The Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Peru[a] is the official representative of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Peru.[1] The ambassador in Lima, appointed by the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), services the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Peru.
| Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Peru | |
|---|---|
| 中华人民共和国驻秘鲁共和国特命全权大使 (Chinese) | |
.svg) | |
since September 29, 2022 | |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China Embassy of China, Lima | |
| Inaugural holder | Chen Lanbin |
| Formation | 11 December 1875 |
| Abolished | 1971 (ROC) |
Background
editChina and Peru first established relations with the signing of a treaty in Tianjin on June 26, 1874.[2][3] Peru's first resident ambassador was named the next year, assuming his duties on May 20, 1878, while the Chinese ambassador would only reach Peru in 1883, after the War of the Pacific.[2][4][5] Relations between both states started with the Coolie Trade and matured during the 'Hundred Years weakness and poverty' (Wang, 1993) from the 1840s to 1949 of the impoverished Qing China, followed by a republic divided by civil wars and invaded by Japan.[6]
After the establishment of the Republic of China, Peru maintained its relations with the new Kuomintang government. In 1944, the diplomatic status of the two countries was raised to embassy level, and high-level officials of the two countries exchanged frequent visits in the 1950s and 1960s.[7] As a result of the Chinese Civil War, Peru closed its embassy in Beijing in 1946.[8]
In 1971, under the military government of Juan Velasco Alvarado, Peru established relations with the People's Republic of China on November 2, 1971,[9] with the Republic of China severing its relations and closing its embassy in Lima as a result,[7][10]: 4 and the PRC opening its embassy the following year. As such, Peru became the third Latin American country to recognize the Beijing-based government.[11]
In May 1978, the Republic of China (Taiwan) established a "Far East Trade Center" in Lima, renamed the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Peru on November 5, 1990, under an executive order approved by then president Alberto Fujimori.
List of representatives
edit| Name | Appointment | Arrival | Credentials | Removed | Resignation | Rank | Title | Head of state | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1875: China and Peru formally establish relations; the ambassador in Washington, D.C. becomes accredited to Peru
| |||||||||||
| Chen Lanbin | 陈兰彬 | December 11, 1875 | — | — | June 24, 1881 | — | 2M | IE | Guangxu | ||
| Cheng Tsao-Ju | 郑藻如 | June 24, 1881 | July 1884 | — | July 26, 1885 | — | |||||
| Zhang Yinhuan | 張蔭桓 | July 27, 1885 | June 20, 1888 | June 27, 1888 | September 28, 1889 | — | |||||
| Tsui Kwo Yin | 崔國因 | March 31, 1889 | March 1, 1891 | March 6, 1891 | September 2, 1893 | March 17, 1891 | |||||
| Yang Yü[12] | 楊儒 | February 8, 1893 | — | — | November 23, 1896 | — | |||||
| Wu Ting-fang | 伍廷芳 | November 23, 1896 | — | — | October 26, 1902 | — | |||||
| Liang Cheng | 梁誠 | July 13, 1902 | — | — | July 3, 1902 | — | |||||
| Wu Ting-fang | 伍廷芳 | September 23, 1907 | June 24, 1909 | July 2, 1909 | December 17, 1909 | — | |||||
| Zhang Yintang | 張蔭棠 | August 12, 1909 | — | — | — | — | Xuantong | ||||
| Alfred Sao-ke Sze[b] | 施肇基 | October 25, 1911 | — | — | — | — | |||||
1913: China and Peru formally reestablish relations on May 15
| |||||||||||
| Liu Shih-hsunBR | 刘式训 | December 31, 1913 | — | — | — | May 14, 1914 | M | E | Yuan Shikai | ||
| Wu Chin-lin | 吳振麟 | December 26, 1913 | May 11, 1914 | — | — | — | 2S* | CdA | |||
| Hsia Yi-TingBR | 夏詒霆 | February 11, 1918 | February 11, 1921 | March 5, 1921 | January 1925 | — | M | E | Feng Guozhang | ||
| Lo Tsung-yee | 羅忠詒 | September 17, 1920 | — | — | December 14, 1923 | — | 1S* | CdA | Xu Shichang | ||
| Shih Yu-ming | 史悠明 | August 29, 1923 | — | — | — | July 1926 | 1S | CdA | Gao Lingwei | ||
| Shi Zhaoxiang[13] | 施肇祥 | February 14, 1926 | June 1926 | — | — | January 6, 1929 | M | E | Duan Qirui | ||
| Wang Teh-fen | 王德棻 | August 29, 1928 | January 6, 1929 | — | March 5, 1929 | — | 3S | CdA | Tan Yankai | ||
| Wei Tze-ching | 魏子京 | January 21, 1929 | March 5, 1929 | — | September 6, 1930 | — | 1S | CdA | Chiang Kai-shek | ||
| September 6, 1930 | September 6, 1930 | — | March 7, 1931 | — | A(a) | CdA | |||||
| March 7, 1931 | March 21, 1931 | August 21, 1931 | January 23, 1934 | — | M | E | |||||
| Li Jun | 李骏 | March 2, 1934 | August 2, 1934 | August 6, 1934 | October 24, 1944 | — | M | E | Lin Sen | ||
1944: Chinese legation upgraded to embassy on September 1
| |||||||||||
| Li Jun | 李骏 | — | September 1, 1944 | — | — | December 20, 1944 | M | CdA | Chiang Kai-shek | ||
| Pao Chun-chienBO | 保君建 | October 24, 1944 | December 20, 1944 | December 22, 1944 | February 20, 1956 | — | AEP | ||||
| Hsu Shu-hsiBO | 徐淑希 | February 20, 1956 | April 7, 1956 | April 30, 1956 | December 19, 1962 | February 2, 1963 | |||||
| Senba P.W. SengBO[14] | 孫邦華 | April 20, 1963 | June 16, 1963 | June 25, 1963 | March 18, 1967 | May 30, 1967 | |||||
| Liu Tsung-han | 劉宗翰 | March 18, 1967 | June 5, 1967 | June 10, 1967 | — | November 4, 1971 | |||||
1971: Commercial office opened by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in Peru
| |||||||||||
| Wang Yanchang | 王言昌 | September 1971 | — | — | — | November 1971 | Director | Mao Zedong | |||
1971: China (PRC) and Peru formally establish relations on November 2
| |||||||||||
| Wang Yanchang | 王言昌 | — | November 1971 | — | — | February 1972 | C | CdA | Zhou Enlai | ||
| Jiao Ruoyu | 焦若愚 | December 15, 1971 | February 1, 1972 | February 9, 1972 | — | January 2, 1977 | AEP | ||||
| Wang Ze | 王泽 | May 1977 | May 6, 1977 | May 25, 1977 | — | May 1981 | |||||
| Xu Huang | 徐晃 | November 1981 | — | December 1981 | — | March 24, 1984[c] | Zhao Ziyang | ||||
| Yang Mai | 杨迈 | October 1984 | — | October 23, 1984 | — | March 1988 | |||||
| Zhu Xiangzhong | 朱祥忠 | June 1988 | June 3, 1988 | June 21, 1988 | — | October 5, 1990 | Li Peng | ||||
| Dai Shiqi | 戴诗琪 | October 1990 | — | October 19, 1990 | — | August 1993 | |||||
| Chen Jiuchang | 陈久长 | September 1993 | — | September 13, 1993 | — | November 1996 | |||||
| Ren Jingyu | 任景玉 | November 1996 | — | December 1996 | — | October 2000 | |||||
| Mai Guoyan | 麦国彦 | October 2000 | — | October 30, 2000 | — | December 2004 | Zhu Rongji | ||||
| Yin Hengmin | 殷恒民 | December 2004 | December 30, 2004 | January 5, 2005 | — | February 2007 | Wen Jiabao | ||||
| Gao Zhengyue | 高正月 | February 2007 | February 25, 2007 | February 28, 2007 | — | July 2009 | |||||
| Zhao Wuyi | 赵五一 | August 2009 | August 5, 2009 | August 7, 2009 | — | November 2011 | |||||
| Huang Minhui[15] | 黄敏慧 | November 2011 | November 15, 2011 | November 18, 2011 | — | June 2015 | |||||
| Jia Guide[16] | 贾桂德 | July 2015 | July 21, 2015 | August 20, 2015 | — | May 2019 | Li Keqiang | ||||
| Liang Yu | 梁宇 | November 2019 | November 9, 2019 | December 11, 2019 | — | July 2022 | |||||
| Song Yang | 宋扬 | August 2022 | August 30, 2022 | September 29, 2022 | — | — | |||||
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Chinese: 中华人民共和国驻秘鲁共和国特命全权大使; pinyin: Zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó zhù bìlǔ gònghéguó tèmìng quánquán dàshǐ; Spanish: Embajador Extraordinario y Plenipotenciario de la República Popular China ante la República del Perú
- ^ Unable to travel due to the Xinhai revolution.
- ^ Died in office.
References
edit- ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Chinese Ambassadors to Peru, [1], 驻秘鲁共和国历任大使, [2]
- ^ a b Chong Geng, Andrés Humberto (April 2003). "Breve historia de las relaciones sino-peruanas". China Today.
- ^ "La inmigración china en el Perú (1850-1890)". Boletín de la Sociedad Peruana de Medicina Interna. 5 (3). 1992.
- ^ Basadre Grohmann, Jorge (2014). Historia de la República del Perú [1822-1933]. Vol. 5. El Comercio. p. 357. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
- ^ García Corrochano, Luis (2019). "Las relaciones entre Perú y China en perspectiva histórica". La conexión China en la Política exterior del Perú en el siglo XXI (PDF) (in Spanish). Lima: PUCP. p. 61. ISBN 9781909890459.
- ^ Park, Jae (2013). "Cultural artefact, ideology export or soft power? Confucius Institute in Peru". International Studies in Sociology of Education. 23: 1–16. doi:10.1080/09620214.2013.770205. S2CID 143873899.
- ^ a b "駐處與駐地關係" [Residency and Resident Relations [between the Republic of China and Peru]]. Portal of Republic of China (Taiwan) Diplomatic Missions.
- ^ García Corrochano 2019, p. 64.
- ^ Wolfgang Bartke (1981). "The diplomatic service of the People's Republic of China as of June 1981". news.xinhuanet.com. Instituts für Asienkunde. p. 110. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
- ^ Zhang, Xiaoxu (2022-09-19). "La identidad política de los inmigrantes chinos en el Perú con su país de origen: a principios de la década 1970s". Ibero-América Studies. 4 (2): 30–38. doi:10.55704/ias.v4i2.04. S2CID 252402046.
- ^ Aquino, Carlos (2021-03-13). "Perú y China: Dos pueblos, un destino común". El Peruano.
- ^ Yang Yu
- ^ [3]Shih Chao-ch'Ang
- ^ Senba P.W. Seng
- ^ "Lista del Cuerpo Diplomático, Organismos Internacionales y Cuerpo Consular" (PDF). Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 2015-03-01.
- ^ Directorio de Cooperación Técnica Internacional 2018-2019 (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. 2018.