In Spain, the legislative definition of agency is regulated in Law 40/2015, of October 1, on the Legal Regime of the Public Sector.[1] Unlike other countries, in Spain only the executive branch has agencies and any need of any of the other branches is covered by the executive.
Types of agencies
editThere is not a single definition of what is considered an agency in Spain because, on the one hand, there are three types of public agencies (Spanish: Organismos públicos, literally, public organisms, OP): Autonomous agencies (Spanish: Organismos autónomos, OA), public business entities (Spanish: Entidades públicas empresariales, EPE) and state agencies (Spanish: Agencias estatales, AE).[1] But, in addition, there are also independent agencies (Spanish: Autoridades administrativas independientes, literally, independent administrative authorities, AAI).[1]
As far as this article is concerned, public business entities (EPE) are going to be ruled out because, despite being considered public agencies according to legislation, their operation is more similar to that of a public company than to that of an agency itself and may be subordinate to an autonomous agency.
Of the other three types of agency, the main difference between them is the law that regulates them. OAs are governed by common administrative law, while AEs and AAIs are governed by their own creation laws. Autonomous agencies and state agencies have their own legal personality, their own treasury and assets, and autonomy in their management, while the AAIs have their own legal personality, their own assets, but they have independence in their management, not autonomy. The AAIs can be compared to the independent agencies of the United States, since they are independent of the executive branch insofar as they are regulated by their own special legislation that includes special mechanisms to ensure their independence, as is the limitation for the executive branch to appoint and dismiss the high officials of it, with greater control of the legislative branch.[1]
Another important difference is the purpose for which they are created. The autonomous agencies (OA) carry out activities of the Public Administration, both activities of promotion, give benefits, management of public services or production of goods of public interest, as differentiated instrumental organizations and dependent on it. The state agencies (AE) are created to comply with specific policies, with better mechanisms to ensure better management and control of results. Finally, the AAIs are assigned external regulatory or supervisory functions over economic sectors or specific activities that require functional independence or special autonomy from the executive branch.[1]
There is a fourth and exceptional category of agencies. These are the management entities and common services of the Social Security, regulated in the Social Security Act of 2015.[2]
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
editSource:[3]
Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes
edit- Centre for Political and Constitutional Studies (CEPC)
- Centre for Sociological Research (CIS)
- Patrimonio Nacional
- Center for Legal Studies (CEJ)
- General Mutual Benefit Society for Civil Servants of the Administration of Justice (MUGEJU)
- Official State Gazette (BOE)
Source:[4]
Ministry of Defence
edit- National Intelligence Centre (CNI)
- Spanish Space Agency (AEE), which also depends on the Ministry of Science.
- National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)
- Institute for Housing, Infrastructure and Equipment of the Defense (INVIED)
Undersecretariat of Defence
edit- Social Institute of the Armed Forces (ISFAS)
Source:[5]
Ministry of Finance
editSecretariat of State for Finance
edit- Spanish Tax Agency (AEAT)
- Institute of Fiscal Studies (IEF)
Undersecretariat of Finance and Civil Service
edit- Commissioner for the Tobacco Market (CMT)
- Royal Mint of Spain (FNMT-RCM)
- State Vehicle Fleet (PME).
Source:[6]
Ministry of the Interior
edit- State Security Infrastructure and Equipment Office (GIESE)
- National Police Training University Center (CUFPN)
Undersecretariat of the Interior
editSource:[7]
Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility
editSecretariat of State for Transport and Sustainable Mobility
edit- Centre for Public Works Studies and Experimentation (CEDEX)
General Secretariat for Land Transport
edit- Railway Safety Agency (AESF)
General Secretariat for Air and Maritime Transport
editUndersecretariat of Transport and Sustainable Mobility
edit- National Geographic Information Centre (CNIG)
Source:[8]
Ministry of Education, Vocational Training and Sports
edit- National Sports Council (CSD)
- Spanish Anti-Doping Agency (CELAD)
Ministry of Labour and Social Economy
editSecretariat of State for Labour
edit- Labour and Social Security Inspectorate (ITSS)
- Public State Service for Employment (SEPE)
- Salary Guarantee Fund (FOGASA)
- National Institute for Safety and Health at Work (INSST)
Source:[9]
Ministry of Industry and Tourism
editSecretariat of State for Industry
edit- Spanish Metrology Centre (CEM)
Secretariat of State for Tourism
edit- Tourism Institute of Spain (TURESPAÑA)
Undersecretariat of Industry and Tourism
editSource:[10]
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
editGeneral Secretariat for Agrarian Resources and Food Security
editUndersecretariat of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
edit- National Agency for Agricultural Insurance (ENESA)
Source:[11]
Ministry of Territorial Policy and Democratic Memory
editThis Department has no agencies attached.
Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge
edit- Institute for Just Transition (ITJ)
Secretariat of State for Environment
edit- State Meteorological Agency (AEMET)
- National Parks Autonomous Agency (OAPN)
Directorate-General for Water
edit- Commonwealth of the Taibilla Channels (MCT)
- Cantabrian Hydrographic Confederation
- Duero Hydrographic Confederation
- Ebro Hydrographic Confederation
- Guadalquivir Hydrographic Confederation
- Guadiana Hydrographic Confederation
- Júcar Hydrographic Confederation
- Miño-Sil Hydrographic Confederation
- Segura Hydrographic Confederation
- Tajo Hydrographic Confederation
Source:[12]
Ministry of Culture
edit- Museo Nacional del Prado
- Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía
- Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE)
Secretariat of State for Culture
edit- National Institute of Performing Arts and Music (INAEM)
- Institute of Cinematography and Audiovisual Arts (ICAA)
- Culture Infrastructure and Equipment Office (GIEC)
Source:[13]
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Business
editSecretariat of State for Economy and Business Support
edit- National Statistics Institute (INE)
- Institute for Accounting and Accounts Audit (ICAC)
Source:[14]
Ministry of Health
editSecretariat of State for Health
edit- Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS)
- National Institute of Health Management (INGESA)
- National Transplant Organization (ONT)
Source:[15]
Ministry of Social Rights, Consumer Affairs and 2030 Agenda
edit- Royal Board on Disability (RPD)
Secretariat of State for Social Rights
edit- Institute for the Elderly and Social Services (IMSERSO)
- Institute of Youth (INJUVE)
General Secretariat for Consumer Affairs and Gambling
editSource:[16]
Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
edit- Spanish Space Agency (AEE), which also depends on the Ministry of Defence.
General Secretariat for Research
edit- State Research Agency (AEI)
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII)
- Center for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CIEMAT)
General Secretariat for Universities
edit- Menéndez Pelayo International University (UIMP)
- National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation (ANECA)
- Spanish Service for the Internationalization of Education (SEPIE)
Source:[17]
Ministry of Equality
editSource:[18]
Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration
editSecretariat of State for Social Security and Pensions
edit- National Institute for Social Security
- Social Institute for Sea Workers
- Social Security General Treasury
- Social Security IT Department
- Legal Service of the Social Security Administration
Source:[19]
Ministry for Digital Transformation and Civil Service
editSecretariat of State for Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence
edit- General Mutual Benefit Society of State Civil Servants (MUFACE)
- National Institute of Public Administration (INAP)
- State Agency for Digital Administration (AEAD)
Source:[20]
Independent agencies
editThe independent agencies or independent administrative authorities (AAI) are independent from the executive branch but relate to different government departments for budget allocation purposes.
Ministry of Finance and Civil Service
edit- Independent Authority for Fiscal Responsibility (AIReF)
- Transparency and Good Governance Council (CTBG)
Ministry of Justice
edit- Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD)
- Independent Whistleblower Protection Authority (AIPI)
Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility
edit- Independent Authority for the Technical Investigation of Accidents and Incidents
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation
editMinistry for the Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge
edit- Nuclear Safety Council (CSN)
References
edit- ^ a b c d e "Ley 40/2015, de 1 de octubre, de Régimen Jurídico del Sector Público". www.boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto Legislativo 8/2015, de 30 de octubre, por el que se aprueba el texto refundido de la Ley General de la Seguridad Social". www.boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 644/2020, de 7 de julio, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación, y se modifica el Real Decreto 139/2020, de 28 de enero, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica de los departamentos ministeriales". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública (2024-02-28), Real Decreto 204/2024, de 27 de febrero, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de la Presidencia, Justicia y Relaciones con las Cortes, y se modifica el Real Decreto 1012/2022, de 5 de diciembre, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica de la Abogacía General del Estado, se regula la inspección de los servicios en su ámbito y se dictan normas sobre su personal (in Spanish), pp. 23339–23373, retrieved 2024-11-16
- ^ "Real Decreto 372/2020, de 18 de febrero, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Defensa". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 682/2021, de 3 de agosto, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Hacienda y Función Pública y se modifica el Real Decreto 139/2020, de 28 de enero, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica de los departamentos ministeriales". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 734/2020, de 4 de agosto, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio del Interior". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 645/2020, de 7 de julio, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Transportes, Movilidad y Agenda Urbana". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 499/2020, de 28 de abril, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Trabajo y Economía Social, y se modifica el Real Decreto 1052/2015, de 20 de noviembre, por el que se establece la estructura de las Consejerías de Empleo y Seguridad Social en el exterior y se regula su organización, funciones y provisión de puestos de trabajo". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 998/2018, de 3 de agosto, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 430/2020, de 3 de marzo, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, y por el que se modifica el Real Decreto 139/2020, de 28 de enero, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica de los departamentos ministeriales". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 500/2020, de 28 de abril, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico, y se modifica el Real Decreto 139/2020, de 28 de enero, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica de los departamentos ministeriales". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 509/2020, de 5 de mayo, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 403/2020, de 25 de febrero, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 735/2020, de 4 de agosto, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Sanidad, y se modifica el Real Decreto 139/2020, de 28 de enero, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica de los departamentos ministeriales". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 209/2024, de 27 de febrero, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Derechos Sociales, Consumo y Agenda 2030". www.boe.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2024.
- ^ "Real Decreto 472/2024, de 7 de mayo, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades". www.boe.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2024.
- ^ "Real Decreto 455/2020, de 10 de marzo, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Igualdad". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Real Decreto 497/2020, de 28 de abril, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones". boe.es. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública (2024-02-28), Real Decreto 210/2024, de 27 de febrero, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública (in Spanish), pp. 23526–23564, retrieved 2024-11-16