Wikipedia

Lilydale line

The Lilydale line is a commuter railway line on the Melbourne metropolitan railway network serving the city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia.[1] Operated by Metro Trains Melbourne, the line is coloured dark blue and is one of the four lines that constitute the Burnley group. It is the city's sixth-longest metropolitan railway line at 37.8 kilometres (23.5 mi). The line runs from Flinders Street station in central Melbourne to Lilydale station in the city's east, serving 27 stations via Burnley, Box Hill, Ringwood, and Croydon.[2]

Lilydale line
Railways in Melbourne
Northbound view of Lilydale station, with X'Trapolis 174M at the platform, the screen tower station feature can be seen further up the platform
An X'Trapolis train at Platform 2 at Lilydale railway station, the terminus of the Lilydale line, October 2024
Overview
Service typeCommuter rail
SystemMelbourne railway network
StatusOperational
LocaleMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
First service1 December 1882; 141 years ago (1882-12-01)
Current operator(s)Metro Trains
Former operator(s)
WebsiteOfficial website Edit this at Wikidata
Route
TerminiFlinders Street
Lilydale
Stops27 (including City Loop stations)
Distance travelled37.8 km (23.5 mi)
Average journey time59 minutes (not via City Loop)
Service frequency
  • 6–20 minutes weekdays peak
  • 30 minutes weekdays off-peak
  • 20 minutes weekend daytime
  • 30 minutes nights
  • 60 minutes early weekend mornings
  • Double frequency between Flinders Street and Ringwood in combination with Belgrave line
  • Extra services run between Flinders Street and either Blackburn or Ringwood on weekdays
Technical
Rolling stockX'Trapolis 100
Track gauge1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)
Electrification1500 V DC overhead
Track owner(s)VicTrack

The line operates for approximately 19 hours a day (from approximately 5:00 am to around 12:00 am) with 24 hour service available on Friday and Saturday nights. During peak hours, headways of up to 15 minutes are operated, with services every 20–30 minutes during off-peak hours.[3] Trains on the Lilydale line run in two three-car formations of X'Trapolis 100 trainsets.[4]

Sections of the Lilydale line opened as early as 1859, with the line fully extended to Lilydale by 1882. The line was built to connect Melbourne and Ringwood with the rural towns of Croydon, Mooroolbark, and Lilydale, among others.

Since the 2010s, due to the heavily utilised infrastructure of the Lilydale line, significant improvements and upgrades have been made. Different packages of work have upgraded the corridor to replace sleepers, upgrade signalling technology, introduce new rolling stock, and remove remaining level crossings.[5]

History

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19th century

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The line from Richmond to Hawthorn was opened initially to a temporary terminus at Pic Nic, just short of the Yarra River, in September 1860, and to Hawthorn in April 1861. It was extended to Camberwell in April 1882, then to Lilydale in early December of that same year.[6] Duplication from East Richmond to Hawthorn occurred less than a month after the Lilydale extension opened. Soon after, the same section was converted to double-line telegraph safeworking, with the section from Hawthorn to Camberwell being converted to Staff and Ticket working.

In May 1885, Hawthorn to Camberwell was duplicated. Duplication was extended to Box Hill in December 1888.[7]

20th century

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Automatic signalling was introduced in December 1907 with the conversion of the section from East Richmond to Hawthorn to semi-automatic signalling, followed by Richmond to East Richmond being converted to automatic signalling in August 1919.[8] East Richmond to Camberwell was converted in two stages, both in October 1922, and Camberwell to Canterbury the following month.[8] Electrification occurred between Flinders Street and Box Hill in December 1922 and extended to Ringwood the following month, then to Croydon in November 1925, and to Lilydale in October 1925.[8] Conversion to automatic signalling resumed in April 1927 with the conversion of Canterbury to Surrey Hills, followed by Surrey Hills to Box Hill in October 1929.

The section from Croydon to Mooroolbark was duplicated in 1957, creating a long passing loop on this otherwise single-line section beyond Ringwood.[9] The section from Mooroolbark to Lilydale remains a single track. Automatic signalling conversions resumed in July 1958 with the section from Box Hill to Blackburn, followed by Mitcham to Ringwood in September of that year, and Blackburn to Mitcham in November 1960.[10] Hawthorn to Camberwell was triplicated in December 1963, and the triplication was extended to East Camberwell in November 1964.[11] Richmond to Burnley was quadruplicated in 1966–67, and triplication was extended to Box Hill in December 1971, followed by Burnley to Hawthorn in August 1972.[12] This left a short section of double track on the upside of Richmond, but this was quadruplicated with the construction of a flyover in 1973.

Ringwood to Croydon was converted to automatic signalling in November 1973 and duplicated in June 1984. Mooroolbark to Lilydale was converted to automatic signalling in June 1985.

The new Comeng trains were introduced to the Melbourne railway system in 1981. Initially, along with the Lilydale line, they were only allowed to operate on the Alamein, Belgrave, Dandenong and Glen Waverley lines, due to the width of the trains (3.05 metres (10 ft 0 in)).[13] The Comeng trains were introduced with the intention of replacing the last of the Tait sets and the majority of the Harris sets.

21st century

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Main article: Lilydale railway line § Future

A 2007 restructure of train ticketing in Melbourne involved the removal of Zone 3, with Zone 3 stations being re-classified to Zone 2.[14] This brought the cost of train fares down, improving system accessibility to the public.

Future

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Level Crossing Removals

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The level crossing at Maroondah Highway, Lilydale, prior to its 2021 removal.

The Level Crossing Removal Project has removed all seven of the remaining level crossings on the Lilydale line, with works completed in stages from 2017 to 2024,[15] making it the first railway line to be entirely level crossing-free in Melbourne.[16][17] Two crossings were removed at Blackburn Road, Blackburn, and Heatherdale Road, Ringwood in 2017, by lowering the rail line under the roads; Heatherdale station was rebuilt.[18] In 2021, two level crossings were removed at Manchester Rd, Mooroolbark, and Maroondah Highway, Lilydale, by building new elevated stations at Mooroolbark and Lilydale which they opened on 19 November 2021 and connecting them with a rail bridge.[19][20] In 2023, the level crossings at Union Road and Mont Albert Road were removed by lowering the rail line; Mont Albert and Surrey Hills stations were demolished and permanently closed on 17 February 2023 and a new station built in between, named Union, which opened on 22 May 2023.[21][22] The last two crossings removed with grade separation involved lowering the rail line below Dublin Road in Ringwood East and elevating it onto a rail bridge above Coolstore Road in Croydon; both Ringwood East station and Croydon station were rebuilt, with Ringwood East station opening on 8 July 2024 while Croydon station opened on 12 August 2024.[23][24][25][26] The final level crossing on the line, Cave Hill Road in Lilydale, was simply closed to car traffic, with an underpass being built for foot traffic, set to open in "spring 2024".[27][28]

Duplication

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The Network Development Plan – Metropolitan Rail, released in 2012, highlighted future upgrades for the rail corridor between Mooroolbark and Lilydale. The development plan highlighted the need for the track to be duplicated between Moroolbark and Lilydale as well as the construction of a new train maintenance facility in the Lilydale area within the next 20 years (by 2032).[29] However, this project has not remained on the planning agenda, despite the significant work conducted by the Level Crossing Removal Project in the area, which has previously undertaken duplication works.

Network and operations

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Services

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Services on the Lilydale line operate from approximately 5:00 am to around 12:00 daily.[30] In general, during peak hours, train frequency is ~7 minutes on the Ringwood corridor (combined with the Belgrave line) and 10–20 minutes in the AM peak on the Lilydale line, while during non-peak hours, the frequency is reduced to 20–30 minutes throughout the entire route.[3] On Friday nights and weekends, services run 24 hours a day, with 60 minute frequencies available outside of normal operating hours.[31]

Train services on the Lilydale line are also subjected to maintenance and renewal work, usually on selected Fridays and Saturdays. Shuttle bus services are provided throughout the duration of work for affected commuters.[32]

Stopping patterns

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Legend: Station status

  • ◼ Premium Station: Station staffed from first to last train
  • ◻ Host Station: Usually staffed during the morning peak, however, this can vary for different stations on the network.

Legend: Stopping patterns
Some services do not operate via the City Loop

  • ●: All trains stop
  • ◐: Some services do not stop
  • |: Trains pass and do not stop
Lilydale Services[33]
Station Zone Local Ltd Express Blackburn Ringwood Mooroolbark Shuttle
◼ Flinders Street 1 ● ● ● ● ●
◼ Southern Cross ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐
◼ Flagstaff ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐
◼ Melbourne Central ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐
◼ Parliament ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐
◼ Richmond ● ● ● ● ●
◻ East Richmond ◐ | ◐ ◐ |
◼ Burnley ● | ◐ ◐ |
◻ Hawthorn ● | ◐ ◐ |
◼ Glenferrie ● ◐ ● ● ◐
◻ Auburn ● | ◐ ◐ |
◼ Camberwell ● ◐ ● ● ◐
◻ East Camberwell ● ◐ ● ● |
◻ Canterbury 1/2 ● ◐ ● ● |
◻ Chatham ● ◐ ● ● |
◼ Union ● ◐ ● ● ◐
◼ Box Hill 2 ● ● ● ● ●
◻ Laburnum ● ◐ ◐ ◐ ◐
◼ Blackburn ● ● ● ● ●
◼ Nunawading ● ◐ ● ●
◼ Mitcham ● ● ● ●
◻ Heatherdale ● ◐ ● ●
◼ Ringwood ● ● ● ● ●
◻ Ringwood East ● ● ● ●
◼ Croydon ● ● ● ●
◼ Mooroolbark ● ● ● ●
◼ Lilydale ● ● ◐

Operators

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The Lilydale line has had a total of six operators since its opening in 1882. The majority of operations throughout its history have been government run: from its first service in 1882 until the 1999 privatisation of Melbourne's rail network, four different government operators have run the line.[34] These operators, Victorian Railways, the Metropolitan Transit Authority, the Public Transport Corporation and Hillside Trains, have a combined operational length of 117 years. Hillside Trains was privatised in August 1999 and later rebranded as Connex Melbourne. Metro Trains Melbourne, the current private operator, then took over the operations in 2009. Both private operators have had a combined operational period of 25 years.[35]

Past and present operators of the Lilydale line:
Operator Assumed operations Ceased operations Length of operations
Victorian Railways 1882 1983 101 years
Metropolitan Transit Authority 1983 1989 6 years
Public Transport Corporation 1989 1998 9 years
Hillside Trains (government operator) 1998 1999 1 years
Connex Melbourne 1999 2009 10 years
Metro Trains Melbourne 2009 incumbent 14 years (ongoing)

Route

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Interactive map of the Lilydale line in eastern Melbourne.
Lilydale (physical track)
Overview
StatusOperational with passenger services from Flinders Street to Lilydale
Owner
LocaleMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
Termini
Continues asHealesville
Warburton
Connecting linesAll metropolitan, regional, and interstate
Former connections
Stations
  • 27 current stations
  • 5 former stations
  • 1 former siding
Service
ServicesLilydale
History
Commenced1 December 1882 (1882-12-01)
Opened
  • Princes Bridge to Richmond on 8 February 1859 (1859-02-08)
  • To Pic-nic on 24 September 1860 (1860-09-24)
  • To Hawthorn on 13 April 1861 (1861-04-13)
  • Flinders Street to Princes Bridge on 18 December 1865 (1865-12-18)
  • To Camberwell on 3 April 1882 (1882-04-03)
  • To Lilydale on 1 December 1882 (1882-12-01)
Completed1 December 1882 (1882-12-01)
Electrified
  • Flinders Street to Box Hill on 19 December 1922 (1922-12-19)
  • To Ringwood on 30 January 1923 (1923-01-30)
  • To Croydon on 28 November 1924 (1924-11-28)
  • To Lilydale on 30 November 1925 (1925-11-30)
Technical
Line length37.8 km (23.49 mi)
Number of tracks
  • Twelve tracks: Flinders Street to Richmond
  • Four tracks: Richmond to Burnley
  • Triple track: Burnley to Box Hill
  • Double track: Box Hill to Mooroolbark
  • Single track: Mooroolbark to Lilydale
Track gauge1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)
Electrification1500 V DC overhead
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph) – Electric
SignallingAutomatic block signaling
Maximum incline1 in 40 (2.5%)

The Lilydale line forms a curved route from the Melbourne central business district to its terminus in Lilydale. The route is 37.8 kilometres (23.5 mi) long and predominantly double-tracked, however, between Flinders Street station and Richmond, the track widens to 12 tracks, narrowing to four tracks between Richmond and Burnley before narrowing to 3 tracks between Burnley and Box Hill. Finally, the line narrows to two tracks between Box Hill and Mooroolbark before narrowing to a single track to its terminus.[36][29] After Mooroolbark, passing loops and island platforms are present throughout the remaining track to allow trains to pass. Sections of the line have been elevated or lowered into a cutting to eliminate level crossings.[37]

The line follows the same alignment as the Alamein, Belgrave, and Glen Waverley lines, with the four services splitting onto different routes at Burnley. The Alamein, Belgrave, and Lilydale services continue till the Alamein line splits off at Camberwell, with the two services continuing together till Ringwood. After departing Ringwood station, the Lilydale line heads north, with the Belgrave line heading in an eastern direction.[38] Almost all of the rail line goes through built-up suburbs, however, the rail line becomes peri-urban towards its terminus in Lilydale.[38]

Stations

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The line serves 27 stations across 37.8 kilometres (23.5 mi) of track. The stations are a mix of elevated, lowered, underground, and ground level designs. Underground stations are present only in the City Loop and in Box Hill, with the majority of elevated and lowered stations being constructed as part of level crossing removals.[39] From 2025, Ringwood East station will be lowered and Croydon station elevated as part of level crossing removal works.

Station Accessibility Opened Terrain Train connections Other connections
Flinders Street Yes—step free access 1854[40] Lowered
16 connections
    
Southern Cross 1859[40] Ground level
27 connections
        
Flagstaff 1985[40] Underground
10 connections
  
Melbourne Central 1981[40]    
Parliament 1983[40]  
Richmond No—steep ramp 1859[40] Elevated
8 connections
    
East Richmond Yes—step free access 1860[40] Ground level
3 connections
  
Burnley No—steep ramp 1880[40]
Hawthorn 1881[40] Lowered
2 connections
    
Glenferrie 1882[40] Elevated  
Auburn Ground level  
Camberwell Lowered    
East Camberwell 1900[40] Ground level
1 connection
Canterbury 1882[40] Elevated  
Chatham 1927[40] Ground level
Union Yes—step free access 2023[40] Lowered  
Box Hill 1882[40] Underground      
Laburnum 1958[40] Elevated  
Blackburn 1882[40] Ground level
Nunawading 1888[40] Lowered    
Mitcham 1882[40]  
Heatherdale 1958[40]
Ringwood 1882[40] Ground level    
Ringwood East 1925[40] Lowered  
Croydon No—Steep ramp 1882[40] Elevated    
Mooroolbark Yes—step free access 1887[40]  
Lilydale 1882[40]    
Station histories
Station Opened[41] Closed[41] Age Notes[41]
Parliament 22 January 1983 41 years
Melbourne Central 26 January 1981 43 years
  • Formerly Museum
Flagstaff 27 May 1985 39 years
Southern Cross 17 January 1859 165 years
  • Formerly Batman's Hill
  • Formerly Spencer Street
Flinders Street 12 September 1854 170 years
  • Formerly Melbourne Terminus
Princes Bridge 8 February 1859 1 October 1866 7 years
2 April 1879 30 June 1980 101 years
Botanic Gardens 2 March 1859 c. April 1862 Approx. 3 years
Punt Road 8 February 1859 12 December 1859 10 months
  • Replaced by Swan Street (200m further along line)
Richmond 12 December 1859 164 years
  • Formerly Swan Street
East Richmond 24 September 1860 164 years
  • Formerly Church Street
Burnley 1 May 1880 144 years
  • Formerly Burnley Street
Pic Nic 24 September 1860 6 October 1895 35 years
Hawthorn 13 April 1861 163 years
Glenferrie 3 April 1882 142 years
  • Formerly Glenferrie Road
Auburn 3 April 1882 142 years
  • Formerly Auburn Road
Camberwell 3 April 1882 142 years
East Camberwell 14 May 1900 124 years
Canterbury 1 December 1882 141 years
Chatham 1 April 1927 97 years
Surrey Hills 13 August 1883 17 February 2023 139 years
Union 22 May 2023 18 months
Mont Albert 11 August 1890 17 February 2023 132 years
Box Hill 1 December 1882 141 years
Laburnum 13 July 1958 66 years
Blackburn 25 December 1882 141 years
Nunawading 4 June 1888 136 years
  • Formerly Turnstall
Mitcham 25 December 1882 141 years
Heatherdale 7 September 1958 66 years
Ringwood 1 December 1882 141 years
Ringwood East 18 May 1925 99 years
Croydon 1 December 1882 141 years
  • Formerly Warrandyte
Mooroolbark 10 October 1887 137 years
Cave Hill ? ?
Lilydale 1 December 1882 141 years

Infrastructure

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Rolling stock

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An X'Trapolis 100 train preparing to departing from Platform 2 at Box Hill station.

The Lilydale line uses X'Trapolis 100 electric multiple unit (EMU) trains operating in a two three-car configuration, with three doors per side on each carriage and can accommodate up to 432 seated passengers in each six car configuration.[42] The trains were originally built between 2002 and 2004, as well as between 2009 and 2020 with a total of 212 three-car sets constructed. The trains are shared with seven other metropolitan train lines and have been in service since 2003.[42]

Alongside the passenger trains, Lilydale line tracks and equipment are maintained by a fleet of engineering trains. The four types of engineering trains are: the shunting train; designed for moving trains along non-electrified corridors and for transporting other maintenance locomotives, for track evaluation; designed for evaluating track and its condition, the overhead inspection train; designed for overhead wiring inspection, and the infrastructure evaluation carriage designed for general infrastructure evaluation.[43] Most of these trains are repurposed locomotives previously used by V/Line, Metro Trains, and the Southern Shorthaul Railroad.[43]

Accessibility

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The rebuilt Lilydale station features tactile boarding indicators and elevators

All stations that are new or rebuilt are fully accessible.[44] Projects improving station accessibility have included the Level Crossing Removal Project, which involves station rebuilds and upgrades, and individual station upgrade projects.[45][46] These works have made significant strides in improving network accessibility, with more than 59% of Lilydale line stations classified as fully accessible.

Signalling

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The Lilydale line employs a combination of three-position signaling alongside automatic block signaling (ABS) and automatic track control (ATC) safeworking systems, wherein the former involves different signal 'blocks', while the latter encompass a variety of mechanisms for enhancing safety and control on the track.[47] Three-position signalling was first introduced on the line in 1919, with the final section of the line converted to the new type of signalling by 1985.[48] Automatic and track controls are used with the centre line between Burnley and Box Hill, and between Mooroolbark and the line's terminus in Lilydale.

References

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  1. ^ "Lilydale Line". Public Transport Victoria. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
  2. ^ "Metro's paper timetables mess". Daniel Bowen. 3 September 2017. Archived from the original on 9 December 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
  3. ^ a b "New timetable train line information – Public Transport Victoria". 1 March 2021. Archived from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  4. ^ Carey, Adam (7 November 2014). "Trains are working better but seating not guaranteed". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  5. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (13 June 2022). "Goodbye Scoresby Road level crossing". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  6. ^ "OPENING OF THE LILLYDALE RAILWAY". Leader (Melbourne, Vic. : 1862 – 1918, 1935). 9 December 1882. p. 16. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
  7. ^ "DUPLICATION OF BOX HILL RAILWAY". Camberwell and Hawthorn Advertiser. 12 September 1914. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
  8. ^ a b c "LILYDALE RAILWAY ELECTRIFICATION". Lilydale Express. 9 October 1925. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  9. ^ "Croydon-Mooroolbark Rail Duplication Scheme Ridiculous". Lilydale Express. 5 August 1955. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  10. ^ "ELECTRIFICATION". Argus. 21 November 1912. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  11. ^ "DUPLICATION OF LINES". Argus. 31 March 1911. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  12. ^ "ELECTRIC RAILWAYS". Herald. 11 April 1911. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  13. ^ "Traffic". Newsrail. Australian Railway Historical Society. August 1981. p. 185.
  14. ^ Moynihan, Stephen (3 March 2007). "No more Zone 3 lifts load on commuters". The Age. Archived from the original on 29 December 2022. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  15. ^ "Bye Bye Ringwood Level Crossings | Premier of Victoria". www.premier.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  16. ^ Hui, Jin (8 December 2023). "Boom gate free first for Lilydale". Lilydale Star Mail. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  17. ^ Cook, Kody (31 May 2024). "Ringwood's final level crossing removed". Infrastructure Magazine. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  18. ^ "The level crossings at Blackburn Road and Heatherdale Road are now gone. | Premier of Victoria". www.premier.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  19. ^ "Maroondah Highway, Lilydale | Level Crossing Removal Project". levelcrossings.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  20. ^ "Manchester Road, Mooroolbark | Level Crossing Removal Project". levelcrossings.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  21. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (2 February 2023). "Union Road, Surrey Hills". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 18 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  22. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (22 June 2022). "Final designs for the new Union Station and precinct". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  23. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (20 February 2023). "Dublin Road, Ringwood East". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  24. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (3 March 2023). "Coolstore Road, Croydon". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  25. ^ "New Croydon Station opening on Monday 12 August". Victoria's Big Build. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  26. ^ "Ringwood East Station opens on Monday 8 July 2024". Public Transport Victoria. 5 July 2024. Archived from the original on 7 July 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  27. ^ Build, Victoria’s Big (31 October 2023). "Map". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  28. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (21 June 2022). "Cave Hill Road, Lilydale". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  29. ^ a b "Network development plan" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  30. ^ "Lilydale Line". Public Transport Victoria. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  31. ^ "Melbourne Weekend Night Network Train Map" (PDF). 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  32. ^ "Where do train replacement buses come from?". ABC News. 15 November 2016. Archived from the original on 14 December 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  33. ^ "Lilydale Line". Public Transport Victoria. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
  34. ^ "Melbourne's Rail Network to be Split" Railway Digest November 1997 page 12
  35. ^ Cooper, Mex (25 June 2009). "New train, tram operators for Melbourne". The Age. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  36. ^ Carey, Adam (4 June 2015). "Multimillion-dollar Richmond railway station revamp in limbo". The Age. Archived from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  37. ^ Wong, Marcus (10 May 2021). "Level crossing removals in 1920s Melbourne". Waking up in Geelong. Archived from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  38. ^ a b Wray, Tyson. "Melbourne's train lines definitively ranked from best to worst". Time Out Melbourne. Archived from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  39. ^ Lee, Robert S. (2007). The railways of Victoria 1854–2004. Rosemary Annable, Donald S. Garden. Carlton, Vic.: Melbourne University Publishing. ISBN 978-0-522-85134-2. OCLC 224727085. Archived from the original on 8 May 2022. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y "What year did your railway station open? | Public Transport Users Association (Victoria, Australia)". Archived from the original on 9 December 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
  41. ^ a b c Anderson, Rick (2010). Stopping All Stations. Clunes, Victoria: Full Parallel Productions. ISBN 978-0646543635. OCLC 671303814.
  42. ^ a b "Train-Franchise-Agreement-Vol-2-of-2" (PDF). 1 March 2014. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  43. ^ a b "NETWORK SERVICE PLAN | Addenda". 1 February 2011. Archived from the original on 7 March 2011.
  44. ^ "Accessibility – Public Transport Ombudsman Victoria". www.ptovic.com.au. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  45. ^ "Left behind: the fight for accessible public transport in Victoria". the Guardian. 12 June 2022. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  46. ^ Victoria’s Big Build (17 October 2022). "Urban design framework". Victoria’s Big Build. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  47. ^ "MOOROOLBARK TO LILYDALE SINGALLING DIAGRAM No. 73/21" (PDF). Metro Trains. 11 November 2021.
  48. ^ "National Code 3-Position Speed Signalling" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.

Further reading

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  • Fiddian, Marc (1988). Commuters, Shoppers and Scholars – A History of the Melbourne – Lilydale Railway. Pakenham Gazette. ISBN 0-9596316-7-4.
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