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Naagarahaavu

For the 2002 film, see Nagarahavu (2002 film). For the 2016 film, see Nagarahavu (2016 film).

Naagarahaavu (transl. Cobra) is a 1972 Indian Kannada-language film directed by Puttanna Kanagal, based on T. R. Subba Rao's three novels Nagarahavu, Ondu Gandu Eradu Hennu and Sarpa Mathsara,[1] and starring Vishnuvardhan, Aarathi, K. S. Ashwath and Shubha. The supporting cast features Leelavathi, M. Jayashree, M. N. Lakshmi Devi, Ambareesh, Shivaram, Dheerendra Gopal, Lokanath and Vajramuni. The film has a musical score by Vijaya Bhaskar. Cinematography was done by Chittibabu.

Naagarahaavu
Theatrical release poster
Kannadaನಾಗರಹಾವು
Directed byPuttanna Kanagal
Screenplay byPuttanna Kanagal
Story byT. R. Subba Rao
Based onNagarahavu,
Ondu Gandu Eradu Hennu and Sarpa Mathsara
by T. R. Subba Rao
Produced byN. Veeraswamy
StarringVishnuvardhan
Ambareesh
Aarathi
Shubha
K S Ashwath
CinematographyChittibabu
Edited byP. Bhakthavathsalam
Music byVijaya Bhaskar
Production
company
Sri Eswari Productions
Release date
  • 29 December 1972 (1972-12-29)
Running time
190 minutes
CountryIndia
LanguageKannada

The film revolves around the protagonist's relationship with his teacher, Chamayya (K. S. Ashwath). Chamayya, who is childless treats Ramachari (Vishnuvardhan) as his son. He takes it upon himself to guide Ramachari on the right path despite Ramachari's legendary anger. He usually acts as the negotiator between his student and the people who have issues with Ramachari's behaviour. Ramachari is a young man whose anger is his weakness. He is difficult to reason with and has a great deal of pride. Chamayya is the only person who can convince him to do anything. His love interests are Alamelu (Aarathi) and Margaret (Shubha) who play pivotal parts in his life.

The film was released on 29 December 1972 to widespread critical acclaim and was a success at the box office and paved the way for the stardom of Vishnuvardhan, Ambareesh and Aarathi who became leading actors in Kannada cinema.[2] It has developed a cult following over the years.[3] The character roles of Leelavathi, Dheerendra Gopal, Loknath, M. N. Lakshmi Devi were also critically acclaimed. The film won eight Karnataka State Film Awards for Second Best Film, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Story, Best Screenplay and Best Dialogue. The film also won two Filmfare Awards South for Best Film – Kannada and a Special Award for excellent performance. This film was remade in Hindi as Zehreela Insaan, directed by Puttanna Kanagal himself and in Tamil as Raja Nagam and Kode Nagu in Telugu.

The film was re-released in its digitized version on 20 July 2018. This movie was digitalized by Balaji who is the brother of V. Ravichandran and son of N. Veeraswamy, who was the producer.[4]

Plot details

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Ramachari

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The story revolves around a short-tempered, yet affable college student named Ramachari in the town of Chitradurga. The story begins with Ramachari being caught in class while trying to copy in an examination and being suspended by the college principal (Loknath). Humiliated and angry, Ramachari throws stones at the principal's house in the night and when the principal wakes up and comes out of his house, ties the half-naked principal to a pole and runs away.

Ramachari is the son of pious parents. His father doesn't like Ramachari because he is unpopular in the town as a ruffian. His mother is worried about his future. One person who cares for Ramachari is his primary school teacher, Chamayya (K.S.Ashwath) master. Ramachari finds the company of Chamayya and his wife Tunga (Leelavathi), more comforting than that of his parents. Ramachari has very great regard for Chamayya master willing to do whatever he says, without thinking.

The next part of the story is about the two women Almelu (Aarathi) and Margaret (Shubha) who come into Ramachari's life and how the teacher Chamayya influences Ramachari's decisions in these relationships. The teacher tries to bring Ramachari into the "conventional way of life", but he errs and Ramachari's life is destroyed.

Almelu

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In college, Ramachari hangs out with Varada (Shivaram) and other friends. Varada has a very beautiful sister named Almelu. Almelu's beauty has maddened a neighbourhood hooligan, Jaleela (Ambareesh) who stalks her. Varada wants to put an end to this eve-teasing but he is timid. He asks Ramachari for help. Ramachari agrees when Varada tells him he'll get his sister Almelu married to Ramachari. Ramachari fights with Jaleela and drives him away. Almelu and Ramachari fall in love. Almelu's parents arrange for her marriage within their caste. When Almelu refuses the proposal and declares her love for Ramachari, Varada refuses support, denying any promise made to Ramachari. Teacher Chamayya intervenes and requests Ramachari to give up Almelu. He convinces Ramachari by making him understand that sacrifice is a greater act than selfish love. Ramachari, out of respect, agrees to his teacher and sacrifices his love. A few years later, Ramachari runs into Almelu at a five-star hotel, where she is a call-girl. Almelu's husband has forced her into a life of prostitution for money.

Margaret

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The second girl in Ramachari's life is Margaret, a peppy Christian girl. After Ramachari kisses Margaret during a tussle between the two, she falls in love with him. After he is forced to give up Almelu, Ramachari starts responding to Margaret's advances. However, due to the intense pressure of the society which denounces the marriage between a Brahmin boy and a Christian girl, they decide to elope. Once again teacher Chamayya tries to stop Ramachari saying that sacrifice is greater than love. But this time, Ramachari confronts his teacher and says that he won't budge because the last time he sacrificed his love, it went horribly wrong. Chamayya realises, perhaps for the first time, that Ramachari is right and he himself was wrong.

Climax

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Chamayya falls to his death from the hill when Ramachari accidentally pushes him in a fit of rage for saying, "if you want to marry her, you have to witness my death before it." Ramachari, shocked by this incident, asks Margaret to join him in a bid to accompany his beloved teacher in death, to which she agrees and they both jump off the cliff. Ramachari, the hero is compared to a King Cobra. Dangerous, yet respected but a misfit in the society.

Other Key Characters

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Chamayya Meshtru

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Chamayya (K. S. Ashwath) is the ever-supportive guardian of Ramachari who treats him as his own son. He is the only person able to control and have an influence over Ramachari. The movie focuses on a beautiful relationship with the teacher and student. In one emotional scene, Chamayya Meshtru accuses Ramachari of raping Almelu and then hits him with his walking stick, only to find out from Ramachari that it was a false allegation. The scene concludes with Ramachari tearfully saying, "Betha murdhogide, repairy madi tandkodteeni" and Chamayya Meshtru helplessly regretting his haste is a classic scene.

Jaleela

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Jaleela (Ambareesh) is the rowdy young man who harasses Almelu every time she goes to college by singing the then-popular song "Mere sapnon ki Rani kab Ayegi tu". Almelu is fed up and complains to her brother Varada who turns to Ramachari for help. In a pivotal scene, Ramachari questions Varada as to why he should help his sister to which Varada promises to get Ramachari and Almelu married. This spurs on Ramachari who takes on Jaleela in a thrilling fight scene. The stakes are raised by the pailwan who promises the winner a garland. Ramachari wins and is rewarded with the promised garland. Jaleela asks for forgiveness and limps away even as Varada extracts his own little revenge.

Varada

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Varada (Shivaram) is a friend of Ramachari. He is usually known to be trying to find a speciality in someone and often uses that word in his dialogues. He is a key character who promises Almelu's hand in marriage to Ramachari, only to flip when he finds out that Ramachari is serious. He accuses Ramachari of raping Almelu. Ultimately, this results in Chamayya master intervening and have Almelu marry the man chosen by her parents.

Thungamma

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Thungamma (Leelavathi) is the wife of Chamayya meshtru, the doting foster mom of Ramachari. Their mother-son bond is well depicted in the aftermath of Ramachari tying his college principal to a pole and being made to apologise.

Cast

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Soundtrack

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The music of the film was composed by Vijaya Bhaskar with lyrics penned by Vijaya Narasimha, Chi. Udaya Shankar and R. N. Jayagopal.

Two songs from this movie went on to be used in the Telugu version Kode Nagu – Sangama Sangama was re-used as Sangamam Sangamam and Kathe Heluve was re-used as Katha Vinduva.[citation needed] The song Haavina Dwesha went on to be used in the Hindi version as Saanp Se Badhke.[5] Vijayabhaskar reused "Karpoorada Gombe" as "Varavendum Vaazhkaiyil Vasantham" for Tamil film Mayangukiral Oru Maadhu.[6][7]

The song "Kannada Naadina" narrates the story of Onake Obavva who fought the forces of Hyder Ali. "Baare Baare" was the first song in an Indian film to be fully shot in slow motion.[8][9]

Track List

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No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Haavina Dwesha"Vijaya NarasimhaS. P. Balasubrahmanyam 
2."Kannada Naadina"Chi. Udaya ShankarP. B. Srinivas 
3."Karpoorada Bombe"R. N. JayagopalP. Susheela 
4."Baare Baare"Vijaya NarasimhaP. B. Srinivas 
5."Sangama Sangama"Vijaya NarasimhaP. B. Srinivas, P. Susheela 
6."Kathe Heluve"Chi. Udaya ShankarP. Susheela 

Awards

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21st Filmfare Awards South

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1972–73 Karnataka State Film Awards

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Criticism

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After watching the film, T. R. Subba Rao remarked that Puttanna Kanagal has turned Naagarahaavu (the cobra) into 'Kerehaavu' (meaning rat snake). The implied meaning is that the characterisation of Ramachari in the novel and the movie is strikingly different and less effective. Nevertheless, Naagarahaavu is an all-time favorite movie and remains popular in all its reruns.[2][11][12]

Remakes

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  • This film was remade in Hindi titled as Zehreela Insaan, directed by Puttanna Kanagal himself.
  • The film was remade in Tamil as Raja Nagam with Srikanth playing the lead role.
  • This film was remade into Telugu titled Kode Nagu starring Sobhan Babu, Chandrakala and Lakshmi and noted lyricist Acharya Athreya. This was directed by K. S. Prakash Rao.
  • The 2014 film Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari pays homage by loosely basing its plot on this film.

References

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  1. ^ Chitradurga, Shashidhar (20 April 2017). "Meet the man who was the inspiration behind great Kannada films". Asianet Newsable. Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b Venkatasubba Rao, K. N. (18 October 2008). "Naagarahaavu 1972". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  3. ^ V, Vinay Kumar (19 January 2020). "'Naagarahaavu' vs 'KGF': What a comparison of the cult hits reveals about Kannada cinema". The News Minute. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Vishnuvardhan's all-time classic 'Nagarahavu' to re-release". The News Minute. 12 July 2018. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  5. ^ "Multiple Version Songs (12): Similar songs in Hindi and Kannada". Songs of Yore. 15 June 2013. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  6. ^ "வரவேண்டும் வாழ்க்கையில் HD Video Song | மயங்குகிறாள் ஒரு மாது | முத்துராமன் | சுஜாதா | விஜய பாஸ்கர்". YouTube. 26 April 2022.
  7. ^ "The boldly astringent music of Vijaya Bhaskar". 16 March 2024.
  8. ^ "Did you know? Kannada song 'Baare Baare Chandada Cheluvina Taare' from 'Naagarahaavu' was the first slow-motion song of Indian cinema". The Times of India. 14 May 2020. Archived from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  9. ^ Khajane, Muralidhara (19 July 2018). "The return of the classics". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  10. ^ The Times of India Directory and Year Book including Who's Who. Bombay: Times of India Press. 14 August 1976. p. 616. Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2018 – via Google Books.
  11. ^ Singh, Eswar (9 September 2011). "Dasara: New lease of life for paintings". Deccan Chronicle. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  12. ^ "Making of Nagarahavu". Prajavani. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
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