The Beer Portal .jpg)
Introduction
Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the beer. Beer is one of the oldest alcoholic drinks in the world, the most widely consumed, and the third most popular drink after water and tea. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents, such as gruit, herbs, or fruits, may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, natural carbonation is often replaced with forced carbonation.
Some of the earliest writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating it, and "The Hymn to Ninkasi", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, a recipe for it.
Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (ABV).
Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as activities like pub crawling, pub quizzes, and pub games. (Full article...)
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A pub (short for public house) is in several countries a drinking establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. The term first appeared in England in the late 17th century, to differentiate private houses from those open to the public as alehouses, taverns and inns. Today, there is no strict definition, but CAMRA states a pub has four characteristics:
- is open to the public without membership or residency
- serves draught beer or cider without requiring food be consumed
- has at least one indoor area not laid out for meals
- allows drinks to be bought at a bar (i.e., not only table service)
The history of pubs can be traced to taverns in Roman Britain, and through Anglo-Saxon alehouses, but it was not until the early 19th century that pubs, as they are today, first began to appear. The model also became popular in countries and regions of British influence, where pubs are often still considered to be an important aspect of their culture. In many places, especially in villages, pubs are the focal point of local communities. In his 17th-century diary, Samuel Pepys described the pub as "the heart of England". Pubs have been established in other countries in modern times. (Full article...)
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Stones Bitter is a beer manufactured and distributed in the United Kingdom by the North American brewer Molson Coors. It is a bitter with a straw-golden hue. Stones Bitter was first brewed in 1948 by William Stones Ltd at the Cannon Brewery in Sheffield. It was designed for the local steelworkers and became successful in its local area, becoming one of Sheffield's best known products.
The brewing giant Bass Charrington acquired William Stones in 1968, and began to heavily promote the keg variant of Stones Bitter, which eventually became the highest selling bitter in the country. However the keg version was promoted at the expense of the traditional unpasteurised and unfiltered cask conditioned version. In the 1990s, the ABV of Stones was gradually reduced, and, as ale sales declined, Stones reverted from a national into a regional brand. Following the closure of the Cannon Brewery, Stones has been brewed at a number of different breweries. When Bass exited its brewing business, Stones became a Coors brand (later Molson Coors). (Full article...)
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Sigi Friedmann (b 1961) owns Friedmann's Brewery (Brauerei Friedmann) in Gräfenberg, Bavaria, Germany. She was the youngest master brewer in Germany when she replaced her father managing their family brewery in 1982. She is a 4th generation brewmaster.
Friedmann was born in 1961 into a brewing family. The first mention of the brewery was in Gräfenberg's documents in 1875. She didn't intend to become a brewer, wanting to spend time with her family and travel. However, her father sent her to Munich to train to be a chemical and technical assistant to work in a laboratory; but without her knowledge, he had enrolled her to train to be a master brewer. She was a model student and performed better than most of her male colleagues in the exam. When she replaced her father in the company management in 1982, she was the youngest master brewer in Germany. (Full article...)
Did you know (auto-generated) -
- ... that Jaega Wise co-hosted the television series Beer Masters alongside musician James Blunt?
- ... that Pope Pius IX gave the monks of Saint Vincent Archabbey permission to brew Saint Vincent Beer?
- ... that brewer Sophie de Ronde is allergic to most beer?
- ... that a beer named after the barley variety Golden Promise was not brewed using the variety?
- ... that 100 beerhouses were licensed in Brighton (population 40,000) in the first week after the Beerhouse Act 1830 was enacted?
- ... that Ein Samiya, which provides the water for Taybeh, the first beer brewed in Palestine, was depopulated in 2023 after harassment by neighboring Israeli settlers?
Selected brewery -
Bearded Bee Brewing Company is a brewery located in Wendell, North Carolina. Since opening on July 31, 2020, the brewery has involved itself with the community by participating in town events, hosting food trucks, and supporting local beekeeping efforts to become a major community gathering place within the town. (Full article...)
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General images
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Bottling beer in a modern facility, 1945, Australia (from History of beer) -
A beer sommelier tapping a barrel for a taste at Nebraska Brewing Company (from Craft beer) -
Irish Craft Beer Festival, 2015 (from Craft beer) -
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Conditioning tanks at Anchor Brewing Company (from Brewing) -
A selection of French craft beers (from Craft beer) -
Põhjala Brewery, Estonia (from Craft beer) -
Spent grain, a brewing by-product (from Brewing) -
Gambrinus – king of beer (from History of beer) -
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A can of Juicy Ass IPA from Flying Monkeys Craft Brewery in Barrie, Ontario, Canada (from Craft beer) -
D. G. Yuengling & Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the US, established in 1829. It is also the largest craft brewer, and the 6th largest brewing company overall. (from Craft beer) -
World beer consumption per capita (from History of beer) -
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A 16th-century brewery (from History of beer) -
Lauter tun (from Brewing) -
Bergenhus microbrewery, Bergen, Norway (from Craft beer) -
A mash tun at the Bass Museum in Burton-upon-Trent (from Brewing) -
A funerary model of a bakery and brewery, from the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt, c. 2009–1998 BCE (from History of beer) -
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Microbreweries, regional breweries, and brew pubs per capita (from Craft beer) -
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A 16th-century brewery (from Brewing)
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Bill Urquhart at Litchborough Brewery (from Craft beer) -
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Philistine pottery beer jug (from History of beer) -
Spontaneous fermentation at Timmermans in Belgium (from Brewing) -
Pasteur Street Brewing, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (from Craft beer) -
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Diatomaceous earth, used to create a filtration bed (from Brewing) -
A replica of ancient Egyptian beer, brewed from emmer wheat by the Courage brewery in 1996 (from History of beer) -
Brew kettles at Brasserie La Choulette in France (from Brewing) -
Cask ales with gravity dispense at a beer festival (from Brewing) -
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A yard of ale at Jolly Brewery, Taiwan (from Craft beer) -
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Casks of real ale from British microbreweries at a beer festival (from Craft beer)
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Yeast ring used by Swedish homebrewers in the 19th century to preserve the yeast between brewing sessions. (from History of beer) -
Open vessels showing fermentation taking place (from Brewing) -
Alulu beer receipt recording a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BCE, from the Sumerian city of Umma in ancient Iraq. (from History of beer) -
The Alulu beer receipt records a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BC from the Sumerian city of Umma in Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). (from Brewing)
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Traditional fermenting building (center) and modern fermenting building (left) in Pilsner Urquell Brewery (Czech Republic) (from History of beer) -
Modern closed fermentation vessels (from Brewing) -
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Robohop, a session IPA from Cervisiam in Oslo, Norway (from Craft beer) -
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| “ | Give me a woman who truly loves beer, and I will conquer the world. | ” |
| — Wilhelm_II_of_Germany |
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WikiProjects
WikiProject Beer is an association of Wikipedians with an interest in beer and beer-related subjects. They have come together to coordinate the development of beer and brewery articles here on Wikipedia. Additionally, other groups have formed other projects that entertain subjects that are directly related to beer, bartending and pubs. Additionally, the mixed drinks project covers topics that include beer cocktails. If any of these subjects pique your interest, please feel free to visit their projects. These groups would love to have you participate!
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