and government and state lost any meaningful difference. She considers that political polarization grew beyond only politics and engulfed other areas as well, such as academics and unions. She also pointed out that the Kirchners may want to organize a set of controlled media to advance a "narrative" that is positive towards their policies and hostile against the opposition. She also considers that this style of government was used by the Kirchners to advance policies that are long outdated in the rest of the world, and to conceal its negative results.[51] In contrast, she proposes to dismantle in politics the dominant-party system, and in economics to advance a sustainable capitalist model.[52]

In relation to the severity of law enforcement, she supports a hardline policy against crime, rejecting the policies of Kirchnerism that grant too many rights to criminals and place rigid controls and obstacles on police work. Although those policies are largely a reaction against the policies of the military dictatorship, Bullrich says that "Argentina must leave the past and look to the future".[13] In particular, she had conflicting views with Sabina Frederic, minister of security of Alberto Fernández, over the use of taser guns, as Frederic restricted the police of the Argentine Federal Police from using either those or regular guns.[53] When she was appointed minister of security by Javier Milei, she said "True change is possible if the law is applied in every corner of the country, equally for everyone and without privileges. Argentina needs order. We will be relentless against crime and we will wage a relentless fight against drug trafficking. It's simple: whoever does something, pays for it".[9]

Patricia Bullrich supported abortion during the debate in 2018 for a bill that would make it legal. She said that it did not make sense that only the woman could go to jail for it.[54] However, she also supported a clause for conscientious objection to abortion from medics that may refuse to do it, and to set a minimum age higher than in the proposed bill.[55] The bill was not approved, and was proposed again in 2020. That time, Bullrich refused to comment her personal opinion on abortion, and considered instead that the country had more pressing economic and societal priorities.[56] For similar reasons, she did not agree with the proposal of Javier Milei to celebrate a referendum to abolish the bill approved in 2020: she said that it would halt the whole country for a couple of months, and that the priority was to solve the economic crisis.[57]

Electoral history

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Executive

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Electoral history of Patricia Bullrich
Election Office List Votes Result Ref.
Total % P.
2003 Chief of Government of Buenos Aires Union to Recreate Buenos Aires 171,765 9.76 4th Not elected [58]
2023 President of Argentina Juntos por el Cambio 6,379,023 23.81 3rd Not elected [59]

Legislative

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Electoral history of Patricia Bullrich
Election Office List # District Votes Result Ref.
Total % P.
1993 National Deputy Justicialist Party 3 CABA 628,506 32.59% 1st[a] Elected [60]
2007 Civic Coalition 1 CABA 279,775 15.29% 1st[a] Elected [61]
2011 Civic Coalition 1 CABA 124,245 6.61% 5th[a] Elected [62]

Written books

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  • Memorias de la acción. Conversaciones con Albino Gómez
  • El desafío argentino. Razones éticas y prácticas para el cambio.
  • Yo propongo.
  • Desarticulación y hegemonía.
  • Guerra sin cuartel: Terminar con la inseguridad en la Argentina.
  • De un día para otro: medidas para cambiar de verdad en las primeras 24 horas de gobierno.

Notes

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  1. ^ a b c Presented on an electoral list. The data shown represents the share of the vote the entire party/alliance received in that constituency.

References

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  1. ^ "Familia política y aristocrática, el lazo que une a Patricia Bullrich y Esteban Bullrich". 30 August 2023.
  2. ^ "Patricia Bullrich es formalmente la presidenta del Pro". Cba24n (in Spanish). 6 February 2020.
  3. ^ Rouillon, Jorge (2 October 2000). "Los Pueyrredon preparan un encuentro de 18.000 parientes". La Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  4. ^ Oriana Luna (30 August 2023). "Cuál es el vínculo que une a Patricia Bullrich con Esteban Bullrich" [Which is the link between Patricia Bullrich and Esteban Bullrich] (in Spanish). Caras. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Pebeta de tres apellidos". Clarín (in Spanish). 20 August 2000. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  6. ^ "Los rugidos de Patricia Bullrich". Clarín (in Spanish). 24 July 2003. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  7. ^ a b Bullrich, Patricia. Lazos de familia. El horizonte de la mirada política. Memorias de la acción. Conversaciones con Albino Gómez (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Asociación Civil Centro de Estudios Sociales Ahora Argentina. p. 23. ISBN 987-20654-0-3.
  8. ^ a b Gilles Salomone (4 August 2023). "Así es la vida familiar y carrera de Patricia Bullrich: antepasados, militancia y más" [This is the family life and career of Patricia Bullrich: ancestors, activism and more] (in Spanish). CNN. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Betiana Fernández Martino (1 December 2023). "¿Quién es Patricia Bullrich, la elegida por Milei para ser ministra de Seguridad de Argentina?" [Who is Patricia Bullrich, chosen by Milei to be minister of security?] (in Spanish). CNN. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  10. ^ a b c d e Duzdevich, Aldo A. (13 September 2020). "Patricia, la montonera". Perfil (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  11. ^ Amato, Alberto (13 February 2002). "Murió Rodolfo Galimberti, un símbolo de los violentos años 70" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 22 November 2004.
  12. ^ "Patricia Bullrich contó cuál fue su relación con Montoneros". La Nación (in Spanish). 7 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  13. ^ a b c "Patricia Bullrich hizo autocrítica por su militancia en la JP y afirmó: "Los Montoneros mataron al Padre Mugica"". Infobae (in Spanish). 4 October 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  14. ^ Carlos Claá (18 September 2017). "Los amores de Patricia Bullrich" [The loves of Patricia Bullrich] (in Spanish). Noticias. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  15. ^ "Militancia juvenil: de la Coordinadora a La Cámpora" [Youth activism: from La Coordinadora to La Cámpora] (in Spanish). Perfil. 13 October 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  16. ^ a b c "Patricia Bullrich, ministra de Seguridad" [Patricia Bullrich, minister of security] (in Spanish). La Nación. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  17. ^ "Bullrich: "Me dolió que Beliz no me consultara"" [Bullrich: "It hurts that Beliz did not ask me"] (in Spanish). La Nación. 19 November 1996. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  18. ^ "Bullrich se fue con la Alianza" [Bullrich left with the Alliance] (in Spanish). Clarín. 10 February 1999. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  19. ^ "El ajuste afecta a 533.401 jubilados" [The cut involves 533,401 retirees] (in Spanish). La Nación. 24 July 2001. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  20. ^ "Bullrich llamó a "crecer con ideas"" [Bullrich called to "grow with ideas"] (in Spanish). La Nación. 5 September 2002. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  21. ^ "Recrear y Bullrich, con más acuerdos" [Recreate and Bullrich, with more deals] (in Spanish). La Nación. 6 April 2003. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  22. ^ "Elecciones 2003 - RESULTADOS FINALES DE LOS COMICIOS DEL 24 DE AGOSTO DE 2003" [Elections 2003 - Final results of the elections of August 24, 2003] (in Spanish). Tribunal Superior de Justicia. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  23. ^ "Carrió prensentó su Coalición Cívica de cara a elecciones" [Carrió introduced her Civic Coalition ahead of the elections] (in Spanish). Infobae. 23 October 2007. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
  24. ^ Jaime Rosemberg (25 November 2007). "ARI respaldó a Carrió y desautorizó a los ocho rebeldes" [ARI supported Carrió and rejected the eight rebels] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  25. ^ Mariana Veron (11 December 2015). "Entre bromas y guiños cómplices, juraron 27 funcionarios nacionales" [Amid jokes and winks, 27 national officers were sworn in] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  26. ^ "Patricia Bullrich: "Está claro que los condenados del triple crimen escaparon con todas las facilidades"" [Bullrich: "it's clear that the convicts of the triple crime escaped with all the inside help"] (in Spanish). Infobae. 1 December 2017. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
  27. ^ "Se aprobó el protocolo antipiquetes: habrá una negociación antes de desalojar un corte de calle" [The anti-piquetero protocol has been approved: there will be a negotiation before breaking a roadblock] (in Spanish). Infobae. 1 December 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  28. ^ Ignacio Miri (12 June 2016). "La Ciudad y la Provincia, juntas contra el protocolo antipiquetes" [The city and the province, together against the anti-piquetero protocol] (in Spanish). Clarín. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  29. ^ "Larreta le bajó el tono al protocolo antipiquete" [Larreta lowered the tone to the dispute over the anti-piquetero protocol] (in Spanish). Clarín. 9 January 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  30. ^ "Patricia Bullrich: "De ninguna manera vamos a permitir una república mapuche en medio de la Argentina"" [Patricia Bullrich: "no way we would allow a mapuche republic in the middle of Argentina"] (in Spanish). Infobae. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  31. ^ "Patricia Bullrich: "La RAM está financiada por una organización inglesa"" [Patricia Bullrich: "The RAM is financed by an English organization"] (in Spanish). Clarín. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  32. ^ Jaime Rosemberg (28 December 2017). "Conforman un "comando conjunto" para combatir a RAM en la Patagonia" [They create a "joint command" to fight the RAM at the Patagonia] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  33. ^ a b "Opositor argentino denuncia a Macri por defender a policía que mató a delincuente" [Argentine opposition denounces Macri for defending the cop that shot down a thief] (in Spanish). CNN. 8 February 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  34. ^ "Milei, dispuesto a ir a una primaria con Bullrich en las próximas elecciones" [Milei, ready to go to primary elections with Bullrich in the next elections] (in Spanish). CNN. 18 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
  35. ^ "Patricia Bullrich, sobre las PASO: "Creo que Milei ha tomado su decisión, que es su fuerza política, y espero que nos apoye"" [Patricia Bullrich, about the PASO: "I think that Milei has taken a decision, which is his political force, and I hope he sides with us"] (in Spanish). CNN. 13 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
  36. ^ Joaquín Morales Solá (26 March 2023). "Mauricio Macri no será candidato a presidente en las elecciones de 2023" [Mauricio Macri will not be candidate for president in the 2023 elections] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  37. ^ Matías Moreno (21 June 2023). "Elecciones 2023: Patricia Bullrich eligió al radical Luis Petri como compañero de fórmula" [Elections 2023: Patricia Bullrich selected the radical Luis Petri as her running mate] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  38. ^ Ignacio Grimaldi (31 August 2023). "La candidata opositora Patricia Bullrich designa a Carlos Melconian como su ministro de Economía" [The candidate from the opposition Patricia Bullrich appoints Carlos Melconian as her minister of economy] (in Spanish). CNN. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  39. ^ "Patricia Bullrich afirma que, de ser presidenta, inaugurará la cárcel "Cristina Fernández de Kirchner"" [Patricia Bullrich says that, if she becomes president, she will open the "Cristina Fernández de Kirchner" prison] (in Spanish). CNN. 27 September 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  40. ^ Matias Moreno (14 August 2023). "Las claves del triunfo de Patricia Bullrich sobre Horacio Rodríguez Larreta en la interna de Juntos por el Cambio" [The keys of the victory of Patricia Bullrich over Horacio Rodríguez Larreta in the primaries of Juntos por el Cambio] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
  41. ^ "Resumen del primer debate presidencial en Argentina desde Santiago del Estero" [Summary of the first presidential debate in Argentina from Santiago del Estero] (in Spanish). CNN. 2 October 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  42. ^ "Los momentos y frases clave del primer debate presidencial en Argentina" [The key moments and phrases of the first presidential debate in Argentina] (in Spanish). CNN. 2 October 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  43. ^ Germán Padinger (23 October 2023). "Massa sorprende como el más votado en primera vuelta y muestra que el peronismo sigue en carrera en Argentina" [Massa surprises as the most voted in the first round and shows that Peronism is still in the game] (in Spanish). CNN. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  44. ^ Politi, Daniel (25 October 2023). "Argentina's third-place presidential candidate Bullrich endorses right-wing populist Milei in runoff". ABC News. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  45. ^ "Patricia Bullrich anuncia que apoyará a Javier Milei para el balotaje presidencial en Argentina" [Patricia Bullrich announced that she will support Javier Milei in the presidential ballotage] (in Spanish). CNN. 25 October 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  46. ^ "Bullrich returns to government as security minister in Milei's Cabinet | Buenos Aires Times". www.batimes.com.ar. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  47. ^ Matías Moreno (20 December 2023). "Patricia Bullrich celebró el resultado del fuerte operativo para evitar cortes en la marcha piquetera y recibió el apoyo de Milei" [Patricia Bullrich celebrated the result of the strong operation to prevent blockades in the piquetero march and received the support of Milei] (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  48. ^ Andrés Klipphan (27 August 2024). "Se diluye el poder de los piqueteros sin el manejo de los planes y arrinconados por denuncias: ya van 4 meses sin cortes de calles" [The power of the picketers is diluted without the management of the plans and cornered by complaints: it has already been 4 months without street cuts] (in Spanish). Infobae. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  49. ^ "Bullrich y Pullaro ponen en marcha el operativo "Bandera" contra las bandas narcos" [Bullrich and Pullaro launch the “Bandera” operation against drug gangs] (in Spanish). Infobae. 17 December 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  50. ^ Robertino Sánchez Flecha (11 June 2024). "Bullrich y Pullaro presentaron avances del Plan Bandera: "Las organizaciones narco tenían el aval del poder político anterior"" [Bullrich and Pullaro presented progress on Plan Bandera: “The drug trafficking organizations had the backing of the previous political power”] (in Spanish). Infobae. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  51. ^ Bullrich, Patricia (2013). Yo propongo [I propose] (in Spanish). pp. 12–13.
  52. ^ Bullrich, Patricia (2013). Yo propongo [I propose] (in Spanish). p. 16.
  53. ^ "Patricia Bullrich cruzó a Sabina Frederic por sus dichos sobre la Policía de la Ciudad: "Su comentario genera odio y no soluciones"" [Patricia Bullrich confronted Sabina Frederic over her sayings about the city police: "her comment generates hate and not solutions"] (in Spanish). Infobae. 1 October 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  54. ^ "Patricia Bullrich: Estoy totalmente a favor de la despenalización del aborto en Argentina" [Patricia Bullrich: I'm fully in support of depenalizing abortion in Argentina] (in Spanish). CNN. March 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  55. ^ "Patricia Bullrich se pronunció a favor de la legalización del aborto" [Patricia Bullrich supports the legalization of abortion] (in Spanish). La Capital. 5 June 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  56. ^ "Patricia Bullrich y el debate sobre el aborto: "No voy a dar mi opinión personal"" [Patricia Bullrich, over the abortion: "I'll not share my personal opinion"] (in Spanish). CNN. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  57. ^ "Bullrich se diferenció de Milei: "La ley del aborto se ha votado y está vigente"" [Bullrich set herself apart from Milei: "The abortion law has been voted and it's in force"] (in Spanish). Cadena 3. 15 August 2023. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  58. ^ "Elecciones 2003". tsjbaires.gov.ar (in Spanish). Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  59. ^ "Elecciones 2023". electoral.gob.ar (in Spanish). Cámara Nacional Electoral. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  60. ^ "Elecciones 1993". argentina.gob.ar (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional Electoral. 5 February 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
  61. ^ "Elecciones 2007". argentina.gob.ar (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional Electoral. 14 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
  62. ^ "Elecciones 2011". argentina.gob.ar (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional Electoral. 29 August 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
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