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Leonard Woolsey Bacon

Leonard Woolsey Bacon (January 1, 1830 – May 12, 1907[1][2]) was an American clergyman, born in New Haven, Connecticut. He was a social commentator and a prolific author on religious, social, and historical matters. In social, political, and religious issues of his times, he often broke with the traditions of his countrymen, sometimes causing "great sensation."[3]

Leonard Woolsey Bacon
Born(1830-01-01)January 1, 1830
New Haven, Connecticut
DiedMay 12, 1907(1907-05-12) (aged 77)
Assonet, Massachusetts
Resting placeGrove Street Cemetery
EducationYale University
Occupation(s)Clergyman, writer

Biography

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Leonard Woolsey Bacon was a son of the Congregationalist preacher Leonard Bacon, a brother of George B. Bacon of Orange, New Jersey,[4] and Edward Woolsey Bacon,[5] and a half-brother of Thomas Rutherford Bacon of New Haven, Connecticut,[6][7] all Congregational preachers. He graduated from Yale University in 1850, and in 1856 was ordained in Litchfield. He was also pastor of the First Church in Stamford, Connecticut (1862–65), and of the New England Congregational Church in Brooklyn, New York (1865–70).[8]

Subsequently, he spent several years in Europe, chiefly in Geneva, as a student, preacher, and writer; in Geneva he spent part of his time preaching to "Americans sojourning there."[4] From 1878 to 1882 he was pastor of the Park Congregational Church in Norwich, Connecticut, and later of other Congregational and Presbyterian churches. In 1887, he was the pastor of the Independent Presbyterian Church in Savannah, Georgia.[9] In 1898, he was pastor of the First Church in Litchfield, Connecticut.[10] He was pastor of the North Church in Assonet, Massachusetts beginning in 1901, and authored a history of the churches of Freetown, Massachusetts in 1902.[11] He died at Assonet, May 12, 1907, and was buried in Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, Connecticut.

Controversial statements

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Bacon evidently enjoyed getting involved in contemporary issues, such as divorce, temperance, Sunday rest, and the public conduct of officers of the United States armed forces. In many of these matters, however, he displayed a reluctance to impose religious views. When, in 1880, he wrote an open letter to The New York Times complaining about a steamboat company that evaded Connecticut's blue laws, he made it clear that laws mandating Sunday as a mandatory day of rest were not to be construed as endorsing any particular religion or discriminating "in favor of church-going."[12]

Bacon appeared to have had a habit of causing controversy. In 1884, for instance, he felt compelled, in another letter to the Times, to state that contrary to reports he was not in favor of "a uniform, universal divorce law throughout the States."[13] In 1887, when he was the pastor of the Independent Presbyterian Church in Savannah, he caused a stir by publicly declaring that he favored mixed (black and white) schools and that he would not mind his daughter being seen walking with an African American or even marrying one.[3]

In 1898, as pastor in Litchfield, Connecticut, he wrote a letter published in The New York Times chastising Captain Robley Dunglison Evans (known as "Fighting Bob"), later admiral in the United States Navy, for boasting and profanity.[10] Evidently this was part of a feud of sorts; the Chicago Daily Tribune reported on the news saying that Bacon "again fell foul" of "Fighting Bob" with his "sarcastic letter."[14]

Bacon's writing

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Bacon edited Luther's Deutsche geistliche Lieder ("German Hymns") (New York, 1883), and wrote a number of historical and other books.

An Inside View of the Vatican Council

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Bacon republished, with commentary, the speech of Peter Richard Kenrick, Archbishop of St. Louis, given in 1871 at the First Vatican Council; Kenrick spoke out against the dogma of papal infallibility. The booklet contains Kenrick's speech and other historical documents, as well as Bacon's own "acute and valuable remarks."[15]

Church Papers

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His Church Papers: Sundry Essays on Subjects Relating to the Church and Christian Society (1877), written while Bacon was in Geneva, was praised in the New Englander and Yale Review as a "juicy little volume"; the reviewer hailed the merit and attractiveness of the essays, which are "the product of sound reflection, and of a familiarity not only with books, but with men and things."[4] He discusses such matters as the drawbacks of Congregationalism, which may allow for fallacious decisions by a random majority, and the Temperance movement, and the principles and methods of its zealous advocates.[4]

Bibliography

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  • An Inside View of the Vatican Council, in the Speech of the Most Reverend Archbishop Kenrick, of St. Louis. American Tract Society. 1872.
  • Church Papers: Sundry Essays on Subjects Relating to the Church and Christian Society. New York: Putnam. 1877.
  • Memorials of Emily Bliss Gould, of Rome: A Life Worth Living. New York: Anson D.F. Randolph. 1878.[16]
  • Irenics and Polemics, with Sundry Essays in Church History (1898)
  • A History of American Christianity (1898)
  • Young People's Societies (with C. A. Northrup, 1900)
  • The Congregationalists (1904)

References

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  1. ^ Obituary Record of Graduates of Yale University, Yale University, 1906-7, New Haven, pp. 687-9.
  2. ^ "Died" (PDF). New York Times. May 15, 1907. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
  3. ^ a b "The Rev. L.W. Bacon Questioned" (PDF). New York Times. November 13, 1887. p. 12. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  4. ^ a b c d "Rev. of Leonard Woolsey Bacon, Church Papers". New Englander and Yale Review. 37 (142): 133–35. January 1878. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  5. ^ Memorial biographies of New England historic genealogical society, 1853–1855, Volume 8. New England Historic Genealogical Society. 1907. p. 83.
  6. ^ "Bacon's Unexpected Resignation.a New-haven Congregational Church Losing its Pastor on Account of the Dissatisfaction of a Few Members". The New York Times. March 24, 1884. p. 1. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  7. ^ "Some Hit and Miss Chat; Stray Bits of Gossip from an Observer's Note Book. A Dream's Strange Sequel--one of Leonard Bacon's Sons--Clevelands of the Last Century". The New York Times. September 7, 1885. p. 2. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  8. ^ General Council of the Congregational and Christian Churches of the United States, Executive Committee (1908). The Year book of the Congregational Christian churches of the United States of America. p. 12. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  9. ^ "Dr. Bacon's Pulpit Wanted" (PDF). The New York Times. Charleston, S.C. November 7, 1887. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  10. ^ a b Bacon, Leonard Woolsey (August 11, 1898). "Pastor Rebukes Capt. Evans; Dr. L. Woolsey Bacon, in Open Letter, Accuses Him of Boasting and Objects to His Profanity" (PDF). New York Times. p. 2. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  11. ^ Bacon, Rev. Leonard Woolsey, D.D. (1902). "Church History". A History of the Town of Freetown, Massachusetts. pp. 29–49. Retrieved April 20, 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Bacon, Leonard Woolsey (August 25, 1880). "Reforming Sunday Laws; The Rev. L.W. Bacon on the Norwich Conflict" (PDF). New York Times. p. 5. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  13. ^ Bacon, Leonard Woolsey (November 13, 1887). "The Divorce Laws" (PDF). New York Times. p. 12. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  14. ^ "Dr. Woolsey Bacon Again Falls Foul of 'Fighting Bob': Publishes a Sarcastic Open Letter to the Captain of the Iowa in Which He Belittles His Claim to Bravery and Generosity". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 11, 1898. p. 7. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  15. ^ "Notices of New Books: The Vatican Council by Leonard Woolsey Bacon". New Englander and Yale Review. 31 (199): 133–35. April 1872. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  16. ^ "Notices of New Books: Memorials of Mrs. Gould of Rome by Leonard Woolsey Bacon". New Englander and Yale Review. 38 (152): 723–724. September 1879. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
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