Wikipedia

LIVRE

LIVRE[15] (L; lit. 'FREE'), previously known as LIVRE/Tempo de Avançar[16] (lit. 'FREE/Time to Move Forward', L/TDA), is a green political party in Portugal founded in 2014. Its founding principles are ecology, universalism, freedom, equity, solidarity, socialism and Europeanism.[17]

FREE
LIVRE
AbbreviationL
SpokespersonRui Tavares
Founded31 January 2014 (2014-01-31)
Legalised20 March 2014 (2014-03-20)
HeadquartersPraça Olegário Mariano, n.º 5, 2.º esq. 1170–278 Lisbon
Ideology
Political positionLeft-wing[7][10]
European affiliation
European Parliament groupGreens/EFA[13]
Colours  Green and   red
Assembly of the Republic
4 / 230
[14]
European Parliament
0 / 21
Regional parliaments
0 / 104
Local government
(Mayors)
1 / 308
Local government
(Parishes)
17 / 3,066
Election symbol
Party flag
Website
partidolivre.pt Edit this at Wikidata

History

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Rui Tavares, founder of LIVRE, during its 10th Congress in 2021

In 2011, Left Bloc MEP Rui Tavares departed the party due to disagreements with coordinator Francisco Louçã and began sitting as an independent in European Parliament.[18] Tavares also left the Left Bloc's European Parliament group, GUE-NGL, and began sitting with Greens–European Free Alliance.

In 2014, ahead of that year's European elections, Tavares formed Livre. Its founding congress was 31 January.[19] The party was legalised by the Portuguese Constitutional Court on 20 March 2014.[20] On 20 May 2015, it officially changed its name LIVRE to LIVRE/Tempo de Avançar, with L/TDA as its abbreviation.[21] It switched back to its original name a few years later. Its symbol is a poppy.

In the 2019 legislative election, the party firstly entered parliament, with Joacine Katar Moreira as their sole MP.[22] After several clashes between Katar Moreira and the party's leadership, including accusations that LIVRE only used her to achieve the state mandated subvention due to her being a black woman,[23] the party expelled her from their caucus on 31 January 2020, losing all representation in the Assembly of the Republic.[24]

During the campaign for the 2022 legislative election, Rui Tavares, once again the main candidate from LIVRE, was able to appear in the televised debates due to the party having elected one MP during the previous election.[25] Rui Tavares was elected as the party's sole MP, with LIVRE regaining representation in parliament.[26]

During the 2024 legislative election, LIVRE increased their result to 3.2% and elected 4 MPs: Rui Tavares, Isabel Mendes Lopes (who became the first Parliamentary leader of LIVRE), Jorge Pinto and Paulo Muacho.[27]

In the same year, LIVRE selected Francisco Paupério as the main candidate for the 2024 European Parliament election after his victory in the party primaries, a result that caused some internal turmoil in the party after allegations of electoral fraud.[citation needed][15] Rui Tavares was later criticized for not being present in the party's campaign for the European elections.[16] In the end, LIVRE achieved 3.8% of the votes, their best result so far, but failed to elect any MEPs.[19]

Organization

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Structure

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The party's political responsibilities are divided between two main organs, both elected for two-year terms in the party congress: the Contact Group, composed of 15 people elected through lists and which are responsible for the Executive functioning of the party; the Assembly, composed of 50 people (with gender parity) elected through individual candidacies, responsible for determining the political positioning of the party. Unlike most parties in the Portuguese landscape, LIVRE does not have a determined leadership role, having rotating roles such a male-female Spokespeople duo from the Contact Group and a Coordinator of the Board of the Assembly. Given that both organs have term-limits and no person can be in one organ more than three consecutive terms, they are considered as rotative roles. [28]

Leadership positions

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Mandate Co-Spokesperson for the Contact Group Co-Spokesperson for the Contact Group Coordinator of the Board of the Assembly
2024– Rui Tavares Isabel Mendes Lopes Patrícia Gonçalves
2022–2024 Rui Tavares Teresa Mota Patrícia Gonçalves
2020–2022 Pedro Mendonça Isabel Mendes Lopes José Manuel Azevedo
2018–2020 Ana Natário
2016–2018 Rui Tavares
2014–2016 Marta Loja Neves

Political stances

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One of the main points of the party's manifesto going into the 2022 Portuguese legislative election was support for a universal basic income.[29] The party also highlighted its support for increasing the national minimum wage to €1,000 per month, extending support for: remote working, pregnant workers, workers with health problems, caregivers and supporting "micro-businesses". The party also supports a Green New Deal for Portugal, lowering VAT from 23% to 6% on vets and pet food, banning bullfighting and legalising cannabis.[30][31]

Election results

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Assembly of the Republic

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Vote share in the Portuguese legislative elections

Election Main candidate Votes % Seats +/- Government Notes
2015 Rui Tavares 39,330 0.7 (#9)
0 / 230
 New No seats
2019 Joacine Katar Moreira 56,940 1.1 (#9)
1 / 230
0 / 230
   1

  1 		Opposition Joacine Katar Moreira was expelled
from the LIVRE caucus in January 2020.
No seats
2022 Rui Tavares 71,232 1.3 (#9)
1 / 230
   1 Opposition
2024 204,875 3.2 (#7)
4 / 230
   3 Opposition

Presidential

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Election Candidate Votes % Result
2016 Sampaio da Nóvoa 1,062,138 22.9 (#2) Lost  N
2021 Ana Gomes 540,823 13.0 (#2) Lost  N

European Parliament

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Election List leader Votes % Seats +/– EP Group
2014 Rui Tavares 71,495 2.2 (#6)
0 / 21
 –
2019 60,446 1.8 (#8)
0 / 21
  0
2024 Francisco Paupério 148,572 3.8 (#7)
0 / 21
  0

Local elections

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The following results include LIVRE led coalitions.

Election Votes % Mayors +/- Councillors +/- Assemblies +/- Parishes +/-
2017 17,417 0.3 (#8)
1 / 308
 New
5 / 2,074
 New
14 / 6,461
 New
56 / 27,019
 New
2021 24,685 0.5 (#10)
1 / 308
  0
7 / 2,604
  2
20 / 6,448
  6
122 / 26,797
  66

Regional Assemblies

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Region Election Main candidate Votes % Seats +/- Government
Azores 2016 José Manuel Azevedo 227 0.2 (#11)
0 / 57
 New No seats
2020 362 0.4 (#11)
0 / 57
  0 No seats
2024 735 0.6 (#8)
0 / 57
  0 No seats
Madeira 2023 Tiago Camacho 858 0.6 (#10)
0 / 47
 New No seats
2024 Marta Sofia 911 0.7 (#11)
0 / 47
  0 No seats

References

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  1. ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2022). "Portugal". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  2. ^ https://partidolivre.pt/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/LIVRE_IXCongresso_GrupoContacto_2020_MocaoEstrategica_ListaA-1.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  3. ^ IL não é "suficientemente liberal", diz Tavares. E procede a explicação, Notícias ao Minuto (4 February 2022) https://www.noticiasaominuto.com/politica/1926252/rui-tavares-diz-que-iniciativa-liberal-no-suficientemente-liberal
  4. ^ "Declaração de Princípios".
  5. ^ "O eterno retorno do anarquismo". 2 May 2018.
  6. ^ "Livre quer lei para a autogestão dos trabalhadores". 10 September 2023.
  7. ^ a b Tilo Wagner (24 April 2014). "Upstart Portuguese party wants more Europe". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
  8. ^ Andrei Khalip (8 October 2019). "Portugal president asks Socialist Costa to form government". Euronews. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  9. ^ Demony, Catarina; Goncalves, Sergio (15 October 2019). "Portugal's new cabinet list approved; Centeno keeps finance job". Reuters. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  10. ^ [8][9]
  11. ^ European Spring Webpage (retrieved on 17 October 2018)
  12. ^ Livre announcement (retrieved on 19 January 2022)
  13. ^ Maria Lopes (23 May 2014). "Rui Tavares recebe apoio da cúpula dos Verdes europeus". Público (in Portuguese). Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  14. ^ "Livre: "Resultados Globais."". Retrieved 17 March 2024.
  15. ^ a b ACÓRDÃO N.º 316/2017 Tribunal Constitucional. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
  16. ^ a b Paul Mitchell (25 May 2015). "Moves for a "left alliance" government accelerate in Portugal". World Socialist Web Site. International Committee of the Fourth International. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  17. ^ "Declaração de princípios aprovada na reunião de 16 de novembro de 2013". LIVRE (in Portuguese). 16 November 2013. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  18. ^ "Rui Tavares diz-se vítima de "caça ao independente" lançada por Louçã". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 22 June 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  19. ^ a b "Partido Livre inicia hoje congresso fundador e de eleição de órgãos". ionline (in Portuguese). 31 January 2014. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  20. ^ "ACÓRDÃO N.º 255/2014" (in Portuguese). Tribunal Constitucional. 19 March 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  21. ^ "ACÓRDÃO N.º 283/2015" (in Portuguese). Tribunal Constitucional. 20 May 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  22. ^ "Joacine Katar Moreira é a primeira deputada negra em Portugal?". Poligrafo (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  23. ^ "Joacine grita ao congresso: "Isto é uma perseguição. Elegeram uma mulher negra que foi útil para a subvenção"". Diário de Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  24. ^ Penela, Rita. "Livre: "A partir deste momento tudo o que Joacine disser ou fizer na ação política não nos representa"". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  25. ^ Ribeiro, Nuno (15 December 2021). "CNE dá razão ao Livre pela exclusão dos debates eleitorais". Público. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  26. ^ Pincha, João Pedro (31 January 2022). "A festa de anos do Livre teve a eleição de Rui Tavares como brinde". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  27. ^ "Livre em êxtase após eleição de grupo parlamentar com quatro deputados". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
  28. ^ "Estatutos do LIVRE".
  29. ^ Renascença (14 January 2022). "Rendimento Básico Incondicional. É mesmo possível e desejável recebermos dinheiro por existirmos? - Renascença". Rádio Renascença (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  30. ^ Martins, Paula (25 January 2022). "The politics of Portugal – who are the parties?". The Portugal News. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  31. ^ Silva, Lara (31 January 2022). "2022 Portuguese General Election: Socialist Party Wins Majority". Portugal.com. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
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