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Invasive species in California, the introduced species of fauna−animals and flora−plants that are established and have naturalized within California.
Native plants and animals can become threatened endangered species from the spread of invasive species in natural habitats and/or developed areas (e.g. agriculture, transport, settlement).
Animals
editInvasive animal species include:
Mammals
edit- Black rat
- Nutria (also known as coypu)[1]
- Fallow deer[2]
- Axis deer (eradicated)[2]
- Feral cat
- Feral dog
- Wild boar
Birds
edit- Common starling
- Red-masked parakeet
- Mute swan[3]
- Rock dove
- House sparrow
- Eurasian collared dove
- Japanese white-eye
- Lilac-crowned parrot
- Yellow-headed parrot
- Domestic chickens
Reptiles
edit- Southern watersnake[3]
- Northern watersnake[3]
- Red-eared slider[3]
- Brown anole
- Jackson's chameleon
- Italian wall lizard
- Mediterranean house gecko
- Spiny softshell turtle[4]
Amphibians
editFish
edit- Snakehead (eradicated)
Invertebrates
edit- Apis mellifera scutellata — Africanized honeybee
- Bactrocera dorsalis — Oriental fruit fly (eradicated)[7]
- Carcinus maenas — European green crab[8]
- Corbicula fluminea — Asian clam, golden freshwater clam
- Eriocheir sinensis — Chinese mitten crab[3]
- Euwallacea fornicatus — Polyphagous and Kuroshio shot hole borers[3]
- Linepithema humile — Argentine ant
- Liriomyza trifolii — American serpentine leaf miner
- Milax gagates — greenhouse slug
- Potamopyrgus antipodarum — New Zealand mud snail[3]
- Pomacea canaliculata — channeled apple snail[3]
- Solenopsis invicta — red imported fire ant
- Theba pisana — white garden snail
Plants
editInvasive plant species include:
- Aegilops triuncialis — barbed goat grass
- Acacia melanoxylon — black acacia
- Ailanthus altissima — tree-of-Vanessa
- Arundo donax — giant reed
- Carpobrotus edulis — iceplant
- Centaurea solstitialis — yellow starthistle
- Cirsium vulgare — bull thistle
- Cortaderia jubata — pampas grass
- Eucalyptus camaldulensis — red gum
- Eucalyptus globulus — blue gum
- Ficus carica — edible fig
- Fraxinus uhdei — shamel ash, evergreen ash
- Hedera canariensis — Algerian ivy, 'California' ivy
- Ipomoea indica — blue morning glory
- Ligustrum ovalifolium — 'California' privet
- Marrubium vulgare — horehound
- Mesembryanthemum crystallinum — common iceplant
- Nicotiana glauca — tree tobacco
- Pennisetum setaceum — fountain grass
- Ricinus communis — castor bean
- Rubus armeniacus — Himalayan blackberry
- Schinus terebinthifolius — Brazilian pepper tree
- Tamarix ramosissima — salt cedar, tamarisk
- Ulex europaeus — common gorse
- Vachellia tortilis — umbrella thorn
- Vinca major— periwinkle
- Washingtonia robusta — Mexican fan palm
- Zantedeschia aethiopica — calla lily
- Genista monspessulana - French broom
- Spartium junceum - Spanish broom
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Marshall, Sage (April 27, 2023). "Can California Eradicate These Giant Invasive Rodents from Its Wetlands?". Field & Stream. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
- ^ a b "Non-Native Deer". National Park Service. September 10, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "California's Invaders". California Department of Fish and Wildlife. September 10, 2017.
- ^ "Alien Reptiles and Amphibians in California". California Herps. September 10, 2017.
- ^ "Killer Meat-Eating Frogs Terrorize San Francisco". FoxNews. March 14, 2007. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved September 10, 2017.
- ^ "The Killer Frogs of Lily Pond:San Francisco poised to checkmate amphibious African predators of Golden Gate Park". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 6, 2013.
- ^ "Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly)". Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International. July 9, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
- ^ "The Green Crab Project". UC Davis. 2014. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
External links
edit- University of California Statewide IPM Program: Exotic & invasive pests website homepage — IPM = integrated pest management.
