The National Socialist Movement in the Dutch East Indies (Dutch: Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging in Nederlands-Indië) or the Indies NSB (Dutch: Indische NSB) for short was a branch of the Dutch National Socialist Movement in the Dutch East Indies. Two-thirds of its members were Indos, who were of mixed Dutch and Indonesian descent. The party was founded in 1933.[2]
National Socialist Movement in the Dutch East Indies Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging in Nederlands-Indië | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Founded | 1933 |
| Membership | ~5000 (1935) ~1100 (1940) |
| Ideology | Nazism Fascism Dutch nationalism Indo interests Indo homeland[1] |
| Political position | Far-right |
| National affiliation | National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands |
History
editMany of the supporters of the party had become members for different reasons than the supporters in the Netherlands. The rise of Indonesian nationalism and the Japanese threat was for many ultranationalist Indos reason to join. Another reason was the feeling among Indos that as party members they were equal to Totoks ('pure blooded' Dutch). The party flourished from 1933, and after a visit of Anton Mussert to the colony in 1935, membership peaked at around 5000. The party's membership began to decline rapidly in the late 1930s, when the NSB, taking from the Nazi Party, started adopting more racialist and Blut und Boden views. The party retained around 1100 members and 680 sympathisers.
The government banned membership of the party for civil servants on 9 May 1940, immediately after its European counterpart entered into collaboration with Nazi Germany. Around 500 members of the party were arrested on the orders of governor-general Alidius Tjarda van Starkenborgh.
Most members of the party left for the Netherlands following the Japanese surrender and Indonesian independence war. There they were treated equally to Dutch NSB members who had renounced their membership prior to 10 May 1940. Most of its members, unlike their Dutch counterparts, did not make themselves guilty of treason and were pardoned in 1947.
Notable members
edit- Johan Manusama (1910–1995), third president of the Republic of South Maluku
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ van Leeuwen, Lizzy (2 September 2009). "De politieke roots van Geert Wilders, Wreker van zijn Indische grootouders". De Groene Amsterdammer.
- ^ Slaa, Robin te; Klijn, Edwin (2009). De NSB: Deel 1: Ontstaan en opkomst van de Nationaal Socialistische Beweging, 1931-1935 (in Dutch). Boom. p. 683. ISBN 9789085068136.
- Jorna, Janneke. "De NSB gaat internationaal. Kameraden in Nederlands-Indië". Oorlogs Bronnen. Retrieved 1 November 2020.