Malcolm Eadie Champion (10 November 1882 – 26 July 1939) was New Zealand's first Olympic gold medallist, and the first swimmer to represent New Zealand at an Olympic Games.[1] He won a gold medal in the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden as part of a combined team with Australia, competing as Australasia.[2][3]
| Personal information | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth name | Malcolm Eadie Champion | |||||||||||
| Born | 10 November 1882 Norfolk Island | |||||||||||
| Died | 26 July 1939 (aged 56) Auckland, New Zealand | |||||||||||
| Sport | ||||||||||||
| Sport | Swimming | |||||||||||
Medal record
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Background
editChampion was born in 1882 in Norfolk Island (now an Australian territory but then a British colony).[4] He moved to New Zealand as a teenager.[5] His mother, Sarah Clara Quintal, descended from the Bounty mutineer Matthew Quintal. His father Captain William Nihill Champion was a sea captain who traded around the Pacific. Malcolm later worked on his father's ships and by the end of the 19th century was living in Auckland. He died on 26 July 1939 in Auckland, New Zealand.[6]
Titles
editBetween 1901 and 1914, Champion won thirty-two New Zealand national titles, at one point holding the titles for every distance between 220 yards (200 m) and one mile (1.6 km).[7] Champion was suspended at the end of 1902 by the national swimming association for failing to pay registration fees and was allowed to re-enter the sport in the southern summer of 1907–08. His suspension has often wrongly been called a life ban for professionalism. In 1911 he was the long-distance champion of England on the Thames. He had also represented Australasia at the 1911 Festival of Empire at The Crystal Palace, an early forerunner to the Commonwealth Games, where he pulled out of the mile race.
Olympics
editDue to the financial difficulties faced by the New Zealand Olympic Committee, his swimming club had to fundraise for him and organize loans so he could travel to the 1912 Stockholm Olympics. At the Olympics, Champion carried the flag for the Australasian team. Champion was originally slated to compete in the 400 m and 1500 m freestyle events. He finished second in his 400 m heat behind Harold Hardwick and before finishing fourth in his semi-final to be eliminated. In the 1500 m event, he placed second in both his heat and semifinal, before abandoning in the final after 600 m.
An ear infection to Bill Longworth resulted in Champion being promoted to the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay team. In the final on 15 July, Champion swam the second leg, and started equal with the American swimmer after Cecil Healy's first leg before building up a 10 m lead in his leg. Les Boardman extended the lead to 15 m before Harold Hardwick held off Duke Kahanamoku to claim the gold medal in the world record time of 10:11.6. The final was the third time that a world record had been set in that event at the Stockholm games, the first two times occurring on 12 July with the United States team swimming 10:26.4, only to be bettered later that day by the Australasian team who swam 10:14.0 (the United States team won the silver medal in the final).[8]
Honours
editChampion was New Zealand's only Olympic gold medalist in swimming until 1996, when Danyon Loader won in the 200 m and 400 m freestyle events at the Atlanta Olympics.[9] In 1990 Champion became an inaugural inductee into the New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame. In 2005 the winning relay team was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame, making Champion the only non-Australian inductee.[10]
Like Billy Savidan after him, he was for some years Custodian at Auckland's Tepid Baths, and the walls of his office were adorned with sketches of ships by him.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "History". Swimming New Zealand. Retrieved 17 July 2006.
- ^ "Malcolm Champion". Olympedia. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Malcolm Champion". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020.
- ^ Births, Deaths & Marriages, Norfolk Island, Pit reg, page 21
- ^ "New Zealand, Archives New Zealand, Passenger Lists, 1839–1973," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KXCK-9WQ : 12 December 2014), Malcolm Champion, 1897; citing , Ship, Arrival Port , National Archives, Wellington; FHL microfilm 004436256
- ^ Births, Deaths & Marriages, new Zealand, Death Index 1939/16375
- ^ "Our Inductees - Malcolm Champion". NZ Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 22 March 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2006.
- ^ "World Record Progression, Men, 4x200m Freestyle Relay" (PDF). The Official Website of the Olympic Movement. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2006.
- ^ "Hall of Fame". Swimming New Zealand. Archived from the original on 21 June 2006. Retrieved 17 July 2006.
- ^ "1912 Men's 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay Team". Sport Australia Hall of Fame. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
Sources
edit- Ron Palenski, Champion - New Zealand's first Olympic winner, published by the New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame, 1912.
- Palenski, Ron (2012). Champion - New Zealand's first Olympic winner. New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame. ISBN 978-0-473-21866-9.
- Andrews, Malcolm (2000). Australia at the Olympic Games. Sydney, New South Wales: ABC Books. pp. 81–82. ISBN 0-7333-0884-8.
- Howell, Max (1986). Aussie Gold. Albion, Queensland: Brooks Waterloo. pp. 31–32. ISBN 0-86440-680-0.
- McMillan, Neville (1993). New Zealand Sporting Legends: 27 Pre-War Sporting Heroes. Auckland: Moa Beckett. pp. 21–26. ISBN 1-869580-14-1.
