Northern Pacific coastal forests

Northern Pacific coastal forests
Northern Pacific coastal forests
	Tongass National Forest
Ecology
Realm	Nearctic
Biome	Temperate coniferous forests
Borders	List Alaska Peninsula montane taiga; British Columbia mainland coastal forests; Cook Inlet taiga; Haida Gwaii forests; Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra;
Bird species	151
Mammal species	45
Geography
Area	60,400 km2 (23,300 sq mi)
Country	United States
States	Alaska
Climate type	Oceanic (Cfb) and subpolar oceanic (Cfc)
Conservation
Conservation status	Relatively Stable/Intact
Global 200	Yes
Habitat loss	21.55%
Protected	79.26%

The Northern Pacific coastal forests are temperate coniferous forest ecoregion of the Pacific coast of North America. It occupies a narrow coastal zone of Alaska, between the Pacific Ocean and the northernmost Pacific Coast Ranges, covering an area of 23,300 square miles (60,400 square kilometers), extending from the Alexander Archipelago in southeast Alaska along the Gulf of Alaska to the western Kenai Peninsula and eastern Kodiak Island. The Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra ecoregion lies inland, at higher elevations in the Coast Mountains. The ecoregion receives high rainfall, which varies considerably based on exposure and elevation. It contains a quarter of the world's remaining temperate rain forest.

Flora

Conifers are the characteristic trees, and the predominant species are Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), and mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana), together with shore pine (Pinus contorta), western red cedar (Thuja plicata), and yellow cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis). Sites with poor drainage and along river channels are home to broadleaf trees, including alder (Alnus spp.), black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), and paper birch (Betula papyrifera).

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hoekstra, J. M.; Molnar, J. L.; Jennings, M.; Revenga, C.; Spalding, M. D.; Boucher, T. M.; Robertson, J. C.; Heibel, T. J.; Ellison, K. (2010). Molnar, J. L. (ed.). The Atlas of Global Conservation: Changes, Challenges, and Opportunities to Make a Difference. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26256-0.

"Northern Pacific coastal forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.