The Lawson L-4 was the last in a series of Lawson biplane airliners designed and built by Alfred Lawson under the livery of the Lawson Airplane Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The largest of the series, it was designed for long-distance flights. It was completed in 1920 but never flew, crashing on its initial takeoff.
| L-4 | |
|---|---|
| |
| The Lawson L-4 "Midnight Air Liner" circa 1921 | |
| Role | Three-engined biplane airliner |
| Manufacturer | Lawson Airplane Company |
| First flight | Not flown |
| Primary user | Lawson Airplane Company |
| Number built | 1 |
Design and development
edit
After Alfred Lawson completed his 2000-mile Lawson L-2 flight, the Lawson Airplane Company built the Lawson Midnight Liner for use on the night service between Chicago and New York. The Midnight Liner was larger with three 400-hp Liberty engines – one on each wing and another in the nose. The airliner sported sleeping berths and a shower. It was his objective to produce large number of these aircraft to outfit his airline, but the 1920 recession deprived Lawson of the investment funds to meet payroll and other development expenses. The first and only Lawson Midnight Liner was completed on December 9, 1920. Bad weather, however, delayed its maiden flight. As Lawson's financial situation worsened, he decided to fly his new airliner from a space near the factory, rather than make a costly ground transport move to Hamilton Field (now Gen. Mitchell Field). The prepared strip was only about 300 feet long. Lawson finally gave the order to attempt flight on May 8, 1921. The aircraft did not clear an elm tree and crashed on takeoff. The pilots were unhurt but the airliner was never repaired.[1][2]
Lawson had a 100-passenger, double-deck version on the drafting board, but the Lawson Midnight Liner was the last. The company folded in 1922, and the assets were auctioned off. The Lawson Air Liners are renowned due to their size (for the time) and the ambition of their flamboyant promoter.
Operators
edit
Specifications (L-4)
edit
General characteristics
- Length: 54 ft 2 in (16.51 m)
- Wingspan: 111 ft 5 in (33.96 m)
- Height: 17 ft 6 in (5.33 m)
- Wing area: 2,028 sq ft (188.4 m2)
- Empty weight: 9,759 lb (4,427 kg)
- Gross weight: 18,645 lb (8,457 kg)
- Powerplant: 3 × Liberty L-12 V-12 piston engine , 420 hp (313 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 110 mph (177 km/h, 96 kn) (estimated)
See also
editAircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References
edit- ^ "LAWSON "AIR LINER"". ASME Milwaukee Chapter. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ^ "Milwaukee-Made Lawson Air Liner Pioneers Transportation Delux". The Milwaukee Journal. Dec 26, 1920.
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985). Orbis Publishing.
- Alfred, Lawson (1928). 200 Mile Trip in First Airliner.
- Lawson – Aircraft Industry Builder. Humanity publishing company. 1930.
External links
edit
Media related to Lawson L-4 at Wikimedia Commons