Wikipedia

Lai Ching-te

In this Taiwanese name, the surname is Lai.

Lai Ching-te (Chinese: 賴清德; born 6 October 1959), also known as William Lai, is a Taiwanese politician and former physician who is currently serving as the 8th president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) since May 2024. He is the third member of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) to assume the office of president and the first whose predecessor was also a DPP member. He is also the third incumbent vice president to succeed to the presidency and the first to assume the office through election instead of immediate succession. He has also served as the chair of the DPP since 2023.

Lai Ching‑te
賴清德
Official portrait, 2024
8th President of the Republic of China
Incumbent
Assumed office
20 May 2024
PremierCho Jung-tai
Vice PresidentHsiao Bi-khim
Preceded byTsai Ing-wen
18th Chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party
Incumbent
Assumed office
18 January 2023
Secretary GeneralHsu Li-ming
Yang Yi-shan (acting)
Lin Yu-chang
Preceded byChen Chi-mai (acting)
12th Vice President of the Republic of China
In office
20 May 2020 – 20 May 2024
PresidentTsai Ing-wen
Preceded byChen Chien-jen
Succeeded byHsiao Bi-khim
29th Premier of the Republic of China
In office
8 September 2017 – 14 January 2019
PresidentTsai Ing-wen
Vice PremierShih Jun-ji
Preceded byLin Chuan
Succeeded bySu Tseng-chang
1st Mayor of Tainan
In office
25 December 2010 – 7 September 2017
DeputyHsu He-chun
Preceded byPosition established[a]
Succeeded byLi Meng-yen (acting)
Member of the Legislative Yuan
In office
1 February 2008 – 25 December 2010
ConstituencyTainan II
In office
1 February 1999 – 31 January 2008
ConstituencyTainan City
Personal details
Born (1959-10-06) 6 October 1959 (age 65)
Wanli, Taipei County, Taiwan (now Wanli, New Taipei City, Taiwan)
Political party
Spouse
​
(m. 1986)​
Children2
Education
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese賴清德
Simplified Chinese赖清德
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinLài Qīngdé
Bopomofoㄌㄞˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄉㄜˊ
Wade–GilesLai4 Chʻing1-te2
Tongyong PinyinLài Cing-dé
IPA[lâɪ tɕʰíŋ.tɤ̌]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationLaih Chīng Dàk
Jyutpinglai6 cing1 dak1
IPA[lɐj˨ tsʰɪŋ˥ tɐk̚˥˧]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJLoā Chheng-tek
Tâi-lôLuā Tshing-tik

Born to a working-class family in Taipei County, Lai studied medicine at National Taiwan University and National Cheng Kung University before earning a master's degree from Harvard University in 2003. After serving as the president of the National Physician Support Association, Lai ran in the 1996 Legislative Yuan election, winning a seat representing Tainan City. After being re-elected to the Legislative Yuan four consecutive times, Lai ran for Mayor of Tainan in 2010. Lai won and served as mayor for seven years, winning reelection in 2014. In September 2017, President Tsai Ing-wen announced Lai would replace outgoing premier Lin Chuan.

On 24 November 2018, Lai announced his intention to resign from the premiership after the Democratic Progressive Party suffered a major defeat in local elections, and left office on 14 January 2019 after the swearing-in of his successor Su Tseng-chang. Lai mounted an unsuccessful challenge against Tsai in the 2019 Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary, then served as Tsai's running mate in the 2020 Taiwan presidential election. In April 2023, Lai was nominated by the DPP as their presidential candidate for the 2024 presidential election and was elected with 40.05% of votes. He took office as President on 20 May 2024.

Early life and career

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Lai was born into a working-class coal mining family in Wanli, a rural coastal town in northern Taipei County (now New Taipei City) on 6 October 1959.[1][2][3] Lai's father died on 8 January 1960 of carbon monoxide poisoning while laboring in the coal mines of Wanli.[4][5] His widowed mother raised him and his five siblings as a single parent.[6][7]

Lai underwent schooling in Taipei City and studied at the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of National Taiwan University in Taipei,[8] earning a Bachelor of Science (BS) in physical medicine and rehabilitation.[9] He then went to Tainan to enter National Cheng Kung University, where he completed a graduate program in medical science and obtained a Doctor of Medicine (MD).[10]

After graduating from medical school, Lai went to the United States to study at the Harvard School of Public Health for a Master of Public Health,[9] followed by an internship at National Cheng Kung University Hospital. He became an expert on spinal cord damage and served as a national consultant for such injuries.[9]

Legislative career

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After serving as part of the support team for Chen Ding-nan's unsuccessful electoral bid for Governor of Taiwan Province in 1994,[11] Lai decided to enter politics himself. The next opportunity for election to a national body was the 1996 National Assembly, with Lai winning a seat representing Tainan City. Lai then joined the New Tide faction and stood as a candidate in the 1998 Legislative Yuan election, representing the Democratic Progressive Party in the second ward of Tainan City.[12][9] He was successful in this election, and subsequently was reelected three times in 2001, 2004, and 2008. In total he served 11 years as a legislator, and was selected as Taiwan's "Best Legislator" four times in a row by Taipei-based NGO Citizen Congress Watch.[13]

Mayor of Tainan (2010–2017)

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Further information: 2010 Taiwanese local elections and 2014 Taiwanese local elections
 
Lai as Mayor of Tainan, 2017

With the 2010 reorganization of the municipalities in Taiwan, Tainan City and Tainan County were amalgamated into a single municipality, called Tainan. After successfully being selected in the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) primaries in January 2010,[14] Lai stood as the DPP candidate for the mayoral election on 27 November 2010, gaining 60.41% to defeat Kuomintang candidate Kuo Tien-tsai.[15][16] He took office on 25 December 2010.

As a result of his strong showing in the mayoral election coupled with his relative youth and his control of the DPP heartland city of Tainan, Lai was considered to be a potential candidate for a presidential run in 2016.[17] In 2013 an opinion poll ranked Lai as the most popular of the 22 city and county heads in Taiwan, with an approval rating of 87%.[18]

Lai made on 5 June 2014 a visit to the city of Shanghai to assist an exhibition of art by the late Taiwanese painter Tan Ting-pho and met politicians of the Chinese Communist Party.[19][20]

Lai stood for reelection on 29 November 2014 against Huang Hsiu-shuang of the Kuomintang. His opponent was considered to have such an uphill task in the DPP stronghold that she rode a black horse through the streets of Tainan as an election stunt; a hopeful allusion to her status as a "dark horse".[21] Lai, on the other hand, did not plan many campaign activities, choosing to focus on mayoral duties.[22] He eventually won the election by 45 percentage points,[23][24] the largest margin of victory in any of the municipal races in the election.[25]

Lai stepped down as Mayor in September 2017, after being appointed to the Premiership.[26] He was succeeded in acting capacity by Lee Meng-yen.[27][28]

Premiership (2017–2019)

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Main article: Lai cabinet
 
Premier Lai Ching-te led the cabinet during the swearing-in ceremony
 
Lai Ching-te (center) with Ethan Tu (left) and Huang Wei-cher (right) in January 2019

In September 2017, Premier Lin Chuan tendered his resignation to President Tsai Ing-wen, which was reluctantly accepted. A recent poll showed Lin's approval rating to be a mere 28.7%, with 6 in 10 respondents dissatisfied with the performance of his cabinet.[29] On 5 September, President Tsai announced at a press conference that Lai would become the country's next head of the Executive Yuan.[30]

Lai took office on 8 September as the 49th Premier of Taiwan.[31] Following Lai's appointment as premier, Tsai's approval ratings reached 46%, rebounding by more than 16 points since August.[32] Lai made his first appearance as premier at the Legislative Yuan on 26 September, where he stated "I am a political worker who advocates Taiwan independence" but that "We are already an independent sovereign nation called the Republic of China. We don't need a separate declaration of independence".[33][34] Lai has appeared to have moderated his position on Taiwanese independence particularly when he proposed the idea of "being close to China while loving Taiwan" in June 2017.[35] He also expressed no desire to run against Tsai Ing-wen in the 2020 presidential election.[36] On 28 September, the New Party called on the KMT to join it in filing a formal complaint against the Premier for sedition.[37]

In October 2017, it was reported that Lai had garnered the approval of 68.8 percent of respondents in a survey, while 23 percent expressed dissatisfaction.[38] However, critics say that his popularity may not last, due to his rapid reversal of his position on the issue of Taiwanese independence.[39] However, on 20 October, in response to General Secretary Xi Jinping's comments on the one China policy and the 1992 consensus at the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Lai said that the Taiwanese government, following the directives of Tsai Ing-wen, would fulfill its promise of not changing the status quo between the two neighbors and not ceding before pressure from Beijing, which comes in the form of military intimidation and an international blockade.[40]

In November 2018, Lai tendered his resignation to the president, after the ruling DPP was trounced in local elections.[41] Lai agreed to remain in office to help stabilize the government until the general budget was cleared by the Legislative Yuan in January 2019.[42][43] Lai's cabinet resigned on 11 January 2019 and Su Tseng-chang was appointed as new premier.[44][45]

First presidential campaign (2019)

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Further information: 2019 Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary and 2020 Taiwanese presidential election

On 18 March 2019, Lai Ching-te registered to run in the Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary, saying that he could shoulder the responsibility of leading Taiwan in defending itself from being annexed by China.[46] This is the first time in Taiwanese history where a serious primary challenge has been mounted against a sitting president.[47] The results of the DPP's primary poll released on 13 June shown that Tsai defeated Lai by winning 35.67 percent of the vote over Lai's 27.48 percent, officially becoming the DPP's presidential candidate for the 2020 election.[48]

In November 2019, Lai accepted president Tsai Ing-wen's offer to become her running mate for the 2020 presidential election.[49][50][51] Tsai secured over 57% of the ballot, winning a record 8.17 million votes in the election and began her second term in 2020.[52][53]

Vice presidency (2020–2024)

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Official portrait as vice president
 
Lai exchanging gifts with Palauan President Surangel Whipps Jr. (left) on an official visit to Palau in November 2022

During his vice presidency, Lai served as president Tsai Ing-wen's special envoy to Honduras for president Xiomara Castro's inauguration in January 2022.[54] After the assassination of former Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe, he made a private trip to Tokyo to pay his respects and became Taiwan's most senior official to visit Japan in five decades.[55] In November 2022, Lai led representatives of Taiwan's travel agencies and industry associations to Palau to foster collaborations between the two countries.[56]

In November 2022, president Tsai Ing-wen resigned as leader of DPP after the party's heavy losses in local elections.[57] Lai officially registered as a candidate for the DPP chair election in December.[58] Since Lai was the only candidate running, he became the new chairman of the DPP in 2023.[59][60]

2024 presidential campaign

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Main article: 2024 Taiwanese presidential election

In March 2023, Lai registered as the only person to run in the DPP's 2024 presidential primary and was officially nominated by the ruling party in April.[61][62] On 21 November 2023, Lai formally registered his campaign at the Central Election Commission along with his running mate, Hsiao Bi-khim.[63] Lai claimed victory on 13 January 2024, marking the first time that a political party had won three consecutive presidential terms since direct elections were first held in 1996.[64]

Presidency (2024–present)

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Official presidential portrait
 
Hsiao Bi-khim, Vice President
 
Cho Jung-tai, Premier
Main articles: Presidency of Lai Ching-te and Cho Cabinet

On 13 January 2024, Lai was elected president of the Republic of China with approximately 40% of the vote,[65] and was inaugurated on 20 May 2024.[66]

Under Lai, Taiwan continued the previous administration's New Southbound Policy, signing an investment pact with Thailand in June 2024. Thailand became the fifth trading partner to sign an investment agreement with Taiwan since the announcement of the policy in 2016.[67]

Ching-te reaffirmed the island's commitment to resisting Chinese annexation, emphasizing its sovereignty during National Day celebrations. He also expressed hopes for dialogue with Beijing, despite ongoing military pressure and tensions.[68][69]

Political views

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Previously, Lai was viewed as a "deep green" member of the DPP, advocating for Taiwanese independence.[70] As the mayor of Tainan, Lai called himself a "pragmatic worker for Taiwanese independence" and argued it was possible to "love Taiwan while having an affinity to China".[71][72] He has since moderated his position, saying that there was no need to declare independence as "Taiwan is already a sovereign, independent country called the Republic of China."[73] Lai advocates strengthening Taiwan's relations with the United States and other liberal democracies.[74] Lai considers both titles of "Taiwan" or "Republic of China" that can be used equitably and interchangeably in respect of the country name.[71]

Personal life

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Lai married Wu Mei-ju in 1986. Wu worked for Taipower, and was based in Tainan until Lai was elected mayor of the city, and she transferred to Kaohsiung.[75][76] The couple raised two sons.[6]

Lai′s first grandson was born in the United States in 2020.[77]

Honors

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Notes

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  1. ^ Hsu Tain-tsair as the provincial municipalities mayor of Tainan

References

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  74. ^ Buckley, Chris; Chien, Amy Chang; Liu, John; Cave, Damien (13 January 2024). "In a Setback for Beijing, Taiwan Elects Lai Ching-te as President". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  75. ^ "因陪考認識妻子 賴清德：當兵時每日一信鼓勵我". Liberty Times (in Chinese). 7 September 2017. Archived from the original on 3 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  76. ^ Teng, Pei-ju (27 December 2023). "ELECTION 2024/Lai's wife makes rare public appearance to endorse husband". Central News Agency. Archived from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2023. After marrying Lai in 1986, Wu maintained her low-key lifestyle even after her husband entered politics in the 1990s. According to local media reports, Wu applied to be transferred from Taiwan Power Company's Tainan office to Hsinta Power Plant in Kaohsiung after Lai was elected Tainan mayor in 2010 to avoid any conflict of interest.
  77. ^ "「我家也有小帥哥」 賴清德透露3歲孫子已在台灣". Central News Agency (Taiwan) (in Chinese). 30 July 2023. Archived from the original on 31 August 2024. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
  78. ^ Wang, Flor; Wen, Kuei-shang (14 May 2024). "Outgoing President Tsai honors VP Lai, 12 other officials". Central News Agency. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
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Political offices
Preceded by Mayor of Tainan
2010–2017 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Premier of the Republic of China
2017–2019 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Vice President of the Republic of China
2020–2024 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President of the Republic of China
2024–present 		Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by DPP nominee for Vice President of the Republic of China
2020 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party
2023–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by DPP nominee for President of the Republic of China
2024 		Most recent
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