Kuwait is part of the Tigris–Euphrates river system basin.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Several Tigris–Euphrates confluences form parts of the Kuwait–Iraq border.[7] Bubiyan Island is part of the Shatt al-Arab delta.[8] Kuwait is partially part of the Mesopotamian Marshes.[9][10][11] Kuwait does not currently have any permanent rivers within its territory. However, Kuwait does have several wadis, the most notable of which is Wadi al-Batin which forms the border between Kuwait and Iraq.[12] Kuwait also has several river-like marine channels around Bubiyan Island, most notably Khawr Abd Allah which is now an estuary, but once was the point where the Shatt al-Arab emptied into the Persian Gulf. Khawr Abd Allah is located in southern Iraq and northern Kuwait, the Iraq-Kuwait border divides the lower portion of the estuary, but adjacent to the port of Umm Qasr the estuary becomes wholly Iraqi. It forms the northeast coastline of Bubiyan Island and the north coastline of Warbah Island.[13]
Wadis
edit- Bahrat al Abraq
- Bahrat al Mirfi
- Shaib Rujm al Jahtan
- Wadi al Batin (Kuwait River)
Marine Channels of Bubiyan Island
editReferences
edit- ^ "Buffering the impacts of extreme climate variability in the highly engineered Tigris Euphrates river system".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Zentner, Matthew (2012). Design and impact of water treaties: Managing climate change. p. 144. ISBN 9783642237430.
The Tigris-Euphrates-Shatt al Arab is shared between Iraq, Iran, Syria, Kuwait and Turkey.
- ^ Rubec, Clayton (2009). "The Key Biodiversity Areas Project in Iraq: Objectives and scope 2004–2008": 40.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Lower Tigris & Euphrates". feow.org. 2013. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015.
- ^ "Lower Tigris & Euphrates". feow.org.
- ^ Bozkurt, Deniz; Omer Lutfi Sen (2012). "Hydrological response of past and future climate changes in the Euphrates-Tigris Basin" (PDF). p. 1.
The Euphrates-Tigris Basin, covering areas in five countries (Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Iran and Kuwait), is a major water resource of the Middle East.
- ^ Caldwel, Dan (2011). Vortex of Conflict: U.S. Policy Toward Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iraq. p. 60. ISBN 9780804777490.
- ^ Reinink-Smith, Linda; Carter, Robert (2022). "Late Holocene development of Bubiyan Island, Kuwait". Quaternary Research: 1–23. doi:10.1017/qua.2022.3. S2CID 248250022.
- ^ "The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities".
- ^ "Analysis of the environmental reality of the marshes and its sustainable development". 2022: 7-15.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Wilson, Anthony (2017-11-15). Swamp: Nature and Culture. Reaktion Books. ISBN 978-1-78023-891-3.
- ^ "Wadi Al-Bāṭin | river, Asia | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
- ^ "'Abd Allah Khawr". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I: A-Ak - Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2010. pp. 16. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.