The Order of Mapungubwe is a South African civilian honour awarded by the President of South Africa. It recognises South African citizens whose achievements have international impact and serve the interests of South Africa.[1] It is South Africa's highest honour.[citation needed]
| Order of Mapungubwe | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Awarded by President of South Africa | |
| Type | Civilian national order |
| Established | 6 December 2002 |
| Status | Currently constituted |
| Grades |
|
_-_ribbon_bar.gif){kind=small} Ribbon | |
The order is named after the ancient civilisation of Mapungubwe, which was located in modern-day South Africa.[1] It was instituted on 6 December 2002, and its first recipient (in the highest class) was former president Nelson Mandela.
Classes
editThe order originally had three classes, and was enlarged to four in 2004:
- Platinum (OMP), for exceptional and unique achievements;
- Gold (OMG), for exceptional achievements;
- Silver (OMS), for excellent achievements; and
- Bronze (OMB), for outstanding achievements.
Design
editThe badge is a horizontal oval above an inverted trapezium. Inside the oval frame is depicted a golden rhinoceros with the sun rising above Mapungubwe Hill in the background. The convex upper edge of the trapezium is decorated with a beadwork pattern and the sides are edged with sceptres. In the centre is an ornate crucible from which molten gold flows down to a red furnace. The South African coat of arms is displayed on the reverse.
The ribbon is gold, edged with a line of cream-coloured bead-like dots along each edge, and recurring cream-coloured rhinoceros silhouettes down the centre. All four classes are worn around the neck.
Recipients
edit| Recipient | Class | Year | Field of achievement | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nelson Mandela | Platinum | 2002 | Liberation struggle, national reconciliation and nation-building, and global peace and justice | |
| F. W. de Klerk | Gold | 2002 | Peace, national reconciliation and nation-building | |
| Allan McLeod Cormack † | Gold | 2002 | Science and CT scanning | |
| Basil Schonland † | Gold | 2002 | Physics and foundation of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research | |
| Peter Beighton | Bronze | 2002 | Science and research into inherited skeleton disorders | |
| Hamilton Naki | Bronze | 2002 | Medical science | |
| Sydney Brenner | Gold | 2004 | Medicine, especially research in genetics | |
| Tshilidzi Marwala | Bronze | 2004 | Engineering science | |
| Daya Reddy | Bronze | 2004 | Mathematics and science | |
| J. M. Coetzee | Gold | 2005 | Literature | |
| Aaron Klug | Gold | 2005 | Medicine | |
| Frank Nabarro | Gold | 2005 | Science | |
| Tebello Nyokong | Bronze | 2005 | Science | |
| Himladevi Soodyall | Bronze | 2005 | Science | |
| Selig Percy Amoils | Silver | 2006 | Ophthalmology | |
| George Ellis | Silver | 2006 | Science | |
| Lionel Opie | Silver | 2006 | Cardiology | |
| Patricia Berjak | Silver | 2006 | Seed science | |
| Claire Penn | Silver | 2007 | Speech and language pathology, especially research into sign language, child language, aphasia and head injuries | |
| Sibusiso Sibisi | Silver | 2007 | Information technology, research and development and business technology | |
| Valerie Mizrahi | Silver | 2007 | Biochemistry and molecular biology, including tuberculosis drug validation | |
| Doris Lessing | Gold | 2008 | Literature and the elimination of colonialism and apartheid | |
| Wieland Gevers | Silver | 2008 | Higher education and medicine | |
| Phuti Ngoepe | Silver | 2008 | Natural sciences and computer modelling research | |
| Tim Noakes | Silver | 2008 | Sport and the science of physical exercise | |
| Pragasen Pillay | Silver | 2008 | Energy conservation | |
| Mangena Maake Mokone † | Gold | 2009 | African Ethiopian Movement | [2] |
| Hendrik J. Koornhof | Silver | 2009 | Biomedical science | [2] |
| Bongani Mayosi | Silver | 2009 | Medical science | [2] |
| Johann Lutjeharms | Silver | 2009/10 | Oceanographic science | [2] |
| Douglas Butterworth | Silver | 2010 | Betterment of the environment and sustainability of fisheries | |
| Monique Zaahl | Bronze | 2010 | Genetics and research into iron overload disorders | |
| Pieter Steyn | Silver | 2011 | Chemistry and biosynthesis of mycotoxins | |
| Oliver Tambo † | Platinum | 2012 | Exceptional leadership during the anti-apartheid struggle | |
| Albert Luthuli † | Platinum | 2012 | Exceptional leadership during the anti-apartheid struggle | |
| Barry Schoub | Silver | 2012 | Virology | |
| Patience Mthunzi-Kufa | Bronze | 2012 | Biophotonics | |
| Bernie Fanaroff | Silver | 2013 | Astronomy and the Square Kilometre Array | |
| George Ekama | Silver | 2013 | Research into wastewater treatment | |
| Glenda Gray | Silver | 2013 | Research into mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS | |
| Malegapuru William Makgoba | Silver | 2013 | Transformation of higher education | |
| Quarraisha Abdool Karim | Bronze | 2013 | Research into HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis | |
| Ismail Mohamed † | Silver | 2014 | Mathematics and political liberation | |
| Hendrik Simon Schaaf | Silver | 2014 | Medical science | |
| William Soga † | Silver | 2014 | Medicine and anthropology | |
| Namrita Lall | Bronze | 2014 | Medical science | |
| Zwelakhe Sisulu † | Gold | 2016 | Journalism | [3] |
| Fulufhelo Nelwamondo | Silver | 2017 | Science, especially electrical engineering | [4] |
| Siyabulela Xuza | Silver | 2017 | Scientific innovation | [4] |
| Edna Molewa † | Gold | 2019 | Environmental justice | |
| Malik Maaza | Silver | 2019 | Nano-science | |
| Ari Sitas | Silver | 2019 | Social science | |
| Thokozani Majozi | Bronze | 2019 | Science, especially a novel mathematical technique for near-zero-effluent batch chemical facilities which enables the reuse of wastewater | |
| Aboubaker Ebrahim Dangor | Silver | 2023 | Physics | [5] |
| Vhahangwele Masindi | Silver | 2023 | Environmental sciences and water | [5] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "The Order of Mapungubwe". The Presidency. Republic of South Africa. Archived from the original on 2007-04-20. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
- ^ a b c d "National Orders awards December 2009". South African Government. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
- ^ "President Jacob Zuma bestows 2016 National Orders Awards, 28 Apr". South African Government. 20 April 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
- ^ a b "President Jacob Zuma bestows 2017 National Orders Awards, 28 Apr". South African Government. 20 April 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
- ^ a b "Announcement of the 2023 National Order Awards nominated names by Director-General of The Presidency, Phindile Baleni". The Presidency. 16 April 2023. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
Other sources
edit- "National Orders Booklet 2002". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2003". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2004". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2005". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2006". The Presidency. 27 October 2017. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2007". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2008". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2009". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2010". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2011". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2012". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2013". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2014". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2015". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2016". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2017". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2018". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- "National Orders Booklet 2019". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.