Laudatio Turiae ("In praise of Turia") is a tombstone engraved with a carved epitaph that is a husband's eulogy of his wife.[1] It was made in the late 1st century BC. It portrays the love of a husband for his loyal wife.
Tombstone
editThe frequently moving eulogy inscribed on the stone is addressed from a husband to his deceased wife, lauding her virtues, self-sacrificing love, and unflinching loyalty toward him when she was still alive. The stone itself is broken, and parts have been found scattered around the city of Rome, although some sections remain lost.[2] At 180 lines, the "Laudatio Turiae" is currently the longest surviving personal inscription from Classical Rome.
Inscription
editThe inscription gives a unique insight into the late 1st century BC Roman world during the rise of Augustus Caesar, as its extended history of the life of the author's wife addresses many aspects of Roman society and civil life. The wife's selfless deeds in defense of her persecuted husband range from sending him jewelry and money when he was in exile to offering him a divorce so he could have an heir—the couple was unable to have a child together. Her husband also lovingly describes her virtues, among which he includes weaving, obedience, faithfulness to family, and religious purity. According to the inscription, her first accomplishment worthy of praise was avenging her parents’ murder, which gives a rather surprising look into the roles of women within the family and society. The husband also says the marriage was unusual, because it lasted forty years with her dying first while he was much older. One of the few named figures in the inscription is Marcus Lepidus, who refused to reinstate the husband despite Caesar's order to do so. The husband praises his wife's willingness to endure verbal and physical abuse from Lepidus on his behalf as she attempted to plead the husband's case publicly.
Identities
editThis inscription is traditionally known as the "Laudatio Turiae," "The Praise of Turia,"[3][4] because its subject was generally identified with Curia, the wife of Quintus Lucretius Vespillo, consul in 19 BC,[5][6] on the basis of comparison with the histories of Valerius Maximus (6, 7, 2) and Appian (Bell.civ. 4, 44), which report that Turia saved her husband in much the same way described in the inscription. William Warde Fowler stated, "...there is a very strong probability that her name was Turia, and that he was the certain Q. Lucretius Vespillo..."[7]
However, the extant remains of the Laudatio Turiae are missing the fragmented piece that contains the identities of both the husband and wife, so they are not actually named on the extant inscription. As a result, the identification with Turia is generally no longer accepted.[8]
Location
editThe Laudatio Turiae is currently housed in the Museo Nazionale Romano at the Terme di Diocleziano (Baths of Diocletian) in Rome.
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Private Lives and Public Personae University of Tennessee
- ^ Gordon, Arthur E. (1950). "A New Fragment of the Laudatio Turiae". American Journal of Archaeology. 54 (3): 223–226. doi:10.2307/500300. JSTOR 500300. S2CID 192944148 – via JSTOR.
- ^ "Laudatio Turiae".
- ^ "Laudatio Turiae tombstone".
- ^ Women in Rome
- ^ "A funeral eulogy. Rome, 1st cent. B.C. (ILS 8393. Tr. E. Wistrand. L)".
- ^ Fowler, William Warde (1908). Social life at Rome in the age of Cicero. p. 160.
- ^ Badian, Ernst (1996). Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony (eds.). Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 822. ISBN 019866172X.
...has traditionally been assigned to this Turia, but this is now generally rejected and there are no good arguments for the identification.
References
edit- "Civil War." Appian
- Appian, Book IV English
- "Book VI, Chapter VII." Valere Maxime
- Valère Maxime, Book VI, Chapter VII Latin
- The Roman Law Library by Yves Lassard and Alexandr Koptev
- Gordon, A.E., "A New Fragment of the Laudatio Turiae" AJA 54 (1950) 223–226
- Horsfall, N., "Some Problems in the Laudatio Turiae" Bull. Inst. Clas. Stud. 30 85–98
- Wistrand, Erik, The so-called Laudatio Turiae (Berlingska Boktryckeriet, 1976) ISBN 9173460095
- Fontana, Laura, "Laudatio Turiae e propaganda augustea: quando anche la morte è politica", Milano: Ledizioni 2021. ISBN 978-8855263238.
- Fowler, W. W., Social life at Rome in the age of Cicero.