This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (August 2017) |
A creation myth (or creation story) is a cultural, religious or traditional myth which describes the earliest beginnings of the present world. Creation myths are the most common form of myth, usually developing first in oral traditions, and are found throughout human culture. A creation myth is usually regarded by those who subscribe to it as conveying profound truths, though not necessarily in a historical or literal sense. They are commonly, though not always, considered cosmogonical myths, that is, they describe the ordering of the cosmos from a state of chaos or amorphousness.
Basic type
editCreation from chaos
edit- Enûma Eliš (Babylonian creation myth)
- Eridu Genesis
- Greek cosmogonical myth
- Jamshid
- Korean creation narratives
- Kumulipo
- Mandé creation myth
- Pangu
- Raven in Creation
- Serer creation myth
- Tungusic creation myth
- Unkulunkulu
- Väinämöinen
- Viracocha
Earth diver
edit- Ainu creation myth
- Cherokee creation myth
- Iroquois creation myth
- Väinämöinen
- Yoruba creation myth (Nigeria, Africa)
- Ob-Ugric creation myth
Emergence
editEx nihilo (out of nothing)
edit- Debate between sheep and grain
- Barton cylinder
- Ancient Egyptian creation myths
- Genesis creation (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Rastafari)
- Kabezya-Mpungu
- Māori myths
- Mbombo
- Ngai
- Popol Vuh
Raven Tales
editWorld parent
edit- Coatlicue
- Enûma Eliš
- Greek cosmogonical myth
- Heliopolis creation myth
- Hiranyagarbha creation myth
- Kumulipo
- Rangi and Papa
- Völuspá
Divine twins
editRegional
editAfrica
edit- Ancient Egyptian creation myths
- Fon creation myth
- Kaang creation myth (Bushmen)
- Kintu myth (Bugandan)
- Mandé creation myth
- Mbombo (Kuba, Bakuba or Bushongo/Boshongo)
- Ngai (Kamba, Kikuyu and Maasai )
- Serer creation myth (cosmogony of the Serer people of Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania)
- Unkulunkulu (Zulu)
- Yoruba creation (Nigeria, Africa)
Americas
editCaribbean
Mesoamerica
edit- Coatlicue (Aztec)
- Maya creation of the world myth
- Popol Vuh (Quiché Mayan)
Mid North America
edit- Anishinaabeg creation stories
- Cherokee creation myth
- Choctaw creation myth
- Creek creation myth
- Hopi creation myth
- Iroquois creation myth
- Kuterastan (Plains Apache)
- Diné Bahaneʼ (Navajo)
- Raven in Creation (Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian)
- Zuni creation myth
South America
edit- Legend of Trentren Vilu and Caicai Vilu (Chilean)
- Viracocha (Incan)
- Xolas (Chilean)
Asia
editCentral Asia
editEast Asia
edit- Ainu creation myth (Japan)
- Au Co (Vietnamese)
- Chinese creation myth
- Japanese creation myth
- Korean creation narratives
- Vietnamese creation myth
- Nüwa (Chinese)
- Pangu (Chinese)
Indian subcontinent
edit- Ajativada
- Buddhist cosmology
- Folk Hindu creation myth
- Hiranyagarbha creation (India)
- Jainism and non-creationism (India)
- Meitei mythology (India)
- Mimamsa eternalism (India)
- Nyaya-Vaisheshika atomic theory (India)
- Samkhya-yoga theory (India)
- Sanamahi creation myth (India)
Europe
edit- Slavic creation myth
- Theogony (Classical Greco-Roman)
- Book of Invasions (Celtic, specifically Irish)
- Väinämöinen (Finnish)
- Völuspá (Norse)
Middle East
edit- Debate between sheep and grain
- Enûma Eliš (Babylonian)
- Eridu Genesis (Sumerian)
- Genesis creation (Hebrew)
- Islamic creation myth (Arabic)
- Leviathan (Book of Job 38-41 creation myth)
- Mashya and Mashyana (Persian)
Pacific Islands/Oceanic
edit- Areop-Enap (Nauruan)
- Kumulipo (Hawaiian)
- Māori myths (Māori)
- Rangi and Papa (Māori)
- Sureq Galigo (Buginese)
Australian
editThe Australian Aboriginal concepts of "The Dreaming" or "Dreamtime".[1]
In mythopoeia
editIn mythopoeia, an artificial mythology created by writers of prose or other fiction, traditional mythological themes and archetypes are integrated into fiction. Some works of mythopoeia also feature creation myths:
- Ainulindalë from Tolkien's The Silmarillion
References
edit- Leeming, David Adams; Leeming, Margaret Adams (1994). Encyclopedia of Creation Myths (2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-87436-739-3.
- Leeming, David Adams; Leeming, Margaret Adams (2009). A Dictionary of Creation Myths (Oxford Reference Online ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-510275-8.