List of state leaders in 16th-century South Asia

Timmaraja Wodeyar II, vassal Maharaja (1553–1565), independent Maharaja (1565–1572)
Chamaraja Wodeyar IV, Maharaja (1572–1576)
Chamaraja Wodeyar V, Maharaja (1576–1578)
Raja Wodeyar I, Maharaja (1578–1617)

Nawanagar (complete list) –

Rawalji Lakhaji, Jam Saheb (1540–1562)
Vibhaji Rawalji, Jam Saheb (1562–1569)
Sataji Vibhaji, Jam Saheb (1569–1608)

Nayakas of Chitradurga (complete list) –

Obanna Nayaka I, Chief (1588–1602)

Nayakas of Keladi (complete list) –

Sadashiva Nayaka, Raja (1530–1566)^[5]
Sankanna Nayaka, Raja (1566–1570)
Chikka Sankanna Nayaka, Raja (1570–1580)
Rama Raja Nayaka, Raja (1580–1586)
Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka, Raja (1586–1629)

Orchha (complete list) –

Rudra Pratap Singh, Raja (1501–1531)^[6]
Bharatichand, Raja (1531–1554)^[7]
Madhukar Shah, Raja (1554–1592)^[8]
Ram Shah, Raja (1592–1605)^[8]

Golconda Sultanate: Qutb Shahi dynasty of the Deccan (complete list) –

Sultan Quli Qutbl Mulk, Sultan (1518–1543)
Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah, Sultan (1543–1550)
Subhan Quli Qutb Shah, Sultan (1550)
Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah, Sultan (1550–1580)
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, Sultan (1580–1612)

Rajpipla (complete list) –

Bhimdev, Maharana (1463–c.1526)
Raisinhji, Maharana (1526–c.1543)
Karanbaji, Maharana (1543–?)
Abhayraj Ji, Maharana (16th century)
Sujansinhji, Maharana (16th century)
Bhairavsinhji, Maharana (16th century)
Pruthuraj Ji, Maharana (1583–1593)
Deepsinhji, Maharana (1593–?)

Bandhogarh (complete list) –

Shaktivan Deo, Raja (1495–1500)
Veer Singh Deo, Raja (1500–1540)
Virbhan Singh, Raja (1540–1555)
Ramchandra Singh, Raja (1555–1592)
Duryodhan Singh, Raja (1593–1618)

Sur Empire (complete list) –

Sher Shah Suri, Padishah (1532^[9]–1545)^[9]
Islam Shah Suri, Padishah (1545^[10]–1554)^[10]
Firuz Shah Suri, Padishah (1554)^[11]
Muhammad Adil Shah, Padishah (1554–1555)^[12]
Ibrahim Shah Suri, Padishah (1555)^[12]
Sikandar Shah Suri, Padishah (1555)^[12]
Adil Shah Suri, Padishah (1555–1556)^[12]

Thanjavur Nayak kingdom (complete list) –

Chevvappa Nayak, King (1532–1580)
Achuthappa Nayak, King (1560–1614)
Raghunatha Nayak, King (1600–1634)

Tripura: Manikya dynasty (complete list) –

Dhanya Manikya, Maharaja (1490–1515)
Dhwaja Manikya, Maharaja (1515–1520)
Deva Manikya, Maharaja (1520–1530)
Indra Manikya I, Maharaja (1530–1532)
Vijaya Manikya II, Maharaja (1532–1563)
Ananta Manikya, Maharaja (1563–1567)
Udai Manikya, Maharaja (1567–1573)
Joy Manikya I, Maharaja (1573–1577)
Amar Manikya, Maharaja (1577–1585)
Rajdhar Manikya I, Maharaja (1586–1600)
Ishwar Manikya, Maharaja (1600)
Yashodhar Manikya, Maharaja (1600–1623)

Udaipur (complete list) –

Rai Mal, Maharana (1473–1509)
Sangram Singh I, Maharana (1509–1528)
Ratan Singh II, Maharana (1528–1531)
Vikramaditya Singh, Maharana (1531–1537)
Vanvir Singh, Maharana (1537–1540)
Udai Singh II, Maharana (1540–1568)
Udai Singh II, Maharana (1568–1572)
Pratap Singh I, Maharana (1572–1597)
Amar Singh I, Maharana (1597–1620)

Venad (complete list) –

Vira Ravi Ravi Varma, King (1484–1503)
Martanda Varma, Kulasekhara Perumal, King (1503–1504)
Vira Ravi Kerala Varma, Kulasekhara Perumal, King (1504–1528)

Vijayanagara Empire: Tuluva dynasty (complete list) –

Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, King (1491–1503)
Viranarasimha Raya, King (1503–1509)
Krishnadevaraya, King (1509–1529)
Achyuta Deva Raya, King (1529–1542)
Venkata I, King (1542)
Sadasiva Raya, puppet ruler (1542–1570)

Vijayanagara Empire: Araveeti dynasty (complete list) –

Aliya Rama Raya, Regent (1542–1565)
Tirumala Deva Raya, King (1565–1572)
Sriranga I, King (1572–1586)
Venkata II, King (1586–1614)

Zamorin of Calicut (complete list) –

Mana Vikrama III, Samoothiri (c.1571)

Maldives

Sultanate of the Maldives: Hilaaly dynasty (complete list) –

Hassan VII, Sultan (1510–1511)
Sharif Ahmed, Sultan (1511–1513)
Ali III, Sultan (1513)
Kalu Mohamed, Sultan (1513–1529)
Hassan VIII, Sultan (1529–1549)
Mohamed III, Sultan (1549–1551)
Hassan IX, Sultan (1551–1552)
Aboobakuru II, Sultan (1554–1557)
Ali IV, Sultan (1557–1558)
Dom Manoel, King (1558–1573)
Dom Manoel, King (1573–1583)
Dom João, King (1583–1603)

Nepal

Gorkha Kingdom –

Dravya Shah, King (1559–1570)
Purna Shah, King (1570–1605)
Ganesh Pande, Kaji (1559–1606)

Malla rulers of Kantipur (complete list) –

Ratna Malla, Raja (1482–1520)
Surya Malla, Raja (1520–1530)
Amara Malla, Raja (1530–1538)
Narendra Malla, Raja (1538–1560)
Mahendra Malla, Raja (1560–1574)
Sadashiva Malla, Raja (1574–1583)
Shivasimha Malla, Raja (1583–1620)

Malla rulers of Lalitpur (complete list) –

Purandara Simha, Raja (c.1580–1600)
Harihara Simha, Raja (c.1600–1609)

Pakistan

Khanate of Kalat (complete list) –

Bijar Khan Mirwani, Wali (1512–1530)
Zagar Khan Mirwani, Wali (1530–1535)
Ibrahim Khan Qambrani, Wali (1535–1547)
Gwahram Khan Qambrani, Wali (1547–1549)
Hassan Khan Qambrani, Wali (1549–1569)
Sanjar Khan Qambrani, Wali (1569–1581)
Malook Khan Qambrani, Wali (1581–1590)
Qambar Sani Khan Qambrani, Wali (1590–1601)

Samma dynasty (complete list) –

Nizamuddin II, Jam (1461–1508)
Jam Feruzudin, Jam (1508–1527)

Langah Sultanate –

Sultan Mahmud I (1498–1518)
Sultan Husseyn II (1518–1526)
Sultan Mahmud Langah II (1526-1540)

Chitral (princely state): Raees Dynasty

Shah Akber Raees (1491-1520)
Shah Tahir Raees (1520-1531)
Shah Nasir Raees (1531-1574)
Shah Mehmood Raees (1574-1590)

Maqpon dynasty

1490-1515 Bo Kha
1515-1540 Sher Shah
1540-1565 Ali Khan
1565-1590 Ghazi Mir
1580-1624 Ali Sher Khan Anchan

Sri Lanka

Jaffna Kingdom (complete list) –

Singai Pararasasegaram, King (1478–1519)
Cankili I, King (1519–1561)
Puviraja Pandaram, King (1561–1565)
Periyapillai, King (1565–1582)
Kasi Nayinar Pararacacekaran, King (1565–1570)
Puviraja Pandaram, King (1582–1591)
Ethirimana Cinkam, King (1591–1616)

Kingdom of Kandy (complete list) –

Sena Sammatha Wickramabahu, King (1473–1511)
Jayaweera Astana, King (1511–1551)
Karaliyadde Bandara, King (1551–1581)
Dona Catherina, Queen (1581)
Rajasinha I, King (1581–1591)
Vimaladharmasuriya I, King (1590–1604)

Kingdom of Kotte (complete list) –

Parakramabahu VIII, King (1484–1518)
Dharma Parakramabahu IX, King (1509–1528)
Vijayabahu VII, King (1509–1521)
Bhuvanekabahu VII, King (1521–1551)
Dharmapala, King (1551–1597)

Portuguese Ceylon (complete list) –

Colony, 1505–1658

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Kingdom of Sitawaka (complete list) –

Mayadunne, King (1521–1581)
Rajasinha I, King (1581–1593)

References

^ Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh (Set Of 30 Vols.) by Nagendra Kr. Singh.
^ Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, ISBN 0-521-56321-6, p.274
^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 121–122. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
^ Pandey(1993) pg197-332
^ Friedberg, Arthur L.; Friedberg, Ira S. (2009). Sadashiva Nayaka reign. Coin & Currency Institute. ISBN 9780871843081. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
^ Busch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-19976-592-8.
^ Busch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-19976-592-8.
^ ^a ^b Busch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-19976-592-8.
^ ^a ^b Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, p.83
^ ^a ^b Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, pp.90–93
^ Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, p.94
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, pp.94–96

[1] Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh (Set Of 30 Vols.) by Nagendra Kr. Singh.

[michell_274-2] Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, ISBN 0-521-56321-6, p.274

[sen2-3] Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 121–122. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.

[4] Pandey(1993) pg197-332

[Gold_Coins_of_the_World-5] Friedberg, Arthur L.; Friedberg, Ira S. (2009). Sadashiva Nayaka reign. Coin & Currency Institute. ISBN 9780871843081. Retrieved 30 June 2015.

[6] Busch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-19976-592-8.

[busch29-7] Busch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-19976-592-8.

[Busch-8] Busch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-19976-592-8.

[p.83-9] Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, p.83

[p.90-33-10] Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, pp.90–93

[p.94-11] Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, p.94

[p.94-96-12] Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-407-1, pp.94–96

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]