Myriocin, also known as antibiotic ISP-1 and thermozymocidin, is a non-proteinogenic amino acid derived from the entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria sinclairii.[1]

Myriocin
Myriocin
Names
Systematic IUPAC name
(2S,3R,4R,6E)-2-Amino-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-14-oxoicos-6-enoic acid
Other names
Antibiotic ISP-1; Thermozymocidin
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
5113331
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.164.620 Edit this at Wikidata
KEGG
RTECS number
  • JX3890000
UNII
UN number 2811
  • InChI=1S/C21H39NO6/c1-2-3-4-10-13-17(24)14-11-8-6-5-7-9-12-15-18(25)19(26)21(22,16-23)20(27)28/h9,12,18-19,23,25-26H,2-8,10-11,13-16,22H2,1H3,(H,27,28) ☒N
    Key: ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1S/C21H39NO6/c1-2-3-4-10-13-17(24)14-11-8-6-5-7-9-12-15-18(25)19(26)21(22,16-23)20(27)28/h9,12,18-19,23,25-26H,2-8,10-11,13-16,22H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/b12-9+/t18-,19+,21+/m1/s1
  • InChI=1S/C21H39NO6/c1-2-3-4-10-13-17(24)14-11-8-6-5-7-9-12-15-18(25)19(26)21(22,16-23)20(27)28/h9,12,18-19,23,25-26H,2-8,10-11,13-16,22H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/b12-9+/t18-,19+,21+/m1/s1
    Key: ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-GNTQXERDSA-N
  • CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCC=CCC(O)C(O)C(N)(CO)C(O)=O
  • O=C(O)[C@@](N)([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C/C=C/CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCC)CO
Properties
C21H39NO6
Molar mass 401.54 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Myriocin is a very potent inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, the first step in sphingosine biosynthesis.[1] Due to this property, it is used in biochemical research as a tool for depleting cells of sphingolipids.

Myriocin was shown to inhibit the proliferation of an IL-2-dependent mouse cytotoxic T cell line.[citation needed]

Myriocin possesses immunosuppressant activity. It is reported to be 10- to 100-fold more potent than ciclosporin.[citation needed]

The multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod was derived from myriocin by using structure–activity relationship studies to determine the parts of the molecule important to its activity.[citation needed]

References

edit
  1. ^ a b Miyake Y, Kozutsumi Y, Nakamura S, Fujita T, Kawasaki T (1995). "Serine palmitoyltransferase is the primary target of a sphingosine-like immunosuppressant, ISP-1/myriocin". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 211 (2): 396–403. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1827. PMID 7794249.