Niau is a small atoll in French Polynesia, in the commune of Fakarava (Tuamotu archipelago). This atoll has a broad fringing reef, a diameter of 8 km and an area of 53 km2.
 NASA picture of Niau Atoll | |
  Niau | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Location | Pacific Ocean |
| Coordinates | 16°9′15″S 146°21′20.4″W / 16.15417°S 146.355667°W |
| Archipelago | Tuamotus |
| Area | 33 km2 (13 sq mi) (lagoon) 20 km2 (8 sq mi) (above water) |
| Length | 8 km (5 mi) |
| Administration | |
France | |
| Overseas collectivity | French Polynesia |
| Administrative subdivision | Îles Tuamotu-Gambier |
| Commune | Fakarava |
| Largest settlement | Tupana |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 226[1] (2012) |
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Niau's lagoon is swampy, hypersaline and entirely enclosed. The narrow strip of land surrounding the lagoon is covered by marsh vegetation. The enclosed lagoon area is 33 km2, making the land size at 20 km2. The lagoon has an unusual green color.
The only human settlement on Niau is Tupana, population 226 (as of 2012[update]).
History
editThe first recorded European to visit Niau was a Russian Admiral Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen in 1820 on ships the Vostok and Mirni. He named this island Greig Island after Aleksey Greig.
Administration
editNiau is administratively part of the commune of Fakarava, which consists of the island Fakarava, as well as the atolls of Aratika, Kauehi, Niau, Raraka, Taiaro and Toau.
Ecology
editNiau is one of the few locations where the original Tuamotu tropical moist forests ecosystem[2] (known locally as feo) has been preserved. This mixed broadleaf forest[3] ecosystem has disappeared on almost all other atolls. The forest has been preserved in the central parts of the island. It contains several endemic species of plants and animals.
The small Niau kingfisher Todiramphus gertrudae lives now exclusively in the island of Niau. This critically endangered bird disappeared from the Gambier Islands long ago.
Niau airport
editNiau Airport is at the northern tip of the atoll (ICAO: NTKN).
References
edit- ^ "Population". Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
- ^ "Tuamotu tropical moist forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
- ^ "Tuamotu tropical moist forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
- Tuamotu Archipelago - Niau at the Wayback Machine (archived December 23, 2010)
- Pictures
- History
External links
edit- Atoll list (in French)
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