The following list of countries by intentional death rate has been obtained by adding the suicide rate from the World Health Organization and the homicide rate from the UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Study. Intentional deaths include homicide (intentional injury death of another) and suicide (intentional injury death of self).
![Suicide vs violent deaths 2016](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Suicide-vs-violent-deaths.png/350px-Suicide-vs-violent-deaths.png)
Based upon various metrics alongside calculations over the course of multiple years, Singapore has the lowest intentional death rate in the world, with Honduras being the highest.[1][2]
Definition
editIntentional homicide is defined by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in its Global Study on Homicide report[3] thus:
Within the broad range of violent deaths, the core element of intentional homicide is the complete liability of the direct perpetrator, which thus excludes killings directly related to war or conflicts, self-inflicted death (suicide), killings due to legal interventions or justifiable killings (such as self-defence), and those deaths caused when the perpetrator was reckless or negligent but did not intend to take a human life (non-intentional homicide).
Though some discrepancies exist in how specific categories of intentional killings are classified, the definitions used by countries to record data are generally close to the UNODC definition, making the homicide rates highly comparable at the international level.[4] UNODC uses the homicide rate as a proxy for overall violence, as this type of crime is one of the most accurately reported and internationally comparable indicators.[5]
Figures from the Global Study on Homicide are based on the UNODC Homicide Statistics dataset, which is derived from the criminal justice or public health systems of a variety of countries and territories.[6] The homicide rates derived from criminal justice data (typically recorded by police authorities) and the public health system data (recorded when the cause of death is established) may diverge substantially for some countries.[7] The two sources usually match in the Americas, Europe and Oceania, but there are large discrepancies for the three African countries reporting both sources.[8] For the 70 countries in which neither source was made available, figures were derived from WHO statistical models.[7]
Deaths resulting from an armed conflict between states are never included in the count.[9] Killings caused by a non-international armed conflict may or may not be included, depending on the intensity of hostilities and whether it is classified as 'civil unrest' or a clash between organized armed groups.[9]
List of countries by intentional death rate
editCountry | Intentional Death | Homicide | Suicide | Ratio (H:S) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lesotho | 131.1 | 43.6 | 87.5 | 0.50 |
Greenland[14] (more info) | 65.5 | 5.3 | 60.2 | 0.09 |
Guyana (more info) | 60.9 | 20.0 | 40.9 | 0.49 |
South Africa[15] | 57.0 | 33.5 | 23.5 | 1.43 |
Eswatini | 52.1 | 11.6 | 40.5 | 0.29 |
U.S. Virgin Islands | 49.3 | 49.3 | N/A | N/A |
Jamaica | 47.0 | 44.7 | 2.3 | 19.43 |
El Salvador | 43.3 | 37.2 | 6.1 | 6.10 |
Central African Republic | 43.1 | 20.1 | 23.0 | 6.10 |
Nigeria | 41.4 | 34.5 | 6.9 | 0.87 |
Honduras | 38.9 | 36.3 | 2.6 | 13.96 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 38.9 | 30.6 | 8.3 | 3.69 |
Venezuela | 38.8 | 36.7 | 2.1 | 17.48 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 37.5 | 36.5 | 1.0 | 36.50 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 36.1 | 36.1 | 0.0 | N/A |
Botswana | 35.4 | 15.2 | 20.2 | 0.75 |
Mexico | 33.7 | 28.4 | 5.3 | 5.36 |
Belize | 33.4 | 25.7 | 7.7 | 3.34 |
Suriname | 31.3 | 5.4 | 25.9 | 0.21 |
Zimbabwe | 31.1 | 7.5 | 23.6 | 0.32 |
Uruguay | 30.9 | 12.1 | 18.8 | 0.64 |
Kiribati | 30.6 | N/A | 30.6 | N/A |
Micronesia | 29.0 | N/A | 29.0 | N/A |
Russia[16] (more info) | 28.9 | 7.3 | 21.6 | 0.34 |
Guatemala | 28.7 | 22.5 | 6.2 | 3.63 |
Anguilla | 28.3 | 28.3 | N/A | N/A |
Saint Lucia | 28.3 | 21.4 | 6.9 | 3.10 |
Saint Martin | 27.7 | 27.7 | N/A | N/A |
Brazil | 27.3 | 20.9 | 6.4 | 3.27 |
Mozambique | 26.7 | 3.5 | 23.2 | 0.15 |
Colombia | 26.3 | 22.6 | 3.7 | 6.11 |
Puerto Rico | 25.9 | 18.5 | 7.4 | 2.50 |
Namibia | 25.4 | 11.9 | 13.5 | 0.88 |
Mongolia | 24.0 | 6.0 | 18.0 | 0.33 |
Yemen | 23.9 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 0.96 |
Ukraine (more info) | 23.9 | 6.2 | 17.7 | 0.35 |
Lithuania[17] (more info) | 23.9 | 3.7 | 20.2 | 0.18 |
The Bahamas | 22.0 | 18.6 | 3.4 | 5.47 |
South Korea[18][19][20] (more info) | 21.8 | 0.6 | 21.2 | 0.03 |
Cape Verde | 21.7 | 6.5 | 15.2 | 0.43 |
South Sudan | 21.6 | 14.9 | 6.7 | 2.22 |
Kazakhstan (more info) | 21.3 | 3.2 | 18.1 | 0.18 |
Vanuatu | 21.0 | N/A | 21.0 | N/A |
Dominica | 20.8 | 20.8 | N/A | N/A |
United States[21] (more info) | 20.8 | 6.3 | 14.5 | 0.43 |
Montserrat | 20.3 | 20.3 | N/A | N/A |
Uganda | 20.1 | 9.7 | 10.4 | 0.93 |
Zambia | 19.8 | 5.4 | 14.4 | 0.38 |
Montenegro | 19.1 | 2.9 | 16.2 | 0.18 |
Curaçao | 19.0 | 19.0 | N/A | N/A |
Belarus[22][23] | 18.9 | 2.4 | 16.5 | 0.15 |
Costa Rica | 18.8 | 11.2 | 7.6 | 1.47 |
Latvia | 18.7 | 2.6 | 16.1 | 0.16 |
Ethiopia | 18.3 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 0.93 |
Burundi | 18.2 | 6.1 | 12.1 | 0.50 |
Haiti | 17.9 | 6.7 | 11.2 | 0.59 |
Angola | 17.4 | 4.8 | 12.6 | 0.38 |
Solomon Islands | 17.4 | N/A | 17.4 | N/A |
Cameroon | 17.3 | 1.4 | 15.9 | 0.09 |
Eritrea | 17.3 | N/A | 17.3 | N/A |
Seychelles | 17.1 | 12.5 | 4.6 | 2.72 |
Moldova | 16.3 | 4.1 | 12.2 | 0.34 |
India (more info) | 15.9 | 3.0 | 12.9 | 0.23 |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 15.8 | 15.8 | N/A | N/A |
Burkina Faso | 15.7 | 1.3 | 14.4 | 0.09 |
Ivory Coast | 15.7 | N/A | 15.7 | N/A |
Belgium | 15.6 | 1.7 | 13.9 | 0.12 |
Ecuador | 15.5 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 1.01 |
Sri Lanka[24](more info) | 15.3 | 2.4 | 12.9 | 0.19 |
Estonia | 15.3 | 3.2 | 12.0 | 0.27 |
Cuba | 15.2 | 5.0 | 10.2 | 0.49 |
Kenya | 15.0 | 4.0 | 11.0 | 0.36 |
Finland[25] | 15.0 | 1.6 | 13.4 | 0.12 |
Hong Kong | 14.9 | 0.3 | 14.6 | 0.02 |
Iraq | 14.8 | 10.1 | 4.7 | 2.15 |
Togo | 14.8 | N/A | 14.8 | N/A |
Tanzania | 14.7 | 6.5 | 8.2 | 0.79 |
Somalia | 14.7 | N/A | 14.7 | N/A |
Samoa | 14.6 | N/A | 14.6 | N/A |
Niger | 14.5 | 4.4 | 10.1 | 0.44 |
Slovenia[26] | 14.5 | 0.5 | 14.0 | 0.04 |
Dominican Republic | 14.0 | 8.9 | 5.1 | 1.75 |
Panama | 14.0 | 11.1 | 2.9 | 3.83 |
Benin | 13.8 | 1.1 | 12.7 | 0.09 |
Pakistan[27] | 13.7 | 3.9 | 9.8 | 0.40 |
Sweden | 13.6 | 1.2 | 12.4 | 0.10 |
Guinea-Bissau | 13.5 | 1.1 | 12.4 | 0.09 |
Equatorial Guinea | 13.5 | N/A | 13.5 | N/A |
Argentina | 13.4 | 5.3 | 8.1 | 0.65 |
French Guiana | 13.2 | 13.2 | N/A | N/A |
Chad | 13.2 | N/A | 13.2 | N/A |
Gabon | 13.1 | N/A | 13.1 | N/A |
Bolivia | 13.0 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 0.91 |
Sierra Leone | 13.0 | 1.7 | 11.3 | 0.15 |
Paraguay | 12.9 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 1.08 |
New Zealand[28] | 12.9 | 2.6 | 10.3 | 0.25 |
Afghanistan | 12.7 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 1.12 |
Iceland[29] | 12.7 | 1.5 | 11.2 | 0.13 |
Ghana | 12.6 | 2.1 | 10.5 | 0.20 |
Hungary[30] | 12.6 | 0.8 | 11.8 | 0.07 |
Japan (more info)[31] | 12.5 | 0.3 | 12.2 | 0.02 |
Chile | 12.4 | 4.4 | 8.0 | 0.55 |
Malawi | 12.4 | 1.8 | 10.6 | 0.17 |
Norway | 12.4 | 0.6 | 11.8 | 0.05 |
DR Congo | 12.4 | N/A | 12.4 | N/A |
Canada[32] (more info) | 12.3 | 2.0 | 10.3 | 0.19 |
Guinea | 12.3 | N/A | 12.3 | N/A |
Australia[33] | 12.2 | 0.9 | 11.3 | 0.08 |
Rwanda | 12.1 | 2.6 | 9.5 | 0.27 |
Nepal | 12.1 | 2.3 | 9.8 | 0.23 |
Croatia[34] | 12.0 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 0.09 |
Nicaragua | 11.9 | 7.2 | 4.7 | 1.53 |
Djibouti | 11.9 | N/A | 11.9 | N/A |
Mauritius | 11.7 | 2.9 | 8.8 | 0.33 |
Congo | 11.6 | N/A | 11.6 | N/A |
Antigua and Barbuda | 11.4 | 11.1 | 0.3 | 37.00 |
Grenada | 11.4 | 10.8 | 0.6 | 18.00 |
Senegal | 11.3 | 0.3 | 11.0 | 0.03 |
Austria | 11.1 | 0.7 | 10.4 | 0.07 |
France (more info) | 10.9 | 1.2 | 9.7 | 0.12 |
Liberia | 10.7 | 3.3 | 7.4 | 0.45 |
Peru | 10.6 | 7.9 | 2.7 | 2.93 |
Thailand | 10.6 | 2.6 | 8.0 | 0.33 |
Kyrgyzstan | 10.5 | 2.2 | 8.3 | 0.27 |
Slovakia[30] | 10.5 | 1.2 | 9.3 | 0.13 |
Turkmenistan | 10.3 | 4.2 | 6.1 | 0.69 |
Switzerland | 10.3 | 0.5 | 9.8 | 0.05 |
Czech Republic | 10.2 | 0.7 | 9.5 | 0.07 |
Barbados | 10.1 | 9.8 | 0.3 | 32.67 |
Poland | 10.0 | 0.7 | 9.3 | 0.08 |
Sudan | 9.9 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 1.06 |
Georgia | 9.9 | 2.2 | 7.7 | 0.29 |
Macedonia[30] | 9.9 | 1.9 | 8.0 | 0.24 |
Netherlands[30] | 9.9 | 0.6 | 9.3 | 0.06 |
Singapore | 9.9 | 0.2 | 9.7 | 0.02 |
Ireland | 9.6 | 0.7 | 8.9 | 0.08 |
Gambia | 9.6 | N/A | 9.6 | N/A |
Bosnia and Herzegovina[35] | 9.5 | 1.2 | 8.3 | 0.14 |
Fiji | 9.5 | N/A | 9.5 | N/A |
Uzbekistan | 9.4 | 1.1 | 8.3 | 0.13 |
Madagascar | 9.2 | N/A | 9.2 | N/A |
Germany[30] | 9.1 | 0.8 | 8.3 | 0.10 |
Serbia | 8.9 | 1.0 | 7.9 | 0.13 |
Romania | 8.8 | 1.5 | 7.3 | 0.21 |
Luxembourg[30] | 8.8 | 0.2 | 8.6 | 0.02 |
Vietnam | 8.7 | 1.5 | 7.2 | 0.21 |
East Timor | 8.6 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 0.91 |
Morocco | 8.6 | 1.3 | 7.3 | 0.18 |
Denmark[36] | 8.6 | 1.0 | 7.6 | 0.13 |
Comoros | 8.5 | N/A | 8.5 | N/A |
North Macedonia | 8.4 | 1.2 | 7.2 | 0.17 |
British Virgin Islands | 8.3 | 8.3 | N/A | N/A |
Cayman Islands | 8.2 | 8.2 | N/A | N/A |
North Korea | 8.2 | N/A | 8.2 | N/A |
Bermuda | 8.1 | 8.1 | N/A | N/A |
United Kingdom[37] (more info) | 8.1 | 1.2 | 6.9 | 0.17 |
Portugal[30][38] | 8.1 | 0.9 | 7.2 | 0.13 |
Tunisia | 8.0 | 4.8 | 3.2 | 1.50 |
Mali | 8.0 | N/A | 8.0 | N/A |
Malaysia | 7.9 | 2.1 | 5.8 | 0.36 |
Bahrain | 7.7 | 0.5 | 7.2 | 0.07 |
Iran[39] | 7.6 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 0.49 |
Bhutan | 7.6 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 0.49 |
Bulgaria | 7.5 | 1.0 | 6.5 | 0.15 |
Cambodia | 7.3 | 1.8 | 5.5 | 0.33 |
China[40] (more info) | 7.2 | 0.5 | 6.7 | 0.07 |
Philippines | 6.9 | 4.4 | 2.5 | 1.76 |
Malta | 6.9 | 1.6 | 5.3 | 0.30 |
Israel[41] | 6.7 | 1.5 | 5.2 | 0.29 |
Saudi Arabia | 6.7 | 1.3 | 5.4 | 0.24 |
Bangladesh | 6.3 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 0.62 |
Azerbaijan | 6.3 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 0.58 |
Tajikistan | 6.2 | 0.9 | 5.3 | 0.17 |
Egypt | 6.0 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 0.76 |
Laos | 6.0 | N/A | 6.0 | N/A |
Mayotte | 5.9 | 5.9 | N/A | N/A |
Spain | 5.9 | 0.6 | 5.3 | 0.11 |
Guadeloupe | 5.8 | 5.8 | N/A | N/A |
Albania[42] | 5.8 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 0.57 |
Turks and Caicos Islands | 5.7 | 5.7 | N/A | N/A |
United Arab Emirates | 5.7 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 0.10 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 5.5 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
Mauritania | 5.5 | N/A | 5.5 | N/A |
Myanmar | 5.3 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 0.77 |
Qatar | 5.1 | 0.4 | 4.7 | 0.09 |
Turkey[43] | 4.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.13 |
Italy | 4.8 | 0.5 | 4.3 | 0.12 |
Oman | 4.8 | 0.3 | 4.5 | 0.07 |
Lebanon | 4.7 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 0.68 |
Kuwait | 4.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.67 |
Armenia | 4.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.67 |
Libya | 4.5 | N/A | 4.5 | N/A |
Cyprus[30] | 4.4 | 1.2 | 3.2 | 0.38 |
Greece | 4.4 | 0.8 | 3.6 | 0.22 |
Tonga | 4.4 | N/A | 4.4 | N/A |
Algeria | 3.9 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 0.50 |
Papua New Guinea | 3.6 | N/A | 3.6 | N/A |
Maldives | 3.5 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 0.25 |
Gibraltar | 3.0 | 3.0 | N/A | N/A |
Jordan | 3.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.50 |
Syria | 3.0 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 0.43 |
Brunei | 3.0 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.20 |
Indonesia | 3.0 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 0.15 |
Martinique | 2.8 | 2.8 | N/A | N/A |
Andorra | 2.6 | 2.6 | N/A | N/A |
Liechtenstein | 2.6 | 2.6 | N/A | N/A |
Kosovo | 2.4 | 2.4 | N/A | N/A |
Kurdistan | 2.2 | 2.2 | N/A | N/A |
Aruba | 1.9 | 1.9 | N/A | N/A |
Réunion | 1.8 | 1.8 | N/A | N/A |
Palestine | 1.0 | 1.0 | N/A | N/A |
Taiwan | 0.8 | 0.8 | N/A | N/A |
Macau | 0.3 | 0.3 | N/A | N/A |
Channel Islands | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
Holy See | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
Isle of Man | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
Monaco | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
Saint Helena | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
San Marino | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Samaritians of Singapore. "Suicide Statistics in Singapore" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29.
- ^ "Mortalidad y otros (Mortality and others)" (PDF). IUDPAS. 2011-03-01. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-28. Retrieved 2013-01-22.
- ^ UNODC 2014, p. 10.
- ^ UNODC 2014, pp. 102–103.
- ^ "Note of clarification about the Global Study on Homicide 2013". UNODC. 2 May 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
- ^ "Global Study on Homicide 2013: Executive Summary" (PDF). UNODC. p. 19. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
- ^ a b UNODC 2014, p. 99.
- ^ UNODC 2014, p. 101.
- ^ a b UNODC 2014, p. 104.
- ^ "Homicide Country Data | dataUNODC". dataunodc.un.org. Retrieved 2022-08-09.
- ^ "Homicide rate (option 2) | dataUNODC". dataunodc.un.org. Retrieved 2022-08-09.
- ^ "Homicide rate | dataUNODC". dataunodc.un.org. Retrieved 2022-08-09.
- ^ "GHO | By category | Suicide rate estimates, age-standardized - Estimates by country". WHO. Retrieved 2022-08-09.
- ^ Landgeist (2021-04-01). "Suicide rate". Landgeist. Retrieved 2022-08-09.
- ^ "Crime stats analysis" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ^ "Rosstat". Rosstat. 2012-02-02. Retrieved 2012-02-02.
- ^ "Savižudybiu statistika;". Valstybinis psichikos sveikatos centras. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ "Using psychology on Suicide Bridge". Korea Joongang Daily. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ By UNODC Homicide counts and rates, time series 2000–2012, Homicide rate of Korea 2011 is 0.9. And its statistics includes attempted murder, aiding and abetting of murder, murder conspiracy and others."Footnote #1 of 09 5??? ??, ?? ?? (Status for occurrence and arrest of 5 major crimes) by Korea National Police Agency".
- ^ The number of actual deaths by those crimes is only 184."2011?_????? ???? (2011 Basic statistics for crimes)" (PDF). Supreme Prosecutors' Office Republic of Korea. Retrieved 2014-06-03. That is equivalent to 0.38 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants.
- ^ "National Vital Statistics Reports, vol. 60" (PDF).
- ^ "Information on crimes and victims for 2012;". Belarusian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
- ^ "The number of suicides in Belarus decreased by 10% (for 2011);". naviny.by. 2010-09-07. Retrieved 2013-06-01.
- ^ Only the combined rate for both genders is available for 1996. Full statistics for both genders were last available for 1991 when the rate was men: 44.6, women: 16.8
- ^ "Causes of death, Statistics Finland" (PDF). 2011-12-16.
- ^ Unless otherwise stated all statistics are from WHO: "Suicide rates per 100,000 by country, year and sex (Table)". Statisticni urad Republike Slovenije. 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2012-01-26.
- ^ "Suicide trends in rich and poor countries". Daily Times. 2010-09-28. Retrieved 2011-07-29.
- ^ "New Zealand Government 2008 Social Report" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-09-30.
- ^ "36 died from own hand". Hagstofa Íslands/Statistical Bureau of Iceland. Morgunblaðið. 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-21.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Death Due To Suicide". Eurostat. European Commission. 2009. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
- ^ "Nikkei; LEAD: No. Of Suicides Falls Below 30,000 For 1st Time In 15 Years". Nikkei. 2013-01-17. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
- ^ "Suicides and suicide rate, by sex and by age group, Canada". 13 April 2021.
- ^ Overview of suicide in Australia. Response Ability. 2009.
- ^ Hrvatski zavod za zdravstvo. "MENTALNE BOLESTI I POREME CAJI U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ". Statistika HZZJ. Zagreb. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ^ SRNA (2012-04-16). "BiH: Prošle godine ubilo se 507 lica, od cega 16 maloletnika". SRNA. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ^ "Center for Selvmordsforskning, statistikbank". Archived from the original on 2014-02-28.
- ^ "UK suicide rate rises 'significantly' in 2011". BBC News. 22 January 2013.
- ^ "Crise aumenta número de suicídios em Portugal" (in Portuguese). 18 August 2012. Retrieved 2013-02-10.
- ^ "راهنمای مراقبت از بیماری های روانپزشکی بزرگسالان (ویژه پزشکان)" [A guide for the adults psychiatric illness care (To the doctors)] (PDF) (in Persian). Ministry of Health and Medical Education. 2008. p. 88. Retrieved 2012-01-25.
- ^ "China's suicide rate 'among highest in world'". AFP. 2011-09-08. Archived from the original on January 29, 2014. Retrieved 2012-01-11.
- ^ "Microsoft Word - suicides07-1.doc" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-09-30.
- ^ "WHO | Suicide rates per 100,000 by country, year and sex (Table)". Who.int. 2009-12-07. Archived from the original on 2010-09-27. Retrieved 2010-09-30.
- ^ "Türkiye'nin intihar analizi / Türkiye / Radikal Internet". Radikal.com.tr. Retrieved 2010-09-30.
Sources
edit- Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Contexts, Data (PDF). Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. March 2014. ISBN 9789210542050.
External links
edit- Suicide rates by country, 1950-2011 published by the World Health Organization (WHO).
- OECD Murder Rates : open, downloadable historical murder rates
- International crude death rates: data, charts and maps - World Data Atlas