In cricket, match fixing occurs as a match is played to a completely or partially pre-determined result, violating the rules of the game and often the law. In particular, players have been approached by bookmakers and bribed to throw matches or aspects of matches (such as the toss), or provide other essential information. Fixing has happened in both international - including Test matches and One Day Internationals - and domestic cricket. Banning a cricketer from playing cricket for varying durations may be one of the penalties for those found guilty of match-fixing charges. Such a ban is issued by the International Cricket Council (ICC), the sport's governing body, or by the respective cricket board to which the offending player belongs. A ban may be for match fixing or spot-fixing. Both are misdemeanours banned under the ICC Cricket Code of Conduct.
International cricket
editPlayer | National team | Length of ban | Details | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Saleem Malik | Pakistan | Life ban (Overturned in 2008) |
Banned in 2000 for offering bribes. First cricketer to be banned for lifetime for corruption, and also first cricketer to be jailed. | [1] |
2 | Ata-ur-Rehman | Pakistan | Life ban (lifted in 2006) |
Banned in 2000 for dealings with bookmakers. | [2] |
3 | Mohammad Azharuddin | India | Life ban (Overturned in 2012) |
Alleged in 2000 for associating with bookmakers and for allegedly providing information to bookies and introducing Hansie Cronje to betting. On 8 November 2012, the life ban was overturned as the case was deemed unsustainable | [3] |
4 | Ajay Sharma | India | Life ban (later lifted by BCCI in 2014) | Found guilty in 2000 for associating with bookmakers. | [4] |
5 | Ajay Jadeja | India | 5 years (Overturned in 2003) |
Alleged to have associated with bookmakers. | [5] |
6 | Manoj Prabhakar | India | 5 years | In 2000 he tried to implicate Kapil Dev and others, but it backfired as he was found guilty himself. | [6] |
7 | Hansie Cronje | South Africa | Life ban | Guilty of accepting monetary rewards from bookmakers for providing information and for fixing matches. | [7] |
8 | Herschelle Gibbs | South Africa | 6 months | Initially agreed to under-perform in an ODI game at Nagpur, but reneged on the deal and scored 74 off just 53 balls. | [8] |
9 | Henry Williams | South Africa | 6 months | Initially agreed to under-perform in an ODI game at Nagpur by conceding more than 50 runs off 10 overs, however got injured after bowling 11 legitimate deliveries and 6 wides, conceding 11 runs. | [9] |
10 | Maurice Odumbe | Kenya | 5 years | Receiving money from bookmakers. | [10] |
11 | Marlon Samuels | West Indies | 2 years | Passing on team information to an alleged bookmaker. | [11] |
12 | Mohammad Amir | Pakistan | 5 years | Bowling planned no-balls against England in August 2010. In November 2011 he was sentenced to six months in a young offenders institution by Southwark Crown Court, England, for conspiracy to cheat at gambling and conspiracy to accept corrupt payments.[12] | [13] |
13 | Mohammad Asif | Pakistan | 7 years (2 years suspended) |
Bowling planned no-balls against England in August 2010. In November 2011 he was sentenced to 12 months in prison by Southwark Crown Court, England, for conspiracy to cheat at gambling and conspiracy to accept corrupt payments.[12] | [14] |
14 | Salman Butt | Pakistan | 10 years (5 years suspended) |
Orchestrating the bowling of no-balls against England in August 2010. In November 2011 he was sentenced to 2 years and 6 months in prison by Southwark Crown Court, England, for conspiracy to cheat at gambling and conspiracy to accept corrupt payments.[12] | [15] |
15 | Danish Kaneria | Pakistan | Life ban | Arrested in 2010 by police investigating "match irregularities" whilst playing for Essex, but was cleared of allegations. However, he was found guilty by an England and Wales Cricket Board disciplinary panel and banned for life, a decision which the Pakistan Cricket Board agree to abide to. Kaneria appealed the decision in 2013 but the ban was upheld. In October 2018, Kaneria finally admits to his involvement in 2009 spot-fixing scandal.[16] | [17] |
16 | Mohammad Ashraful | Bangladesh | 8 years (3 years suspended) |
Banned for his involvement in fixing in the 2013 season of the Bangladesh Premier League season 2. | [18] |
17 | Shariful Haque | Bangladesh | Indefinite period | Banned in September 2012 for approaching players to fix matches in the Bangladesh Premier League | [19] |
18 | Lou Vincent | New Zealand | Life ban (Partially overturned in 2023) |
Initially banned for failure to report an approach to fix a game in the Bangladesh Premier League for 3 years but was then banned for life after match fixing in English Domestic Cricket. | [20] |
19 | Kaushal Lokuarachchi | Sri Lanka | 18 months | Banned for failure to report an approach to fix a game in the Bangladesh Premier League. | [18] |
20 | Gulam Bodi | South Africa | 20 years | Attempting to fix matches in the Ram Slam Twenty20 competition matches in South Africa. | [21] |
21 | Irfan Ahmed | Hong Kong | 30 months | Banned in April 2016 for failure to disclose "full details of approaches or invitations to engage in corrupt conduct that had been made to him between January 2012 and January 2014" | [22] |
22 | Thami Tsolekile | South Africa | 12 years | Banned in August 2016 for "contriving to fix" in the 2015 Ram Slam, and failing to disclose the full details of an approach. | [23] |
23 | Sharjeel Khan | Pakistan | 5 years | Banned in August 2017 for spot-fixing charges in the Pakistan Super League. | [24] |
24 | Lonwabo Tsotsobe | South Africa | 8 years | Banned in August 2015 over match fixing | |
25 | Alviro Petersen | South Africa | 2 years | Banned in 2016 over match fixing | |
26 | Shakib Al Hasan | Bangladesh | 1 year | Banned from all cricket for failing to report bookie approaches in October 2019 | [25] |
27 | Umar Akmal | Pakistan | 3 years | Banned from all cricket in April 2020 for failing to report corrupt approaches | [26] |
28 | Shafiqullah Shafaq | Afghanistan | 6 years | Banned from all cricket in May 2020 for attempting to fix matches in the 2019-20 Bangladesh Premier League and 2018 Afghanistan Premier League. | [27] |
29 | Shaiman Anwar | United Arab Emirates | 8 years | Banned from all cricket in March 2021 for attempting to fix matches in the ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier in April 2019. | [28] |
30 | Mohammad Naveed | United Arab Emirates | 8 years | Banned from all cricket in March 2021 for attempting to fix matches in the ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier in April 2019. | [28] |
31 | Qadeer Ahmed | United Arab Emirates | 5 years | Banned from all cricket in April 2021 for attempting to fix matches in the ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier in April 2019. | [29] |
32 | Amir Hayat | United Arab Emirates | 8 years | Banned from all cricket in July 2021 for attempting to fix matches in the ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier in April 2019. | [30] |
33 | Ashfaq Ahmed | United Arab Emirates | 8 years | Banned from all cricket in July 2021 for attempting to fix matches in the ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier in April 2019. | [30] |
Domestic cricket
editPlayer | Domestic team | Length of ban | Details | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mervyn Westfield | Essex | 5 years | Arrested in 2010 by police investigating "match irregularities" whilst playing for Essex. He was convicted of conspiracy to defraud as part of a spot fixing scam and received a four-month prison sentence. | [31][32] |
2 | TP Sudhindra | Deccan Chargers | Life ban | "Receiving a consideration to spot-fix" in a domestic game. | [33] |
3 | Mohnish Mishra | Pune Warriors India | 1 year | Bringing the game into disrepute through "loose talk and unsubstantiated bragging". | [33] |
4 | Amit Yadav | Kings XI Punjab | 1 year | Spot fixing and match fixing. | [33] |
5 | Abhinav Bali | Kings XI Punjab | 1 year | Spot fixing and match fixing. | [33] |
6 | Shalabh Srivastava | Kings XI Punjab | 5 years | Agreeing to and negotiating terms to fix a match. | [33] |
7 | Ankeet Chavan | Rajasthan Royals | Life ban | Spot fixing. | [34] |
8 | Amit Singh | Rajasthan Royals | 5 years | Acted as a middleman between the bookies and the Rajasthan Royals cricketers.[35] | [34] |
9 | Siddharth Trivedi | Rajasthan Royals | 1 year | Failed to report that bookies approached him, even though he had no involvement in match fixing or spot fixing.[36] | [34] |
10 | Naved Arif | Sussex | Life ban | Banned for life after admitting to breaching the board's Anti-Corruption Code regarding corrupt activity in connection with the CB40 fixture between Sussex and Kent at Hove in August 2011 | [37] |
11 | Ajit Chandila | Rajasthan Royals | Life ban | Spot fixing | [38] |
12 | Hiken Shah | Mumbai | 5-years | Illegal approach | [38] |
13 | Sreesanth | Rajasthan Royals | Life ban (reduced to 7 years. Going to resume from 13 September 2020) | Gave 14 runs in an over as planned in an IPL match for Rajasthan Royals against Kings XI Punjab on 9 May 2013.[39] He was arrested on 16 May 2013 for accepting money from bookies to underperform, but was released on bail a month later and acquitted by court .[40] | [41] |
14 | Ethy Mbhalati | Titans | 10-years | Spot Fixing | [23] |
15 | Jean Symes | Highveld Lions | 7-years | Failing to report a payment | [23] |
16 | Pumelela Matshikwe | Highveld Lions | 10-years | Spot Fixing | [23] |
17 | Sharjeel Khan | Spot Fixing in PSL | [42] | ||
18 | Nasir Jamshed | Spot Fixing in PSL | [43] | ||
19 | Khalid Latif | Spot Fixing in PSL | [44] | ||
20 | Mohammad Irfan | Penalised for not reporting approach by bookies in PSL | [45] | ||
21 | Mohammad Nawaz | Suspended for failing to report a suspect approach in PSL | [46] | ||
22 | Shahzaib Hasan | Banned for failing to disclose a fixing offer during the PSL | [47] | ||
23 | Marlon Samuels | Karnataka Tuskers | 6 years | Banned for accepting favours that brought himself and the game into disrepute and concealing information from the investigating authorities | [48] |
References
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- ^ "Player Profile: Ata-ur-Rehman". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
- ^ "Player Profile: Mohammad Azharuddin". Rediff. Archived from the original on 13 September 2005. Retrieved 1 November 2005.
- ^ "Player Profile: Ajay Sharma". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 8 July 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
- ^ "Player Profile: Ajay Jadeja". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
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- ^ "Player Profile: Hansie Cronje". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
- ^ "Player Profile: Herschelle Gibbs". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 18 February 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
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- ^ "Kaneria finally admits to his involvement in 2009 spot-fixing scandal". Cricbuzz. 18 October 2018. Archived from the original on 18 October 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
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- ^ a b Islam, Mohammad (18 June 2014). "Ashraful banned for eight years". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "Bangladesh spinner Shariful Haque banned for spot-fixing". Herald Sun. APP. 5 September 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ ESPNcricinfo Staff (1 July 2014). "'My name is Lou Vincent and I am a cheat'". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
- ^ Martin, Ali (25 January 2016). "Gulam Bodi banned for 20 years for Ram Slam match-fixing attempts". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ ESPNcricinfo Staff (20 April 2016). "Hong Kong's Irfan Ahmed suspended for two years and six months". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
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