Mănăstirea Humorului (German: Humora Kloster or Kloster Humora) is a commune located in Suceava County, in the historical region of Bukovina, northeastern Romania. It is composed of three villages, namely: Mănăstirea Humorului, Pleșa, and Poiana Micului. The 16th century Humor Monastery is located in the commune.
Mănăstirea Humorului | |
|---|---|
 Humor Monastery and its medieval fortified watchtower | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in Suceava County | |
  Mănăstirea Humorului Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates: 47°36′N 25°52′E / 47.600°N 25.867°E | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Suceava |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2024) | Viorel Croitoru (USR) |
Area | 96.28 km2 (37.17 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 538 m (1,765 ft) |
| Population (2021-12-01)[1] | 3,072 |
| • Density | 32/km2 (83/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code | 727355 |
| Area code | +40 230 |
| Vehicle reg. | SV |
| Website | www |
Geography
editThe commune is situated in a hilly area, at an altitude of 538 m (1,765 ft), on the banks of the river Humor (a left tributary of the river Moldova). It is located in the central part of Suceava County, 6 km (3.7 mi) north of the town of Gura Humorului and 43 km (27 mi) west of the county seat, Suceava.
Demographics
editAt the 2021 census, Mănăstirea Humorului had a population of 3,072, of which 76.95% were Romanians and 13.48% Poles. At the 2011 census, there were 3,233 inhabitants, of which 79.3% were Romanians, 19.6% Poles, and 1% Germans (more specifically, Bukovina Germans).
Slovaks settled in Poiana Micului in 1841–1842. Later, part of the community migrated to other areas of Bukovina. The Austrian census of 1890 recorded 50.9% of villagers as Polish speakers.[2] The 1930 Romanian census found 45.3% were ethnic Poles.[3] In 1936, a Slovak Catholic priest arrived from Czechoslovakia and began preaching in Slovak. From that point, some villagers began to identify as Slovak, while others insisted on their Polish identity. The Romanian authorities were drawn in, sending a Slovak schoolteacher, while the Polish Legation at Bucharest intervened on the side of the Polish villagers.[4]
A survey of Slavic villagers taken in autumn 1937 found 67.1% declaring as Poles, and 32.9% as Slovaks.[5] In 1942, the Catholic bishop of Iași estimated that half his parishioners there were Poles, half Slovaks. The 1948 census found 256 (67.9%) Polish speakers in Poiana Micului, and a total of 12 Czech and Slovak speakers in all of Câmpulung County.[6]
Administration and local politics
editCommunal council
editThe commune's current local council has the following political composition, according to the results of the 2020 Romanian local elections:[7]
| Party | Seats | Current Council | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Liberal Party (PNL) | 4 | |||||
| People's Movement Party (PMP) | 3 | |||||
| Save Romania Union (USR) | 3 | |||||
| Union of Poles of Romania (UPR) | 1 | |||||
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 1 | |||||
| Social Liberal Humanist Party (PUSL) | 1 | |||||
Pleșa
editPleșa village (Polish: Plesza) was founded by Poles in 1836.[8] In 1880, it had a population of 222,[9] including 217 Poles.[8] After World War II, some Poles were repatriated from Pleșa to Złotnik, Poland.[10] Today, nearly all its inhabitants remain Poles.[11]
Gallery
edit-
Church of the Assumption of Virgin Mary in Mănăstirea Humorului -
Bell tower of Humora Monastery -
A road in Mănăstirea Humorului -
Pleșa cemetery and Catholic church -
A road in Pleșa
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Notes
edit- ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- ^ Blasen, pp. 134-35
- ^ Blasen, p. 136
- ^ Blasen, pp. 137-50
- ^ Blasen, p. 166
- ^ Blasen, p. 166
- ^ "Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020" (Json) (in Romanian). Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
- ^ a b Krasowska, Helena (2017). Górale polscy na Bukowinie karpackiej (in Polish). Warszawa: Slawistyczny Ośrodek Wydawniczy, Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk. p. 87.
- ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VIII (in Polish). Warszawa. 1887. p. 250.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Krasowska, p. 77
- ^ Tituleac, Florentina (June 6, 2017). "Pleșa, satul polonilor aduși de ape". www.opiniastudenteasca.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved January 15, 2024.
References
edit- Philippe Henri Blasen, "Între poloni și slovaci: oscilarea națională în Poiana-Micului (1936–1942)", in Anca Filipovici (ed.), Polonezii din România: repere identitare, pp. 133–74. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Institutului pentru Studierea Problemelor Minorităților Naționale, 2020, ISBN 978-606-8377-62-9
