Lev's disease is an acquired complete heart block due to idiopathic fibrosis and calcification of the electrical conduction system of the heart. Lev's disease is most commonly seen in the elderly, and is often described as senile degeneration of the conduction system.
| Lev's disease | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Lenegre–Lev syndrome |
| Specialty | Cardiology |
One form has been associated with SCN5A.[1]
The use of electrocardiograms, especially in non-specialized settings like emergency rooms, may incidentally reveal a dysrhythmia that can confuse diagnosis, however serial ECGs will demonstrate an evolving conduction block arrhythmia characteristic of Lev’s disease, thus allowing for correct diagnosis.[2]
Presentation
editSigns and Symptoms
editAssociated conditions
editStokes–Adams attacks can be precipitated by this condition. These involve a temporary loss of consciousness resulting from marked slowing of the heart when the atrial impulse is no longer conducted to the ventricles. This should not be confused with the catastrophic loss of heartbeat seen with ventricular fibrillation or asystole.[citation needed]
Epidemiology
editDiagnosis
editPrevention
editPathophysiology
editHistory
editIn March 1954, researchers Richman and Wolff analyzed several patient cases using electrocardiograms and vectocardiograms.[3] Among these cases, patients exhibited a left bundle branch block that resembled a right bundle branch block.[3] Although the electrocardiograms showed a right bundle branch block, the vectocardiograms detected a left bundle branch block.[3]
Treatment and Management
editThere are no studies that were conducted to determine what is the best treatment option for Lev's disease. However, this disease can be treated with a pacemaker[4][5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Schott JJ, Alshinawi C, Kyndt F, et al. (1999). "Cardiac conduction defects associate with mutations in SCN5A". Nat. Genet. 23 (1): 20–1. doi:10.1038/12618. PMID 10471492. S2CID 7595466.
- ^ Carius, Brandon M.; Long, Brit; Schauer, Steve (May 2019). "Lev's Syndrome: A rare case of progressive cardiac conduction disorder presenting to the emergency department". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 37 (5): 1006.e1–1006.e4. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2019.01.054.
- ^ a b c Richman, Justin L.; Wolff, Louis (1954). "Left bundle branch block masquerading as right bundle branch block". American Heart Journal. 47 (3): 383–393. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(54)90295-1.
- ^ Barra, SéRgio Nuno Craveiro; ProvidêNcia, Rui; Paiva, LuíS; Nascimento, José; Marques, AntóNio LeitãO (2012). "A Review on Advanced Atrioventricular Block in Young or Middle‐Aged Adults". Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 35 (11): 1395–1405. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.2012.03489.x. ISSN 0147-8389.
- ^ Carius, Brandon M.; Long, Brit; Schauer, Steve (2019-05-01). "Lev's Syndrome: A rare case of progressive cardiac conduction disorder presenting to the emergency department". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 37 (5): 1006.e1–1006.e4. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2019.01.054. ISSN 0735-6757.